PEYNİR ALTI SUYUNDAN KESİKLİ KEFİR TİPİ İÇECEK ÜRETİMİNİN AYARLANABİLEN BAZ AKIŞ HIZI İLE DENEYSEL PH GELİŞMİŞ KONTROLÜ
Abstract
Bir kesikli biyoreaktörde kefir mayası ile peynir altı suyu, glukoz, üzüm suyu ve süt karışımı fermantasyonunun pH kontrolü araştırılmıştır. Burada bir ürün olarak elde edilen kefir tipi içecek literatürde yer alan diğer çalışmalardan farklıdır. Biyoreaktördeki karışımın pH değeri koagülasyondan kaçınmak için belli bir değerin altına düşürülmemelidir. pH değerindeki azalma kontrol uygulamasını gerekli hale getirmektedir.
Kontrol amacı için biyoproses CARIMA (Controlled AutoReggressive Integrated Moving Average) model kullanılarak benzetimi yapılmıştır. pH değeri ve sodyum bikarbonat akış hızı sırası ile çıkış değişkeni ve ayarlanabilen değişkenler olarak seçilmiştir. Model parametre hesaplama U-D çarpan ayrışma ve yalancı gelişigüzel ikili sinyal (PRBS) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu PRBS sinyal 0,5 M sodyum bikarbonat giriş akış hızına verilmiş ve sistem dinamik cevap verileri on-line pH kaydından elde edilmiştir.
Deneysel pH kontrol Genelleştirilmiş öngörmeli kontrol (GPC) kullanılarak bir ilk gerçekleştirilmiştir. En iyi kontrol ayar parametre değerleri etkinlik kriterlerine göre seçilmiştir. Deney sonuçlarının genel değerlendirmesine göre, en iyi kontrolün sisteme asit girişi yapılmaksızın ağırlık faktörü, λ=1 ile gerçekleştirildiği görülmüştür. Üretilen kefir-tipi içecekten elde edilen analitik ve mikrobiyolojik veriler Türk Gıda Kodeksi Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tebliği kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre protein içeriği 100 ml’de 3,11±0,10, Laktobasillus cinsi bakteri sayımı 9,44±0,38, Laktococcus cinsi bakteri sayımı 9,03±0,51 ve maya sayımı 9,99±0,70 olarak sayılmıştır.
Keywords
Peynir altı suyu genelleştirilmiş öngörmeli kontrol (GPC); kefir tipi içecek üretimi; kefir mayası
References
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Year 2016,
Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 0 - 0, 06.09.2016
Abstract
References
- Altuntaş, S., Ertunç, S., Hapoğlu, H. ve Alpbaz, M., Servo Control Application of Predictive Algorithm to the Cheese Whey Drink Production, Journal of Engineering and Architecture Faculty of Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 25 (2), 31-42, 2012.
- Altuntaş, S., Ertunç, S., Hapoğlu, H. ve Alpbaz, M., Discrete-Time Modelling of the Cheese Whey Drink Production and Servo Control of pH, Ordu Univ. J. Sci. Tech., 1 (1), 15-21, 2011.
- Inan, A., Oil Pollution Modelling in İskenderun Bay, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 26, (2), 470-476, 2011.
- Balas, L., Inan, A., Numanoglu Genç, A., Modelling of dilution of thermal discharges in enclosed coastal waters, Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 17 (10), 82-89, 2013.
- Özmıhçı, S. ve Kargı, F., Utilization of Cheese Whey Powder for Ethanol Fermentation: Effects of Operating Parameters, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 38, 711-718, 2006.
- Özmıhçı, S. ve Kargı, F., Kinetics of Batch Ethanol Fermentation of Cheese Whey Powder (CWP) Solution as a Function of Substrate and Yeast Concentrations, Bioresource Technology, 98, 2978-2984, 2007a.
- Özmıhçı, S. ve Kargı, F., Effects of Feed Sugar Concentration on Continuous Ethanol Fermentation of Cheese Whey Powder Solution (CWP), Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 41, 876-880, 2007b.
- Özmıhçı, S. ve Kargı, F., Ethanol Production from Cheese Whey Powder Solution in a Packed Column Bioreactor at Different Hydraulic Residence Times, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 42, 180-185, 2008.
- Saraceno, A., Curcio, S., Calobro, V., Iorio, G., A Hybrid Neural Approach to Model Batch Fermentation of “Ricotta Cheese Whey” to Ethanol, Computers and Chemical Engineering, 34, 1590-1596, 2010.
- Kourkoutas, Y., Psarianas, C., Koutinas, A.A., Kanellaki, M., Banat, I.M. ve Marchant, R., Continuous Whey Fermentation Using Kefir Yeast Immobilized on Delignified Cellulosic Material, J. Agric. Food Chem., 50 (9), 2543-2547, 2002.
- Paraskevopoulou, A., Athanasiadis, I., Blekas, G., Koutinas, A.A., Kanellaki, M. ve Kiosseoglov, V., Influence of Polysaccharide Addition on Stability of a Cheese Whey Kefir-milk Mixture, Food Hydrocolloids, 17 (5), 615-620, 2003.
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- Camcıoglu, Ş., Özyurt, B., Hapoglu, H., Elektrokoagülasyon yöntemiyle kağıt atık suyu arıtımında pH kontrolu, Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology- A Applied Sciences and Engineering, 16 (2), 107-115, 2015.
- Golshan M. ve MacGregor J.F., Identification for the Control of Variable Trajectories in Batch Processes, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 52, 2352-2367, 2013.
- Cao Z., Yang Y., Lu J., Gao F., Constrained two dimensional recursive least squares model identification for batch processes, Journal of Process Control, 24, 871-879, 2014.
- Clarke, D.W., Mohtadi, C. ve Tuffs, P.S., Generalized Predictive Control-Part I: the Basic Algorithm, Automatica, 23 (2), 137-148, 1987.
- Li-Juan, L., Hong-Ye, S. ve Jian, C., Generalized Predictive Control with Online Least Squares Support Vector Machines, Acta Automatica Sinica, 33 (11), 1182-1188, 2007.
- Sato, T., Design of a GPC-based PID Controller for Controlling a Weigh Feeder, Control Engineering Practice, 18, 105-113, 2010.
- Neshasteriz, A.R., Sedigh, A.K. ve Sadjadian, H., Generalized Predictive Control and Tuning of Industrial Processes with Second Order Plus Dead Time Models, Journal of Process Control, 20, 63-72, 2010.
- Çetinkaya, S., Durmazuçar, H.H., Zeybek, Z., Hapoğlu, H. ve Alpbaz, M., Application of Temperature Control in a Batch Polymerization Reactor at Different Optimal Temperatures, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 28 (2), 383-392, 2013.
- Aldemir, A., Hapoğlu, H., Comparison of wireless temperature profiles with generalized predictive control, Journal of Polytechnic, 19 (3), 377-387, 2016.
- Altuntaş, S., Peynir Yapım Tesislerinden Alınan Atıksuyu Biyolojik İşlemden Geçirme, Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2012.
- Gustafsson T.K., Skrifvars B. O., Sandström K. V., Waller K.V., Modelling of pH for Control, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 34, 820-827, 1995.
There are 25 citations in total.
Details
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 6, 2016 |
| Submission Date | September 3, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 |