Çok ince taneli yüksek fırın cüruflu çimento ile stabilize edilmiş düşük plastisiteli killi zeminin mühendislik özellikleri

Yıl 2021, , 985 - 996, 05.03.2021

Eyubhan Avcı , Murat Mollamahmutoglu , Emre Deveci , Aydın Gökçe

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.642402

Öz

Bu deneysel çalışmada, çok ince taneli yüksek fırın
cüruflu çimento (Spinor A6) ile stabilize edilmiş düşük plastisiteli killi
zeminin bazı mühendislik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle, %8,
%10 ve %12 oranlarında Spinor A6 karıştırılarak elde edilen killi zemin numunelerinin
temel geoteknik özellikleri deneysel olarak tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra, optimum
su muhtevası ve maksimum kuru birim hacim ağırlığında sıkıştırılmış Spinor A6
katkılı killi zemin numuneler üzerinde tek eksenli serbest basınç, sıkışabilirlik
ve şişme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneysel veriler, düşük plastisiteli killi
zeminin Spinor A6 ile stabilize edilme sonrası, 90. gün sonunda dayanımının
açık ortamda bekletilen numunelerde  9
ile 14 kat,  streçe sarılı halde
bekletilmiş numunelerde 9 ile 12 kat arasında arttığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca  90. gün sonunda sıkışabilirliğin açık ortamda
bekletilen numunelerde 18,3 ile 19,2 kat arasında, streçe sarılı halde
bekletilmiş numunelerde ise 17,6 ile 18,5 kat arasında azaldığı tespit
edilmiştir. Son olarak, şişme potansiyelinin ise  90. gün sonunda açık ortamda bekletilen
numunelerde 67,5 ile 270,0 kat arasında, streçe sarılı halde bekletilmiş
numunelerde ise  54,0 ile 101,2 kat
arasında azaldığı belirlenmiştir.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Spinor A6, stabilizasyon, killi zemin, dayanım, sıkışabilirlik, şişme

Kaynakça

• Nelson, J. D., ve Miller, R. D., Expansive soils: problems and practice in foundation and pavement engineering, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992.
• Gourly, C.S., Newill, D., ve Schreiner, H.D., Expansive soils: TRL’s research strategy, 1st international symposium on engineering characteristics of arid soils, Balkema, London, 247-260, July 6-7, 1994.
• Prusinski, J, R., Bhattacharja, S., Effectiveness of portland cement and lime in stabilizing clay soils, Transport. Res. Rec., 1652, 215–227 , 1999.
• Bergado, D. T., Anderson, L. R., Miura, N, ve Balasubramaniam, A. S., Soft Ground Improvement in Lowland and Other Environments, ASCE Press, New York, 1996.
• Miura, N., Horpibulsuk, S., Nagaraj, T. S., Engineering behavior of cement stabilized clay at high water content, Soils and Found., 41(5), 33–45, 2001.
• Horpibulsuk, S., Suddeepong, A., Chinkulkijniwat, A., Liu, M. D., Strength and compressibility of lightweight cemented clays, Applied Clay Science, 69, 11–21, 2012.
• Cong, M., Longzhu, C., Bing, C., Analysis of strength development in soft clay stabilized with cement-based stabilizer, Construction and Building Materials, 71, 354–362, 2014.
• Sasanian, S., Newson, T. A., Basic parameters governing the behavior of cement-treated clays, Soils and Foundations, 54(2), 209-224, 2013.
• Wong, L. S., Mousavi, S., Sobhani, S., Kong, S. Y., Birima, A. H., Pauzi, N. I. M., Comparative Measurement of Compaction Impact of Clay Stabilized with Cement, Peat Ash and Silica Sand, Measurement, 94, 498-504, 2016.
• Mousavi, S., Wong, L. S., Performance of Compacted and Stabilized Clay with Cement, Peat Ash and Silica Sand, Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, 9(1), 20-32, 2015.
• Cong, M, Longzhu, C., Bing, C., Analysis of Strength Development in Soft Clay Stabilized with Cement-Based Stabilizer, Construction and Building Materials, 71, 354-362, 2014.
• Kawasaki, T., Niina, A., Saitoh, S., Suzuki, Y., Honjo, Y., Deep mixing method using cement hardening agent, Proceedings of the 10th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, Stockholm, 721-724, 15-19 June, 1981.
• Porbaha, A, Shibuya, S, Kishida, T., State of the art in deep mixing technology, Ground Improvement, 4(3), 91–110, 2000.
• Cokca, E., Use of Class C Fly Ashes for the Stabilization–of an Expansive Soil, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127(7), 568-573, 2001.
• Chew, S. H., Lee, F. H., Lee, Y., “Jet grouting in Singapore marine clay” Proc. 3rd Asian Young Geotechnology Engineering Conf., Singapore, 1997.
• Uddin, K., Balasubramaniam, A. S., Bergado, D. T., Engineering behavior of cement-treated Bangkok soft clay, Geotech. Eng. J., 28(1), 89–119, 1997.
• Sivapullaiah, P. V., Sridharan, A., Bhaskar R. K. V., Role of amount and type of clay in the lime stabilization of soil, Ground Improvement, 4(1), 37–45, 2000.
• Ahnberg, H., Johansson, S. E., Pihl, H., Carlsson, T., Stabilising effects of different binders in some Swedish soils, Ground Improvement, 7(1), 9-23. 2003.
• Chew, S. H., Kamruzzaman, A. H. M., Lee, F. H., Physicochemical and engineering behavior of cement treated clays,, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 130(7), 696–706, 2004.
• Mitchell, J. K., Soil improvement state of the art report, Proc. 10th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Stockholm, 506-565, 15-19 June, 1981.
• Tremblay, H., Leroueil, S., Locat, J., Mechanical improvement and vertical yield stress prediction of clayey soils from eastern Canada treated with lime or cement, Can. Geotech. J., 38, 567–579, 2001
• Balasubramaniam, A. S., Kamruzzaman, A. H. M., Uddin, K., Lin, D. G., Phienwij, N., Bergado, D. T., Chemical stabilization of Bangkok clay with cement, lime and fly ash additives, Proceeding 13th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conf., Taipei, Taiwan, 253-258, 16-20 November, 1998.
• Cokca, E., Veysel Y., Ozaydin, V., Stabilization of expansive clays using granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and GBFS-cement, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 27(4), 489-499, 2009.
• Mollamahmutoglu, M., Avci, E., Engineering Properties of Slag-Based Superfine Cement-Stabilized Clayey Soil, ACI Materials Journal, 115(4), 541-548, 2018.
• ASTM D422-63, Standard test method for particle-size analysis of soils, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 2002.
• ASTM D4318-10e1, Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 2010.
• ASTM D854-02, Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 2002.
• Bell, F. G., Engineering treatment of soils, Chapman & Hall, London, 1993.
• Das, B.M., Sivakugan, N., Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering, Cengage Learning, Boston, 2015.
• ASTM D698-00a, Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3(600 kN-m/m3)), American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 2000.
• ASTM D2166-00, Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 2000.
• ASTM D2435-96, Standard Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, 1996.
• Richardson, D. N., AASHTO layer coefficients for cement-stabilized soil bases, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 8(2), 83–87, 1994.
• Bhattacharja, S., Bhatty, J., Comparative performance of portland cement and lime in stabilization of moderate to high plasticity clay soils, Portland Cem. Assoc., RD125, Skokie, Illinois, 2003.
• Aniculăesi, M., Stanciu, A., Lungu, I., Behavior of expansive soils treated with eco-cement, Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iasi-Construction & A LVII (LXI) (f. 2), 2(1), 9–19, 2011.
• Petry, T. M., Armstrong, J. C., Stabilization of Expansive Clay Soils, Transportation Research Report, 1219, 103-112, 1989.
• Ho, M. H., Chen, C. M., Some Mechanical Properties of Cement Stabilized Malaysian Soft Clay, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2(11), 76-83, 2011.
• Estabragh, A. R., Pereshkafti, M. R. S., Parsaei, B., Javadi, A. A. Stabilised expansive soil behaviour during wetting and drying, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 14(4), 418-427, 2013.