Determination of orthodontic anomaly patterns in patients in the Thrace region and assessment of the relationship between orthodontic anomalies and DMFT indices: a retrospective study

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 105 - 112, 04.09.2024

Hande Uzunçıbuk , Meltem Tekbaş Atay

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental and skeletal anomalies that could be a cause of malocclusion and their relationship with caries distribution in the western region of Türkiye.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted with 1815 digital panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs taken from patients, age ranging between 6 and 47 years, who applied for orthodontic treatment. The lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and dental records were reviewed according to skeletal anomaly, dental malocclusion (Angle classification), and decay-missing- filling teeth (DMFT) index. Kruskal Wallis test was used in intergroup comparisons of variables that did not show normal distribution, and Dunn’s multiple comparison test was used in subgroup comparisons. The chi-square test and Yates correction were used in comparisons of qualitative data.
RESULTS: The mean DMFT of the dental Class I malocclusion group was statistically and significantly lower than Class II division 1 and Class III malocclusion groups (p < 0.05). The mean DMFT index of Class II subdivision malocclusion group was statistically and significantly lower than that of Class III malocclusion group (p < 0.05). The DMFT index was significantly lower in the skeletal
Class I group compared to the skeletal Class II and Class III anomaly groups (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between DMFT indices and dental malocclusions as well as skeletal anomalies. By correcting dental malocclusions and skeletal anomalies with orthodontic treatment and providing ideal occlusion, it becomes easier for patients to maintain oral hygiene and DMFT indices might decrease.

Keywords

Angle classification, decay, malocclusion, orthodontics, retrospective study

Ethical Statement

This study was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, and the protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Trakya University, Edirne, Turkiye (Protocol number: 18/29, Date: 27/11/2023).

Trakya bölgesindeki hastalarda ortodontik anomali paternlerinin belirlenmesi ve bu anomalilerin DMFT indeksleri ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi: retrospektif bir çalışma

Abstract

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin batı bölgesindeki popülasyonda maloklüzyona neden olabilecek dental ve iskeletsel anomalilerin yaygınlığını ve bunların çürük dağılımı ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Ortodontik tedavi için başvuran, yaşları 6 ile 47 arasında değişen 1815 hastanın dijital panoramik ve lateral sefalometrik radyografileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Lateral sefalometrik radyografiler, panoramik radyografiler ve dental kayıtlar ile iskeletsel anomali, dental maloklüzyon (Angle Sınıflaması) ve çürük-eksik-dolgulu diş (DMFT) indeksi belirlenerek, bu anomalilerin çürük dağılımı ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Normal dağılım göstermeyen değişkenlerin gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarında Kruskal Wallis testi, alt grup karşılaştırmalarında Dunn’s çoklu karşılaştırma testi ve nitel verilerin karşılaştırmalarında ki-kare testi ve Yates düzeltmesi kullanılmıştır.
BULGULAR: Dental Sınıf I maloklüzyon grubunun DMFT ortalaması Sınıf II Bölüm 1 ve Sınıf III maloklüzyon gruplarından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sınıf II Subdivizyon maloklüzyon grubunun ortalama DMFT indeksi, dental Sınıf III maloklüzyon grubundan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktür (p<0.05). DMFT indeksi, iskeletsel Sınıf I hastalarda iskeletsel Sınıf II ve Sınıf III hastalara kıyasla anlamlı derecede düşüktür (p < 0.05).
SONUÇ: DMFT indeksleri ile dental maloklüzyonlar ve iskeletsel anomaliler arasında bir korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Ortodontik tedavi ile dental maloklüzyonların ve iskeletsel anomalilerin düzeltilerek ideal oklüzyonun sağlanması ile hastaların ağız hijyenini sağlamaları kolaylaşmakta ve DMFT indeksleri düşmektedir.

Keywords

Angle sınıflaması, çürük, maloklüzyon, ortodonti, retrospektif çalışma

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