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Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 1515 - 1530, 24.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.826801

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, hacimsel olarak %10 atık fuzel yağı (F10) ve %90 dizel yakıtı motorinden (DF) oluşan karışım (F10DF90) içerisine 8ppm, 12ppm ve 16ppm organik reçine esaslı mangan (OrbMn) ilavesi yapılmıştır. Girdi parametrelerinin (Hacimsel olarak karıştırılan %10 fuzel yağı ve %90 DF yakıtı motorin karışımı içerisine 8ppm, 12ppm ve 16ppm OrbMn ilavesi, motor devri (min-1), fren torku (Nm)), çıktı parametrelerine (Tork, güç, özgül yakıt sarfiyatı, egzoz sıcaklık ve egzoz emisyon verileri olarak CO, HC, NOx ve CO2) olan etkileri kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları verileri DF verileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. 12ppm mangan ilaveli test yakıtının, F10DF90 test yakıtı, 8ppm ve 16ppm mangan ilaveli test yakıtlarına göre olumlu sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. 12ppm mangan ilavesinde, motor tork ve güçte motorine yakın değerler verdiği, egzoz gaz sıcaklığını düşürdüğü, ortalama olarak CO2 değerlerinde %13,17, NOx değerlerinde ise %17,02 azalma sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Keskin A, Guru M, Altıparmak D. Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: effects of the additives on fuel consumption and emissions. Fuel 2007; 86:1139–43.
  • Çaynak S, Gürü M; Biçer, A, Keskin A, Içingür Y., Biodiesel production from pomace oil and improvement of its properties with synthetic manganese additive, Fuel, 88(3), 532-536, 2009.
  • Çelikten, İ., & Gürü, M. (2011). Petrodizel ve kanola biyodizeli performans ve emisyon kriterlerinin mangan esaslı katkı maddelerıyle geliştirilmesi. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 26(3).
  • Campos-Fernández, J., Arnal, J. M., Gómez, J., & Dorado, M. P. (2012). A comparison of performance of higher alcohols/diesel fuel blends in a diesel engine. Applied energy, 95, 267-275.
  • Lenin, M. A., Swaminathan, M. R., & Kumaresan, G. (2013). Performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine with a nanofuel additive. Fuel, 109, 362-365.
  • Sabet Sarvestany, N., Farzad, A., Ebrahimnia-Bajestan, E., & Mir, M. (2014). Effects of magnetic nanofluid fuel combustion on the performance and emission characteristics. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 35(12), 1745-1750.
  • Yasin, M. M., Yusaf, T., Mamat, R., & Yusop, A. F. (2014). Characterization of a diesel engine operating with a small proportion of methanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blend. Applied Energy, 114, 865-873.
  • Minja, R. J., Mlay, H., & Katima, J. H. (2015). Plant Oil/Fusel Oil Blends as Alternative Fuels in Low-and Medium Speed Diesel Engines.
  • Wang, M., Nie, K., Yun, F., Cao, H., Deng, L., Wang, F., & Tan, T. (2015). Biodiesel with low temperature properties: Enzymatic synthesis of fusel alcohol fatty acid ester in a solvent free system. Renewable energy, 83, 1020-1025.
  • Çelik, M., Solmaz, H., & Yücesu, H. S. (2015). Examination of the effects of organic based manganese fuel additive on combustion and engine performance. Fuel Processing Technology, 139, 100-107.
  • Muthaiyan, P., & Gomathinayagam, S. (2016). Combustion characteristics of a diesel engine using propanol diesel fuel blends. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 97(3), 323-329.
  • Çelik, M. (2016). Combustion, performance and exhaust emission characteristics of organic based manganese addition to cotton methyl ester. Applied Thermal Engineering, 108, 1178-1189.
  • Kryshtopa, S., Kryshtopa, L., Melnyk, V., Dolishnii, B., Prunko, I., & Demianchuk, Y. (2017). Experimental research on diesel engine working on a mixture of diesel fuel and fusel oils. Transport Problems, 12.
  • Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ali, O. M., Yusri, I. M., Abdullah, A. A., Yusop, A. F., & Noor, M. M. (2017). The effect of adding fusel oil to diesel on the performance and the emissions characteristics in a single cylinder CI engine. Journal of the energy Institute, 90(3), 382-396.
  • Emiroğlu, A. O., & Şen, M. (2018). Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of various alcohol blends in a single cylinder diesel engine. Fuel, 212, 34-40.
  • Pour, A. H., Ardebili, S. M. S., & Sheikhdavoodi, M. J. (2018). Multi-objective optimization of diesel engine performance and emissions fueled with diesel-biodiesel-fusel oil blends using response surface method. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(35), 35429-35439.
  • Rajesh Kana, S., & Shaija, A. (2020). Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using waste avocado biodiesel with manganese-doped alumina nanoparticles. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 1-8.
  • Yılmaz, E. (2019). Investigation of the effects of diesel-fusel oil fuel blends on combustion, engine performance and exhaust emissions in a single cylinder compression ignition engine. Fuel, 255, 115741.
  • Yusri, I. M., Mamat, R., Akasyah, M. K., Jamlos, M. F., & Yusop, A. F. (2019). Evaluation of engine combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics using diesel/butanol blended fuel. Applied Thermal Engineering, 156, 209-219.
  • Ahmed, A. H., Ali, O. M., Mohammed, A. E., Daoud, R. W., & Ibrahim, T. K. (2019, May). Enhancement of engine performance with high blended diesel-biodiesel fuel using iso-butanol additive. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 518, No. 3, p. 032013). IOP Publishing.
  • Akcay, M., & Ozer, S. (2019). Experimental investigation on performance and emission characteristics of a CI diesel engine fueled with fusel oil/diesel fuel blends. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 1-16.
  • Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., & Karagöz, M. (2020). Experimental investigation of fusel oil (isoamyl alcohol) and diesel blends in a CI engine. Fuel, 267, 117042.
  • Tebas, S. D. O. G., Barañano, A. G., Pinheiro, P. F., & Lacerda Júnior, V. (2020). Mild conditions in the transesterification reaction of babassu oil and purified fusel oil. Chemical Engineering Communications, 1-9.
  • Monroe, E., Shinde, S., Carlson, J. S., Eckles, T. P., Liu, F., Varman, A. M., ... & Davis, R. W. (2020). Superior performance biodiesel from biomass-derived fusel alcohols and low grade oils: Fatty acid fusel esters (FAFE). Fuel, 268, 117408.
  • Bayraktar, H. (2008). An experimental study on the performance parameters of an experimental CI engine fueled with diesel–methanol–dodecanol blends. Fuel, 87(2), 158-164.
  • ÖZER, S. Ham Pirina Yağından Biyodizel Üretiminde Alkol Olarak Fuzel Yağı Kullanımı. (2018), Gazi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 2018, 4(2): 136-143.
  • Tuter, M., Akdere, C., Yerlikaya, C., & Sirkecioğlu, A. (2011). The Evaluation of Fusel Oil Fraction for Lipase Catalyzed Alcoholysis of Hazelnut Oil. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 33(6), 521-528.
  • Guo, Z., Li, T., Dong, J., Chen, R., Xue, P., & Wei, X. (2011). Combustion and emission characteristics of blends of diesel fuel and methanol-to-diesel. Fuel, 90(3), 1305-1308.
  • Yilmaz, N., & Sanchez, T. M. (2012). Analysis of operating a diesel engine on biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-methanol blends. Energy, 46(1), 126-129.
  • Datta, A., & Mandal, B. K. (2016). Impact of alcohol addition to diesel on the performance combustion and emissions of a compression ignition engine. Applied thermal engineering, 98, 670-682.
  • Yilmaz, N., & Atmanli, A. (2017). Experimental evaluation of a diesel engine running on the blends of diesel and pentanol as a next generation higher alcohol. Fuel, 210, 75-82.
  • Mofijur, M., Rasul, M. G., & Hyde, J. (2015). Recent developments on internal combustion engine performance and emissions fuelled with biodiesel-diesel-ethanol blends. Procedia Engineering, 105, 658-664.
  • Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D. (2008). Influence of tall oil biodiesel with Mg and Mo based fuel additives on diesel engine performance and emission. Bioresource technology, 99(14), 6434-6438.
  • Nour, M., Attia, A. M., & Nada, S. A. (2019). Improvement of CI engine combustion and performance running on ternary blends of higher alcohol (Pentanol and Octanol) /hydrous ethanol/diesel. Fuel, 251, 10-22.
  • Gürü, M., Koca, A., Can, Ö., Çınar, C., & Şahin, F. (2010). Biodiesel production from waste chicken fat based sources and evaluation with Mg based additive in a diesel engine. Renewable Energy, 35(3), 637-643.
  • Ardebili, S. M. S., Taghipoor, A., Solmaz, H., & Mostafaei, M. (2020). The effect of nano-biochar on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with fusel oil-diesel fuel. Fuel, 268, 117356.
  • Li, X., Guan, C., Yang, K., Cheung, C. S., & Huang, Z. (2019). Impact of lower and higher alcohol additions to diesel on the combustion and emissions of a direct-injection diesel engine. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(20), 21001-21012.
  • Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., & Albayrak, S. (2019). Experimental investigation of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel–biodiesel–alcohol blends. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 41(9), 389.
  • Calam, A., İçingür, Y., Solmaz, H., & Yamık, H. (2015). A comparison of engine performance and the emission of fusel oil and gasoline mixtures at different ignition timings. International journal of green energy, 12(8), 767-772.
  • Abdalla, A. N., Awad, O. I., Tao, H., Ibrahim, T. K., Mamat, R., & Hammid, A. T. (2019). Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with fusel oil that a potential using as an octane enhancer. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 41(8), 931-947.
  • Solmaz, H. (2015). Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of fusel oil in a spark ignition engine. Fuel Processing Technology, 133, 20-28.
  • Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ibrahim, T. K., Kettner, M., Kadirgama, K., Leman, A. M., & Saiful, A. I. M. (2018). Effects of fusel oil water content reduction on fuel properties, performance and emissions of SI engine fueled with gasoline-fusel oil blends. Renewable energy, 118, 858-869.
  • Calam, A., Aydoğan, B., & Halis, S. (2020). The comparison of combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of ethanol, methanol, fusel oil, butanol, isopropanol and naphtha with n-heptane blends on HCCI engine. Fuel, 266, 117071.
  • Simsek, S., & Ozdalyan, B. (2018). Improvements to the composition of fusel oil and analysis of the effects of fusel oil–gasoline blends on a spark-ignited (SI) engine’s performance and emissions. Energies, 11(3), 625.
  • Ali OM, Mamat R, Faizal CKM. 2013 Review of the effects of additives on biodiesel properties, performance, and emission features. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy; 5: 012701.
  • Zhu L, Cheung C, Zhang W, Huang Z. Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:914–21.
  • Gürü, M., Karakaya, U., Altıparmak, D., & Alıcılar, A. (2002). Improvement of diesel fuel properties by using additives. Energy conversion and Management, 43(8), 1021-1025.
Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 1515 - 1530, 24.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.826801

Abstract

References

  • Keskin A, Guru M, Altıparmak D. Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: effects of the additives on fuel consumption and emissions. Fuel 2007; 86:1139–43.
  • Çaynak S, Gürü M; Biçer, A, Keskin A, Içingür Y., Biodiesel production from pomace oil and improvement of its properties with synthetic manganese additive, Fuel, 88(3), 532-536, 2009.
  • Çelikten, İ., & Gürü, M. (2011). Petrodizel ve kanola biyodizeli performans ve emisyon kriterlerinin mangan esaslı katkı maddelerıyle geliştirilmesi. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 26(3).
  • Campos-Fernández, J., Arnal, J. M., Gómez, J., & Dorado, M. P. (2012). A comparison of performance of higher alcohols/diesel fuel blends in a diesel engine. Applied energy, 95, 267-275.
  • Lenin, M. A., Swaminathan, M. R., & Kumaresan, G. (2013). Performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine with a nanofuel additive. Fuel, 109, 362-365.
  • Sabet Sarvestany, N., Farzad, A., Ebrahimnia-Bajestan, E., & Mir, M. (2014). Effects of magnetic nanofluid fuel combustion on the performance and emission characteristics. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 35(12), 1745-1750.
  • Yasin, M. M., Yusaf, T., Mamat, R., & Yusop, A. F. (2014). Characterization of a diesel engine operating with a small proportion of methanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blend. Applied Energy, 114, 865-873.
  • Minja, R. J., Mlay, H., & Katima, J. H. (2015). Plant Oil/Fusel Oil Blends as Alternative Fuels in Low-and Medium Speed Diesel Engines.
  • Wang, M., Nie, K., Yun, F., Cao, H., Deng, L., Wang, F., & Tan, T. (2015). Biodiesel with low temperature properties: Enzymatic synthesis of fusel alcohol fatty acid ester in a solvent free system. Renewable energy, 83, 1020-1025.
  • Çelik, M., Solmaz, H., & Yücesu, H. S. (2015). Examination of the effects of organic based manganese fuel additive on combustion and engine performance. Fuel Processing Technology, 139, 100-107.
  • Muthaiyan, P., & Gomathinayagam, S. (2016). Combustion characteristics of a diesel engine using propanol diesel fuel blends. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 97(3), 323-329.
  • Çelik, M. (2016). Combustion, performance and exhaust emission characteristics of organic based manganese addition to cotton methyl ester. Applied Thermal Engineering, 108, 1178-1189.
  • Kryshtopa, S., Kryshtopa, L., Melnyk, V., Dolishnii, B., Prunko, I., & Demianchuk, Y. (2017). Experimental research on diesel engine working on a mixture of diesel fuel and fusel oils. Transport Problems, 12.
  • Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ali, O. M., Yusri, I. M., Abdullah, A. A., Yusop, A. F., & Noor, M. M. (2017). The effect of adding fusel oil to diesel on the performance and the emissions characteristics in a single cylinder CI engine. Journal of the energy Institute, 90(3), 382-396.
  • Emiroğlu, A. O., & Şen, M. (2018). Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of various alcohol blends in a single cylinder diesel engine. Fuel, 212, 34-40.
  • Pour, A. H., Ardebili, S. M. S., & Sheikhdavoodi, M. J. (2018). Multi-objective optimization of diesel engine performance and emissions fueled with diesel-biodiesel-fusel oil blends using response surface method. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(35), 35429-35439.
  • Rajesh Kana, S., & Shaija, A. (2020). Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using waste avocado biodiesel with manganese-doped alumina nanoparticles. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 1-8.
  • Yılmaz, E. (2019). Investigation of the effects of diesel-fusel oil fuel blends on combustion, engine performance and exhaust emissions in a single cylinder compression ignition engine. Fuel, 255, 115741.
  • Yusri, I. M., Mamat, R., Akasyah, M. K., Jamlos, M. F., & Yusop, A. F. (2019). Evaluation of engine combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics using diesel/butanol blended fuel. Applied Thermal Engineering, 156, 209-219.
  • Ahmed, A. H., Ali, O. M., Mohammed, A. E., Daoud, R. W., & Ibrahim, T. K. (2019, May). Enhancement of engine performance with high blended diesel-biodiesel fuel using iso-butanol additive. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 518, No. 3, p. 032013). IOP Publishing.
  • Akcay, M., & Ozer, S. (2019). Experimental investigation on performance and emission characteristics of a CI diesel engine fueled with fusel oil/diesel fuel blends. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 1-16.
  • Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., & Karagöz, M. (2020). Experimental investigation of fusel oil (isoamyl alcohol) and diesel blends in a CI engine. Fuel, 267, 117042.
  • Tebas, S. D. O. G., Barañano, A. G., Pinheiro, P. F., & Lacerda Júnior, V. (2020). Mild conditions in the transesterification reaction of babassu oil and purified fusel oil. Chemical Engineering Communications, 1-9.
  • Monroe, E., Shinde, S., Carlson, J. S., Eckles, T. P., Liu, F., Varman, A. M., ... & Davis, R. W. (2020). Superior performance biodiesel from biomass-derived fusel alcohols and low grade oils: Fatty acid fusel esters (FAFE). Fuel, 268, 117408.
  • Bayraktar, H. (2008). An experimental study on the performance parameters of an experimental CI engine fueled with diesel–methanol–dodecanol blends. Fuel, 87(2), 158-164.
  • ÖZER, S. Ham Pirina Yağından Biyodizel Üretiminde Alkol Olarak Fuzel Yağı Kullanımı. (2018), Gazi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 2018, 4(2): 136-143.
  • Tuter, M., Akdere, C., Yerlikaya, C., & Sirkecioğlu, A. (2011). The Evaluation of Fusel Oil Fraction for Lipase Catalyzed Alcoholysis of Hazelnut Oil. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 33(6), 521-528.
  • Guo, Z., Li, T., Dong, J., Chen, R., Xue, P., & Wei, X. (2011). Combustion and emission characteristics of blends of diesel fuel and methanol-to-diesel. Fuel, 90(3), 1305-1308.
  • Yilmaz, N., & Sanchez, T. M. (2012). Analysis of operating a diesel engine on biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-methanol blends. Energy, 46(1), 126-129.
  • Datta, A., & Mandal, B. K. (2016). Impact of alcohol addition to diesel on the performance combustion and emissions of a compression ignition engine. Applied thermal engineering, 98, 670-682.
  • Yilmaz, N., & Atmanli, A. (2017). Experimental evaluation of a diesel engine running on the blends of diesel and pentanol as a next generation higher alcohol. Fuel, 210, 75-82.
  • Mofijur, M., Rasul, M. G., & Hyde, J. (2015). Recent developments on internal combustion engine performance and emissions fuelled with biodiesel-diesel-ethanol blends. Procedia Engineering, 105, 658-664.
  • Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D. (2008). Influence of tall oil biodiesel with Mg and Mo based fuel additives on diesel engine performance and emission. Bioresource technology, 99(14), 6434-6438.
  • Nour, M., Attia, A. M., & Nada, S. A. (2019). Improvement of CI engine combustion and performance running on ternary blends of higher alcohol (Pentanol and Octanol) /hydrous ethanol/diesel. Fuel, 251, 10-22.
  • Gürü, M., Koca, A., Can, Ö., Çınar, C., & Şahin, F. (2010). Biodiesel production from waste chicken fat based sources and evaluation with Mg based additive in a diesel engine. Renewable Energy, 35(3), 637-643.
  • Ardebili, S. M. S., Taghipoor, A., Solmaz, H., & Mostafaei, M. (2020). The effect of nano-biochar on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with fusel oil-diesel fuel. Fuel, 268, 117356.
  • Li, X., Guan, C., Yang, K., Cheung, C. S., & Huang, Z. (2019). Impact of lower and higher alcohol additions to diesel on the combustion and emissions of a direct-injection diesel engine. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(20), 21001-21012.
  • Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., & Albayrak, S. (2019). Experimental investigation of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel–biodiesel–alcohol blends. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 41(9), 389.
  • Calam, A., İçingür, Y., Solmaz, H., & Yamık, H. (2015). A comparison of engine performance and the emission of fusel oil and gasoline mixtures at different ignition timings. International journal of green energy, 12(8), 767-772.
  • Abdalla, A. N., Awad, O. I., Tao, H., Ibrahim, T. K., Mamat, R., & Hammid, A. T. (2019). Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with fusel oil that a potential using as an octane enhancer. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 41(8), 931-947.
  • Solmaz, H. (2015). Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of fusel oil in a spark ignition engine. Fuel Processing Technology, 133, 20-28.
  • Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ibrahim, T. K., Kettner, M., Kadirgama, K., Leman, A. M., & Saiful, A. I. M. (2018). Effects of fusel oil water content reduction on fuel properties, performance and emissions of SI engine fueled with gasoline-fusel oil blends. Renewable energy, 118, 858-869.
  • Calam, A., Aydoğan, B., & Halis, S. (2020). The comparison of combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of ethanol, methanol, fusel oil, butanol, isopropanol and naphtha with n-heptane blends on HCCI engine. Fuel, 266, 117071.
  • Simsek, S., & Ozdalyan, B. (2018). Improvements to the composition of fusel oil and analysis of the effects of fusel oil–gasoline blends on a spark-ignited (SI) engine’s performance and emissions. Energies, 11(3), 625.
  • Ali OM, Mamat R, Faizal CKM. 2013 Review of the effects of additives on biodiesel properties, performance, and emission features. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy; 5: 012701.
  • Zhu L, Cheung C, Zhang W, Huang Z. Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:914–21.
  • Gürü, M., Karakaya, U., Altıparmak, D., & Alıcılar, A. (2002). Improvement of diesel fuel properties by using additives. Energy conversion and Management, 43(8), 1021-1025.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Süleyman Üstün 0000-0001-8349-1236

Publication Date May 24, 2021
Submission Date November 16, 2020
Acceptance Date February 14, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 36 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Üstün, S. (2021). Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(3), 1515-1530. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.826801
AMA Üstün S. Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması. GUMMFD. May 2021;36(3):1515-1530. doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.826801
Chicago Üstün, Süleyman. “Atık Fuzel yağı-Motorin karışımı içerisine Organik Esaslı Mangan Ilavesinin Motor Performansı Ve Emisyon Karakteristiklerinin araştırılması”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 36, no. 3 (May 2021): 1515-30. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.826801.
EndNote Üstün S (May 1, 2021) Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 36 3 1515–1530.
IEEE S. Üstün, “Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması”, GUMMFD, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 1515–1530, 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.826801.
ISNAD Üstün, Süleyman. “Atık Fuzel yağı-Motorin karışımı içerisine Organik Esaslı Mangan Ilavesinin Motor Performansı Ve Emisyon Karakteristiklerinin araştırılması”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 36/3 (May 2021), 1515-1530. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.826801.
JAMA Üstün S. Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması. GUMMFD. 2021;36:1515–1530.
MLA Üstün, Süleyman. “Atık Fuzel yağı-Motorin karışımı içerisine Organik Esaslı Mangan Ilavesinin Motor Performansı Ve Emisyon Karakteristiklerinin araştırılması”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 36, no. 3, 2021, pp. 1515-30, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.826801.
Vancouver Üstün S. Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması. GUMMFD. 2021;36(3):1515-30.