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Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu

Year 2022, Volume: 37 Issue: 1, 407 - 422, 10.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.912640

Abstract

Grafen(GrF) katkılı elastomer esaslı basınç sensörleri (PgS) iki aşamada elde edilmiştir. Bu malzemeler SEM cihazında analiz edilerek dolgu malzemelerinin dağılımı ile direnç arasındaki etkileşimi incelenmiştir. PgS’lere, farklı deplasman değerleri için çevrimli yüklemeler uygulanarak, numunelerin iç yapısına bağlı direnç değerlerinde oluşan değişiklikler gözlemlendi. Matris içindeki iletken dolgu malzemesinin yüzey alanı, mekanik özellikleri ve dağılım şekli PgS’lerin iletkenliğini belirlemektedir. Basınç-Direnç ilişkisine bağlı olarak dirençteki azalma ve iletkenlikteki artış, 3 mm sıkıştırmada daha yüksektir. GrF katkılı PgS’lerin direnç değişimi yükün bir fonksiyonu olarak değişkenlik göstermektedir.. Uygulanan kuvvet artışı ile bir miktar direnç artsa da, yükün dolgu malzemesine aktarılması sonucu direnç düşme eğilimindedir. PgS’lere, 1mm, 2mm ve 3mm’lik deplasmanlarda çevrimli yükleme-boşaltma testleri yapılmış, sırasıyla 85 N, 273 N ve 805 N sıkıştırma kuvvetleri elde edilmiştir. En yüksek direnç değeri 3 mm sıkıştırma sonucunda 5,29Ex06 Ω olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda PgS’nin bu eşsiz özelliğinden yararlanarak hava süspansiyon körüklerinin ikincil süspansiyon elemanı olan sönümleme takozu üzerine uygulaması ile yaptığımız testlerde, körüğün çalışma şartları ile ilgili tahminler yapılmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Pega Otomotiv San. Ve Tic. A.Ş

Project Number

-

Thanks

Yapılan çalışmalarda laboratuvar olanaklarından yararlanmamızı sağlayan Pega Otomotiv A.Ş. firmasına teşekkür ederiz..

References

  • Wu W, Wen X, Wang, Z. L. Taxel-Addressable Matrix of VerticalNanowire Piezotronic Transistors for Active and Adaptive Tactile Imaging, Science, 340(6135), 952–957, 2013.
  • Zang Y, Zhang F, Di C, Zhu D, Advances of flexible pressure sensors toward artificial intelligence and health care applications, Material Horizons,2,140-156, 2015.
  • Liu W, Huang Y, Peng Y, Walczak M, Wang D, Chen Q,Liu Z, Li L.Stable Wearable Strain Sensors on Textiles by Direct Laser Writing of Graphene. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 3(1), 283–293, 2020.
  • Tian H, Shu Y, Wang XF, Mohammad MA, Bie Z, Xie QY, Li C, Mi WT, Yang Y, Ren TL, A Graphene-Based Resistive Pressure Sensor with Record-High Sensitivity in a Wide Pressure Range. Scientific Reports 5, 8603,2015.
  • Lv B. , Chen X. ,Liui C A Highly Sensitive Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole@Polyurethane Sponge. Sensors 20(4), 1219,2020.
  • Zheng W, Wong S.C. Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of PMMA/expanded Graphite composites, Composite Tech. And Sci. 63(2):225-235,2003.
  • Duan L, Fu S, Deng H, Zhang Q, Wang K, Chen F and Fu Q. The resistivity–strain behavior of conductive polymer composites: stability and sensitivity. J. Mater. Chem. A, , 2, 17085–17098, 2014.
  • Li J, Fang L. , Sun B. , Li X. Kang SH. , Recent Progress in Flexible and Stretchable Piezoresistive Sensors and Their Applications. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 167(3),2020.
  • Mittal G. , Dhand V. , Rhee, K. Y. , Park, S. J. , & Lee, W. R. (2015). A review on carbon nanotubes and graphene as fillers in reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 21, 11-25,2015.
  • Rybinski P. , Anyszka R, Imiela M, Sicinski M, Gozdek T. , Effect of modified Graphene and carbon nanotubes on the thermal properties and flammability of elastomeric materials. J Therm Anal Calorim 127:2383–2396,2017.
  • Bhattacharya M, Polymer Nanocomposites—A Comparison between Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Clay as Nanofillers. Materials 9, 262,2019.
  • Demir Ç, Akgöz B, Erdinç M.C. , Mercan K, Civalek Ö. Free vibration analysis of graphene sheets on elastic matrix. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 32(2) ,551-562,2017.
  • Şentürk A.Ş., Oktem A.S.,Konukman A.Ş., Investigation of the effects of nitrogen doping within different sites of Stone-Wales defects on the mechanical properties of graphene by using a molecular dynamics simulation method, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 34(1),69-78,2018.
  • Yan C. , Wang J. , Kang W. , Cui M. , Wang X. , Foo C.Y. , Chee K.J.,Lee P.S., Highly stretchable piezoresistive, Graphene–nanocellulose nanopaper for strain sensors, Adv. Mater. 26 (13), 2022–2027,2014.
  • Scaffaro R. , Maio A. , Lo Re G. Parisi A. , & Busacca, A. Advanced piezoresistive sensor achieved by amphiphilic nanointerfaces of graphene oxide and biodegradable polymer blends. Composite Science and Technology, 156, 166-176,2018.
  • Sheng Y, Liang, L. Jiang, Q. Wang, T. Wei, L. Qu, Z. Bubble-Decorated Honeycomb-Like Graphene Film as Ultrahigh Sensitivity Pressure Sensors Fan Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(41),6545-6551,2015.
  • Yue Z, Ye X,Liu X,Zhu Y, Jiang H, Wan Z, Lin Y, Jia C. Towards ultra-wide operation range and high sensitivity: Graphene film based pressure sensors for fingertips. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 139:111296,2019.
  • Kasim H, Demir B. Investigation of electrical propertiesof hybrid nanocomposites containing different fillers on pressure sensor applications under different loading, Journal of Composite Materials. 0(0) 1–9,24 Jan 2021.
  • Khan U.A., Li CY, Siddiqui N.A., Kim J.K, “Vibration damping characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced composites containing multi walled carbon nanotubes.’’ Composites Science and Technology.1486:1494-1487,2011.
  • Shivakumar H. , Renukappa N. , Shivakumar K. ,Suresha B.The Reinforcing Effect of Graphene on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Epoxy Composites. Open Journal of Composite Materials, 10, 27-44,2020.
  • Uğuz A, Penekli U, Determination of mechanical behavior of metal-rubber compound pulley part, finite element analysis and verification with tests, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 35(4), 2113-2123,2020.

Mechanical and electrical characterization of elastomer based pressure sensors containing graphene filler material under cycled load.

Year 2022, Volume: 37 Issue: 1, 407 - 422, 10.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.912640

Abstract

Graphene (GrF) doped elastomer based pressure sensors (PgS) were obtained in two stages. These materials were analyzed in the SEM device and the interaction between the distribution of filler materials and the resistance was examined. By applying cyclic loads for different displacement values to PgS, changes in resistance values due to the internal structure of the samples were observed. The surface area, mechanical properties and distribution shape of the conductive filler material in the matrix determine the conductivity of PgS. The decrease in resistance and increase in conductivity due to the pressure-resistance relationship is higher at 3 mm compression. The resistance change of GrF doped PgS varies as a function of the load. Although some resistance increases with the increase in force, the resistance tends to decrease as a result of the transfer of the load to the filler material. Cyclic loading-unloading tests were performed on PgS at 1mm, 2mm and 3mm displacements, and compression forces of 85 N, 273 N and 805 N were obtained, respectively. The highest resistance value was determined as 5.29Ex06 Ω after 3 mm compression. In our study, by making use of this unique feature of PgS, in the tests we made with the application of air suspension bellows on the damping bumper, which is the secondary suspension element, estimates were made about the working conditions of the bellows.

Project Number

-

References

  • Wu W, Wen X, Wang, Z. L. Taxel-Addressable Matrix of VerticalNanowire Piezotronic Transistors for Active and Adaptive Tactile Imaging, Science, 340(6135), 952–957, 2013.
  • Zang Y, Zhang F, Di C, Zhu D, Advances of flexible pressure sensors toward artificial intelligence and health care applications, Material Horizons,2,140-156, 2015.
  • Liu W, Huang Y, Peng Y, Walczak M, Wang D, Chen Q,Liu Z, Li L.Stable Wearable Strain Sensors on Textiles by Direct Laser Writing of Graphene. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 3(1), 283–293, 2020.
  • Tian H, Shu Y, Wang XF, Mohammad MA, Bie Z, Xie QY, Li C, Mi WT, Yang Y, Ren TL, A Graphene-Based Resistive Pressure Sensor with Record-High Sensitivity in a Wide Pressure Range. Scientific Reports 5, 8603,2015.
  • Lv B. , Chen X. ,Liui C A Highly Sensitive Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole@Polyurethane Sponge. Sensors 20(4), 1219,2020.
  • Zheng W, Wong S.C. Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of PMMA/expanded Graphite composites, Composite Tech. And Sci. 63(2):225-235,2003.
  • Duan L, Fu S, Deng H, Zhang Q, Wang K, Chen F and Fu Q. The resistivity–strain behavior of conductive polymer composites: stability and sensitivity. J. Mater. Chem. A, , 2, 17085–17098, 2014.
  • Li J, Fang L. , Sun B. , Li X. Kang SH. , Recent Progress in Flexible and Stretchable Piezoresistive Sensors and Their Applications. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 167(3),2020.
  • Mittal G. , Dhand V. , Rhee, K. Y. , Park, S. J. , & Lee, W. R. (2015). A review on carbon nanotubes and graphene as fillers in reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 21, 11-25,2015.
  • Rybinski P. , Anyszka R, Imiela M, Sicinski M, Gozdek T. , Effect of modified Graphene and carbon nanotubes on the thermal properties and flammability of elastomeric materials. J Therm Anal Calorim 127:2383–2396,2017.
  • Bhattacharya M, Polymer Nanocomposites—A Comparison between Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Clay as Nanofillers. Materials 9, 262,2019.
  • Demir Ç, Akgöz B, Erdinç M.C. , Mercan K, Civalek Ö. Free vibration analysis of graphene sheets on elastic matrix. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 32(2) ,551-562,2017.
  • Şentürk A.Ş., Oktem A.S.,Konukman A.Ş., Investigation of the effects of nitrogen doping within different sites of Stone-Wales defects on the mechanical properties of graphene by using a molecular dynamics simulation method, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 34(1),69-78,2018.
  • Yan C. , Wang J. , Kang W. , Cui M. , Wang X. , Foo C.Y. , Chee K.J.,Lee P.S., Highly stretchable piezoresistive, Graphene–nanocellulose nanopaper for strain sensors, Adv. Mater. 26 (13), 2022–2027,2014.
  • Scaffaro R. , Maio A. , Lo Re G. Parisi A. , & Busacca, A. Advanced piezoresistive sensor achieved by amphiphilic nanointerfaces of graphene oxide and biodegradable polymer blends. Composite Science and Technology, 156, 166-176,2018.
  • Sheng Y, Liang, L. Jiang, Q. Wang, T. Wei, L. Qu, Z. Bubble-Decorated Honeycomb-Like Graphene Film as Ultrahigh Sensitivity Pressure Sensors Fan Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(41),6545-6551,2015.
  • Yue Z, Ye X,Liu X,Zhu Y, Jiang H, Wan Z, Lin Y, Jia C. Towards ultra-wide operation range and high sensitivity: Graphene film based pressure sensors for fingertips. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 139:111296,2019.
  • Kasim H, Demir B. Investigation of electrical propertiesof hybrid nanocomposites containing different fillers on pressure sensor applications under different loading, Journal of Composite Materials. 0(0) 1–9,24 Jan 2021.
  • Khan U.A., Li CY, Siddiqui N.A., Kim J.K, “Vibration damping characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced composites containing multi walled carbon nanotubes.’’ Composites Science and Technology.1486:1494-1487,2011.
  • Shivakumar H. , Renukappa N. , Shivakumar K. ,Suresha B.The Reinforcing Effect of Graphene on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Epoxy Composites. Open Journal of Composite Materials, 10, 27-44,2020.
  • Uğuz A, Penekli U, Determination of mechanical behavior of metal-rubber compound pulley part, finite element analysis and verification with tests, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 35(4), 2113-2123,2020.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Hasan Kasım 0000-0002-3024-5207

Büşra Demir 0000-0002-4532-0855

Project Number -
Publication Date November 10, 2021
Submission Date April 9, 2021
Acceptance Date June 13, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 37 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kasım, H., & Demir, B. (2021). Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 407-422. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.912640
AMA Kasım H, Demir B. Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu. GUMMFD. November 2021;37(1):407-422. doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.912640
Chicago Kasım, Hasan, and Büşra Demir. “Grafen Dolgu Malzemesi içeren Elastomer Esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında Mekanik Ve Elektriksel Karakterizasyonu”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 37, no. 1 (November 2021): 407-22. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.912640.
EndNote Kasım H, Demir B (November 1, 2021) Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 37 1 407–422.
IEEE H. Kasım and B. Demir, “Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu”, GUMMFD, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 407–422, 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.912640.
ISNAD Kasım, Hasan - Demir, Büşra. “Grafen Dolgu Malzemesi içeren Elastomer Esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında Mekanik Ve Elektriksel Karakterizasyonu”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 37/1 (November 2021), 407-422. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.912640.
JAMA Kasım H, Demir B. Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu. GUMMFD. 2021;37:407–422.
MLA Kasım, Hasan and Büşra Demir. “Grafen Dolgu Malzemesi içeren Elastomer Esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında Mekanik Ve Elektriksel Karakterizasyonu”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 37, no. 1, 2021, pp. 407-22, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.912640.
Vancouver Kasım H, Demir B. Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu. GUMMFD. 2021;37(1):407-22.