Nano materyal içerikli katkıların yakıt özelliklerine ve yanma karakteristiklerine etkileri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 34 Sayı:1, 115 - 136, 26.03.2019

İsmet Sezer

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.416469

Öz

Bu çalışma; dizel, biyodizel, su içeren emülsiyon yakıtları ve çeşitli yakıt karışımları gibi dizel motor yakıtlarında nano materyal içerikli katkıların kullanımı üzerine yapılmış çeşitli çalışmaların sonuçlarından derlenmiştir. Dizel motorlarda zararlı egzoz emisyonlarını azaltması için üç farklı teknik uygulanmaktadır. Zaralı emisyonları azaltmak için uygulanan tekniklerden ilki motor tasarımda ve yakıt püskürtme sisteminde değişiklikler yapılarak yanmanın iyileştirilmesidir. Ancak bu pahalı ve zaman alıcı bir süreçtir. İkinci teknik katalitik konvektör ve partikül filtresi gibi çeşitli egzoz gazı cihazlarını kullanmaktır. Ancak, bu cihazlar dizel motorun performansını olumsuz yönde etkiler. Dizel motorlarda, emisyonları azaltmak ve aynı zamanda dizel motorun performansını artırmak için kullanılan üçüncü teknik ise çeşitli yakıt katkılarının kullanılmasıdır. Dizel motorlardan yayılan en önemli kirleticiler azot oksit (NO_x) ve partikül madde (PM-is) emisyonlarıdır. Uygulamada, NO_x ve PM emisyonlarını birlikte azaltmak oldukça zordur. Emisyonları azaltmanın ve motor performansını artırmanın en iyi yolunun nano materyal içerikli katkıların ve suyla emülsiyonlaştırılmış yakıtların kullanımı olduğu birçok araştırmacı tarafından bildirilmektedir. Bu derlemede çeşitli dizel motor yakıtlarında farklı nano materyal içerikli katkıların kullanımının yakıt özelliklerine ve yanma karakteristiklerine etkileri incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dizel motor, biyodizel, emülsiyon yakıt, nano materyal katkılar

Kaynakça

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