VİTES GEÇİŞLERİNE GÖRE YAKIT TÜKETİMİNİN MODELLENMESİ: VİTES DEĞİŞTİRME STRATEJİLERİNİN YAKIT TÜKETİMİNE ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ

Yıl 2017, , 0 - 0, 07.09.2017

Hakan Köylü

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.337610

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, vites geçişlerine göre yakıt tüketimini belirli bir taşıt ve motor özelliklerine bağımlı olmayacak şekilde modellemek ve bu modeli kullanarak vites değiştirme stratejilerinin yakıt tüketimine etkilerini belirlemektir. Vites geçişlerine göre yakıt tüketimini modellemek için öncelikle içten yanmalı motorun moment ve güç karakteristik eğrileri modellenmiştir. Elde edilen motor karakteristikleri ve taşıtın vites oranları kullanılarak her vites oranı için taşıt hızını, ihtiyaç duyulan çeki kuvvetini ve motorun özgül yakıt tüketimini elde eden alt modeller geliştirilmiştir. Bu alt modelin çıkışları ile vites geçişlerine göre yakıt tüketimi modellenmiştir. Geliştirilen model ile geometrik ve progresif diziye dayalı iki farklı vites değiştirme stratejisinin yakıt tüketimine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Bunun için bu iki metot kullanılarak vites oranları hesaplanmış ve bu vites oranlarına göre yakıt tüketim eğrileri elde edilmiştir. Her iki stratejiye ait yakıt tüketim eğrilerinin birine göre farklılıkların nedeni, çeki diyagramları ile araştırılmıştır. Böylece geliştirilen modelleme metodu, geometri dizi ile progresif dizinin yakıt tüketimine etkilerinin çeki diyagramına dayalı bir şekilde belirlenmesini sağlamıştır.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Modelleme, yakıt, tüketim, vites değiştirme, strateji

Kaynakça

• Ben-Chaim, M.,Shmerling, E., Kuperman, A., Analytic Modeling of Vehicle Fuel Consumption, Energies, 6, 117-127, 2013.
• Chaim, M.B.,Smerling, E., Modeling vehicle fuel consumption at urban operating conditions, International Journal of Mechanics, 7(1), 18-25, 2013.
• Faris, W.,Rakha, H., Elmoselhy, S., Impact of Intelligent Transportation Systems on Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Emission Modeling: An Overview, SAE Int. J. Mater. Manf., 7(1), 129-146, 2014.
• Yue H., Mesoscopic Fuel Consumption and Emission Modeling, Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2008.
• Chang M., Evans L., Trip time versus stop time and fuel consumption characteristics in cities, Transportation Science, 15, 183-209, 1981.
• Evans L., Herman R., Automobile fuel economy on fixed urban driving schedules, Transportation Science, 12(2), 137-152, 1978.
• Biggs, D.G., Akçelik, R.,Models for Estimation of Car Fuel Consumption in Urban Trafic, ITE Journal, 29-32, 1986.
• Post, K., Kent, J.H., Tomlin, J., Carruthers, N., Fuel consumption and emission modelling by power demand and a comparison with other models, Transportation Research Part A: General, 18(3), 191-213, 1984.
• An, F.,ve M. Ross, Model of Fuel Economy with applications to Driving Cycles & Traffic Management, Transportation Research Record, Washington, D.C, 1993.
• Anh, K., Microscopic Fuel Consumption and Emission Modeling, Master of Science Thesis, Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and StateUniversity, Blacksburg, Virginia, 1998.
• Oh, Y., Park, J.,Lee, J.,Eom, M.D.,Park, S., Modeling effects of vehicle specifications on fuel economy based on engine fuel consumption map and vehicle Dynamics, Transport Research PartD:Transport Environmental 32, 287–302,2014.
• Burgess, S.C. ve Choi J.M.J., A parametric study of the energy demands of car transportation: a case study of two competing commuter routes in the UK, Transport Research Part D:Transport Environmental, 8, 21–36, 2003.
• Ehsani, M., Ahmadi, A., Fadai, D., Modeling of vehicle fuel consumption and carbondioxide emission in road transport Letter to the Editor, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53, 1638–1648, 2016.
• Guzzella, L. ve Sciarretta, A., Vehicle propulsion systems ıntroduction to modeling and optimization, Springer, 2011.
• Lee, M.G., Park, Y.K., Jung, K.K., Yoo, J.J., Estimation of Fuel Consumption using In-Vehicle Parameters, International Journal of Service, Science and Technology, 4(4), 2011.
• Naunheimer, H.,Bertsche, B., Ryborz, J., Novak, W., AutomotiveTransmissions Fundamentals, Selection, Design and Application, Second Edition, Springer-Verlag, 2011.
• Ivarsson, M., Fuel Optimal Powertrain Control for Heavy Trucks Utilizing Look Ahead, Master of Science Thesis, Stockholm, Linköping Studies in Science and Technology, Thesis No. 1400, 2009.
• Casavola,A., Prodi, G., Rocca, G., Efficient Gear Shifting Strategies for Green Driving Policies, American Control Conference, Marriott Waterfront, Baltimore, MD, USA, June 30-July 02, 2010.
• Ngo, V.D., Navarrete, J.A.C., Hofman, T., Steinbuch, M., Serrarens,A., Optimal gear shift strategies for fuel economy and driveability, Proc IMechE Part D: J Automobile Engineering, 227(10), 1398–1413, 2013.
• Mashadi, B., Amiri-rad, Y., Afkar, A., Mahmoodi-Kaleybar, M.,Simulation of automobile fuel consumption and emissions for various driver’s manual shifting habits, J. Cent. South Univ., 21, 1058−1066, 2014.
• Mashadi, B. ve Lakeh, R.B., Fuel economy improvement based on a many-gear shifting Strategy, International journal of energy and environment, 3(4), 577-590, 2012.
• Blagojevıc, I.A.,Vorotovic, G.S., Ivanovic, G.S., Jankovic, S.P., Popovic,V.M., Energy Efficiency Improvement by Gear Shifting optimization, Thermal Science, 17(1), 91-105, 2013.
• Eckert, J.J., Santiciolli, F.M., Costa, E. D.S., Alkmin E Silva, L.C.D., Dionisio, H.J., Correa F.C., Dedini F. G., Fuel Consumption Reduction Based on the Optimization of the Vehicle Gear Shifting Strategy Considering New Gear Ratios, SAE Congresso Brasil, 2015-36-0136, 2015.
• Moskalik, A., Hula, A., Barba, D., and Kargul, J., Investigating the Effect of Advanced Automatic Transmissions on Fuel Consumption Using Vehicle Testing and Modeling, SAE Int. J. Engines, 9(3), 2016.
• Ünlüsoy, Y.S., Performance of Road Vehicles, ODTÜ, Ankara, 2004.
• Mashadi, B. ve Crolla, D., Vehicle powertrain systems, WILEY, 2010.
• Pulkrabek, W.W., Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2003.
• Vantsevich, V.V.,Joshi, B.H., Bortolin, G., Transmission Gear Ratio vs Fuel Consumption: Retrospective Analysis for Future Terrain Vehicle Applications, ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, 533-553, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2012.
• Rutten, J,H., Design of a New Transmission Concept, Master of Science Thesis, Stuttgart, Eindhoven University of Technology, Thesis No. DCT 2005.56.
• Genta, G., Motor Vehicle Dynamics: Modeling and Simulation, World Scientific, Singapore, 2006.
• Wong, J.Y., Theory of Ground Vehicles - Second Edition, WILEY, New York, 1993.
• Gołębiewski, W., ve Stoeck, T., Relationships Between Vehicle Traction Properties and Fuel Consumption for Total Engine Load, Teka. Commission of Motorizatıon and Energetics in Agriculture, 15 (1), 15–18, 2015.
• Wu, W. ve Ross, M., Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel Consumption Modeling, SAE International Congress and Exposition, Detroit, Michigan, 1999.
• Faris, W., Rakha, H., and Elmoselhy, S., Analytical Modelling of Diesel Powertrain Fuel System and Consumption Rate, SAE Int. J. Mater. Manf., 8(1), 2015.
• Berry, I,M., The Effects of Driving Style and Vehicle Performance on the Real-World Fuel Consumption of U.S. Light-Duty Vehicles, Master of Science Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February, 2010.