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BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 0 - , 20.02.2013

Öz

Bu çalışmada standart bir demir-esaslı Toz Metal (TM) bakır çeliğinin (FC-0208) diğer TM proses parametrelerisabit tutularak, içerisindeki bakır oranı % 1-4 arasında 4 farklı kademede artırılarak üretimi yapılmış ve bunumuneler üzerinde delik delme talaşlı imalat testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan testlerde her bir malzemegrubunun işlenmesi esnasında oluşan itme-ilerleme kuvveti, takım aşınması ve deliklerin yüzey pürüzlülüğüölçülmüş, ayrıca talaş morfolojisini incelemek için optik fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı; artan bakıroranının, TM tekniğiyle üretilen bu malzemelerin talaşlı işleme sonucu oluşan takım aşınması ve onunla ilişkilitalaş oluşumuna etkisini deneysel olarak araştırmaktır. Sonuçlar, artan bakır oranının takım aşınmasını azalttığı,talaş oluşumunu iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir. Elde edilen kesme kuvveti ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü verileri de bunudestekler niteliktedir.

Kaynakça

  • Höganäs AB,. “Material and Powder Properties
  • Volume 1”, Höganäs Handbook for Sintered
  • Components, Sweden. 2004a.
  • Benner, A., Beis, P., “Wear Aspects During Gren
  • Machining of Warm Compacted PM Steels”,
  • Mat.-wiss. U. Werkstofftech, 35, no.10/11, 663-
  • , 2004.
  • Šalak, A., Selecká, M., Danninger, H.,
  • “Machinability of Powder Metallurgy Steels”, Cambridge International Science Publishing,
  • , Cambridge UK, 2005.
  • Yılmaz, N., Demir-Esaslı TM malzemelerin
  • Talaşlı İşlenebilirliği, Doktora Tezi, S.D.U. Fen
  • Bil. Enstitüsü, Isparta, 2006.
  • Agapiou, J.S., DeVries, M.F., Machinability of
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials, The International
  • Journal of Powder Metallurgy, vol. 24, no 1,
  • -57, American Powder Metallurgy Institute,
  • -
  • Armarego, E.J.A., Shi, G., Verezub, S.,
  • Modelling the Basic Cutting Action and
  • Machining Performance of Sintered Metallic
  • Materials, Machining Science and Technology, 5
  • (3), 353-373, Marcel Dekker Inc., 2001.
  • Smith, G.T., Surface Integrity aspect of
  • Machinability Testing of Fe-C-Cu Powder
  • Metallurgy Components, Powder Metallurgy,
  • Vol. 33, No. 2, 157-164, 1990a.
  • Smith, G.T., The Machining of P/M Components
  • in a Flexible manufacturing Environment.
  • Proceedings of World Conference on Powder
  • Metallurgy, Vol.1, Wembley Conference
  • Centre, London, 2-6 July, 1990b.
  • Mazilu, D., Craciunoiu, N., Cialacu, F.G., “On
  • the Cutting Forces and Tool Wear for some
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials”, Proceedings of
  • the SECTAM-XX., April 16-18, Callaway
  • Gardens, Pine Mountain, GA, 2000.
  • Romero, A., Vivancos, J., Sierra, C., Prado, J.M.,
  • “Rapid Characterisation of Machinability on PM
  • Steel Parts”, PM World Congress Proceedings,
  • Post Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998.
  • Roy, L.G., de Rege, A.F., Pease, L.F., 1988, “
  • Relationship Between Machinability and Strength
  • in a Prealloyed Manganese Sulfide Sintered
  • Material”, Proceedings of Int. PM Conference,
  • Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to Improve Machinability,
  • APMI.
  • Beis, P., Jager, H-J., Kutsch, U., “Heat Balance
  • During Drilling of a Sintered Stainless Steel”,
  • PM World Congress Proc., Post Sintering,
  • EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Causton, R.J., Schade, C., Machinability:A
  • Material Property or Process Response, P/M2
  • TEC 2003 World Congress, Las Vegas, 2003.
  • Kutsch, U., Beis, P., Jager, J-J., “Effect of
  • Density on Mechanical Properties, Thermal
  • Conductivity and Machinability of Sintered
  • Stainless Steels”, European Conference on
  • Advances in Structural PM Component
  • Production-Finishing, Munich-Germany,
  • October 15-17, EPMA, 1997.
  • Fulmer, J.J., Blanton, M.J., “The Effect of
  • Microstructure on the Machinability of an MPIF
  • FC-0208 Copper Steel” , PM
  • Conference&Exhibition, 4, APMI, 1992.
  • Nigarura, S., L’esperance, G., Roy, L,G., de
  • Rege, A., Pease, L, F., “The Influence of Powder
  • Processing on The Nature of Inclusions and Its
  • Relation to The Machinability of MnS Prealloyed
  • P/M Parts”, Proceedings of The PM Conference
  • & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary Operations,
  • Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Gülsoy, H. Ö., Uçar, M., Özcan, E., “Fe-Cu-C
  • Kompaktlarına Katılan İlave C Miktarının
  • İşlenebilirlik Özelliklerine Etkisi”, Uluslarası
  • katılımlı 2.Ulusal Toz Met. Konf. Bildiriler
  • Kitabı, s. 475-481, 15-17 Eylül 1999, ODTÜ,
  • ANKARA, 1999.
  • Hultman, L., Thoors, H., Sten, B., Influence of
  • machining Parameters on the Machinability of
  • Sintered Steels, P/M2 TEC’96 World Congress,
  • Washington, 1996
  • Gagné, M., Danaher, A., Influence of Drilling
  • Parameters on the Machinability of P/M
  • Materials, P/M2 TEC 1998 World Congress,
  • Las Vegas, 1998.
  • Engström, U., “Machinability of Sintered Steels”,
  • Pov. Met., 26 (3), 137-143, 1983.
  • Chopra, K.S., “Manganese Sulfide in Machining
  • Grade Ferrous P/M Alloys”, Proceedings of Int.
  • PM Conference, Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to
  • Improve Machinability, APMI, 1988.
  • Poirer, J.P., Gagne, M., “A New Approach to
  • Improve Machinability of High Strength PM
  • Parts”, Metal Powder Report, Vol. 45, No.3,
  • -186, 1990.
  • Ambs, H.D., “Machinability Studies on Sintered
  • Stainless Steels”, Proceedings of the 1991
  • Conference &Exhibition Vol.3, Advances in
  • PM, APMI, 1991.
  • Madan, D.S., “Effect of Manganese Sulfide
  • (MnS) on Properties of High Performance P/M
  • Alloys and Applications”, Proceedings of The
  • PM Conference & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary
  • Operations, Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Chen, Y.T., Baudisch, R., Ceci, L. and Kiefer,
  • R., “Free-Machining P/M Alloy Optimization
  • using Statistical Analytical Techniques-The
  • Effect of MnS Content and Particle Size”,
  • Proceedings of The PM Conference &
  • Exhibition, v.4, Secondary Operations, Quality
  • and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Madan, D.S., “Effect of Manganese Sulfide
  • (MnS) on Properties of High Performance P/M
  • Alloys and Applications”, Proceedings of The
  • PM Conference & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary
  • Operations, Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Causton, R:J., Machinability of P/M Steels,
  • Proceedings of Int. Conf. On P/M and
  • Particulate Materials, Seattle, Washington, US,
  • -
  • Romero, A., Vivancos, J., Sierra, C., Prado, J.M.,
  • “Rapid Characterisation of Machinability on PM
  • Steel Parts”, PM World Congress Proceedings,
  • Post Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998
  • Blais, C., L’Espérance, G., Bourgeois.,
  • Characterisation of Machinability of Sintered
  • Steels During Drilling Operations, Pow. Metal.,
  • Vol.44, No1, 67-75, 2001 .
  • Causton, R.J., Role of Additives in PM
  • Machining, P/M2 TEC 2002 World Congress
  • on PM and Particulate Materials, June 16-21,
  • Orlando, Florida, 2002.
  • Srivastava, A.K., “An Experimental Investigation
  • on the Machinability of Powder Metal Steels”,
  • Int. J. Precision Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 11-
  • , 2007.
  • Johansson, R., “ Different Methods To Improve
  • of High Strength Sintered Steels”, Proceedings
  • of Int. PM Conference, Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to
  • Improve Machinability, APMI, 1988.
  • Chagon, F., Gagne, M., “Machining Sinter
  • Hardenable PM Materials”, PM World
  • Congress Proceedings, Post Sintering, EPMA,
  • October 18-22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Cimino, T.M., Luk, S.H., Machinability
  • Evaluation of Selected High Gren Strength P/M
  • Materials, P/M2 TEC World Congress on PM
  • and Particulate Materials, May 14-17, Seattle,
  • Washington USA, 1995.
  • Causton, R:J., Machinability of P/M Steels,
  • Proceedings of Int. Conf. On P/M and
  • Particulate Materials, Seattle, Washington,
  • USA, 1995.
  • Gagne, M., Chagnon, F., Enhancing the
  • Machinability of Powder Forged Components.
  • PM World Congress Proceedings, Post
  • Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998.
  • Chagnon, F., Tremblay, L., St-Laurent, S.,
  • Gagné, M., Improving Gren Strength to Enable
  • Gren Machining, SAE, Technical Paper, 01-
  • , 1999.
  • Benner, A., Beis, P., Wear Aspects During Gren
  • Machining of Warm Compacted PM Steels,
  • Mat.-wiss. U. Werkstofftech, 35, no.10/11, 663-
  • , 2004.
  • Vaccari, J., “Improving Machinability of PM
  • Parts”, Machine Shop Guide Web Archive,
  • March, 2000.
  • Berg, S., Machinability of Sintered Steels:
  • Guidelines for Turning, Drilling and Tapping.
  • International Conferences on Advances in
  • Powder Metallurgy &Particulate Metarials,
  • Proceedings, Vol. 2, MPIF/APMI, Chicago,
  • USA, 1997.
  • Berg, S., Thorndenberg, H., “Cutting Data
  • Recommendations for Turning ofVarious PM
  • Materials using Different Tool Grade and
  • Geometry Selections”, PM World Congress
  • Proceedings, Post Sintering, EPMA, October
  • -22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Höganäs AB, Machining Guidelines Volume 5.
  • Höganäs Handbook for Sintered Components,
  • Sweden, 2004b.
  • MPIF Standart 35, Materials Standarts for P/M
  • Structural Parts. Metal Powder Industries
  • Federation, Princeton, NJ., USA, 2000.
  • ASM Metals Handbook, Powder Metal
  • Technologies and Applications Volume 7. ASM
  • International, 1146. USA, 1998.
  • Mazilu, D., Craciunoiu, N., Cialacu, F.G., “On
  • the Cutting Forces and Tool Wear for some
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials”, Proceedings of
  • the SECTAM-XX., April 16-18, Callaway
  • Gardens, Pine Mountain, GA, 2000.
  • Chawla, N., Deng, X., Microstructure and
  • Mechanical Behavior of Sintered Steels.
  • Materials Science & Engineering A, 390, 98-
  • , 2005.
  • German, R.M., Powder Metalurgy Science,
  • MPIF, 278. USA, 1984.
  • Brânduşan, L., Researches Regarding the
  • Influence of Cu Content on Static and Dynamic
  • Properties of Sintered Steels. Leonardo
  • Electronic Journal of Practices and
  • Technologies, ISSN 1583-1078, Issue 4,
  • January-June, 30-37, 2004.
  • Oxley, P.L.B., The Mechanics of Machining:
  • An Analytical Approach to Assessing
  • Machinability, Ellis Horwood Limited, England,
  • -
Yıl 2011, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 0 - , 20.02.2013

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Höganäs AB,. “Material and Powder Properties
  • Volume 1”, Höganäs Handbook for Sintered
  • Components, Sweden. 2004a.
  • Benner, A., Beis, P., “Wear Aspects During Gren
  • Machining of Warm Compacted PM Steels”,
  • Mat.-wiss. U. Werkstofftech, 35, no.10/11, 663-
  • , 2004.
  • Šalak, A., Selecká, M., Danninger, H.,
  • “Machinability of Powder Metallurgy Steels”, Cambridge International Science Publishing,
  • , Cambridge UK, 2005.
  • Yılmaz, N., Demir-Esaslı TM malzemelerin
  • Talaşlı İşlenebilirliği, Doktora Tezi, S.D.U. Fen
  • Bil. Enstitüsü, Isparta, 2006.
  • Agapiou, J.S., DeVries, M.F., Machinability of
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials, The International
  • Journal of Powder Metallurgy, vol. 24, no 1,
  • -57, American Powder Metallurgy Institute,
  • -
  • Armarego, E.J.A., Shi, G., Verezub, S.,
  • Modelling the Basic Cutting Action and
  • Machining Performance of Sintered Metallic
  • Materials, Machining Science and Technology, 5
  • (3), 353-373, Marcel Dekker Inc., 2001.
  • Smith, G.T., Surface Integrity aspect of
  • Machinability Testing of Fe-C-Cu Powder
  • Metallurgy Components, Powder Metallurgy,
  • Vol. 33, No. 2, 157-164, 1990a.
  • Smith, G.T., The Machining of P/M Components
  • in a Flexible manufacturing Environment.
  • Proceedings of World Conference on Powder
  • Metallurgy, Vol.1, Wembley Conference
  • Centre, London, 2-6 July, 1990b.
  • Mazilu, D., Craciunoiu, N., Cialacu, F.G., “On
  • the Cutting Forces and Tool Wear for some
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials”, Proceedings of
  • the SECTAM-XX., April 16-18, Callaway
  • Gardens, Pine Mountain, GA, 2000.
  • Romero, A., Vivancos, J., Sierra, C., Prado, J.M.,
  • “Rapid Characterisation of Machinability on PM
  • Steel Parts”, PM World Congress Proceedings,
  • Post Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998.
  • Roy, L.G., de Rege, A.F., Pease, L.F., 1988, “
  • Relationship Between Machinability and Strength
  • in a Prealloyed Manganese Sulfide Sintered
  • Material”, Proceedings of Int. PM Conference,
  • Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to Improve Machinability,
  • APMI.
  • Beis, P., Jager, H-J., Kutsch, U., “Heat Balance
  • During Drilling of a Sintered Stainless Steel”,
  • PM World Congress Proc., Post Sintering,
  • EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Causton, R.J., Schade, C., Machinability:A
  • Material Property or Process Response, P/M2
  • TEC 2003 World Congress, Las Vegas, 2003.
  • Kutsch, U., Beis, P., Jager, J-J., “Effect of
  • Density on Mechanical Properties, Thermal
  • Conductivity and Machinability of Sintered
  • Stainless Steels”, European Conference on
  • Advances in Structural PM Component
  • Production-Finishing, Munich-Germany,
  • October 15-17, EPMA, 1997.
  • Fulmer, J.J., Blanton, M.J., “The Effect of
  • Microstructure on the Machinability of an MPIF
  • FC-0208 Copper Steel” , PM
  • Conference&Exhibition, 4, APMI, 1992.
  • Nigarura, S., L’esperance, G., Roy, L,G., de
  • Rege, A., Pease, L, F., “The Influence of Powder
  • Processing on The Nature of Inclusions and Its
  • Relation to The Machinability of MnS Prealloyed
  • P/M Parts”, Proceedings of The PM Conference
  • & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary Operations,
  • Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Gülsoy, H. Ö., Uçar, M., Özcan, E., “Fe-Cu-C
  • Kompaktlarına Katılan İlave C Miktarının
  • İşlenebilirlik Özelliklerine Etkisi”, Uluslarası
  • katılımlı 2.Ulusal Toz Met. Konf. Bildiriler
  • Kitabı, s. 475-481, 15-17 Eylül 1999, ODTÜ,
  • ANKARA, 1999.
  • Hultman, L., Thoors, H., Sten, B., Influence of
  • machining Parameters on the Machinability of
  • Sintered Steels, P/M2 TEC’96 World Congress,
  • Washington, 1996
  • Gagné, M., Danaher, A., Influence of Drilling
  • Parameters on the Machinability of P/M
  • Materials, P/M2 TEC 1998 World Congress,
  • Las Vegas, 1998.
  • Engström, U., “Machinability of Sintered Steels”,
  • Pov. Met., 26 (3), 137-143, 1983.
  • Chopra, K.S., “Manganese Sulfide in Machining
  • Grade Ferrous P/M Alloys”, Proceedings of Int.
  • PM Conference, Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to
  • Improve Machinability, APMI, 1988.
  • Poirer, J.P., Gagne, M., “A New Approach to
  • Improve Machinability of High Strength PM
  • Parts”, Metal Powder Report, Vol. 45, No.3,
  • -186, 1990.
  • Ambs, H.D., “Machinability Studies on Sintered
  • Stainless Steels”, Proceedings of the 1991
  • Conference &Exhibition Vol.3, Advances in
  • PM, APMI, 1991.
  • Madan, D.S., “Effect of Manganese Sulfide
  • (MnS) on Properties of High Performance P/M
  • Alloys and Applications”, Proceedings of The
  • PM Conference & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary
  • Operations, Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Chen, Y.T., Baudisch, R., Ceci, L. and Kiefer,
  • R., “Free-Machining P/M Alloy Optimization
  • using Statistical Analytical Techniques-The
  • Effect of MnS Content and Particle Size”,
  • Proceedings of The PM Conference &
  • Exhibition, v.4, Secondary Operations, Quality
  • and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Madan, D.S., “Effect of Manganese Sulfide
  • (MnS) on Properties of High Performance P/M
  • Alloys and Applications”, Proceedings of The
  • PM Conference & Exhibition, v.4, Secondary
  • Operations, Quality and Standarts, APMI, 1992.
  • Causton, R:J., Machinability of P/M Steels,
  • Proceedings of Int. Conf. On P/M and
  • Particulate Materials, Seattle, Washington, US,
  • -
  • Romero, A., Vivancos, J., Sierra, C., Prado, J.M.,
  • “Rapid Characterisation of Machinability on PM
  • Steel Parts”, PM World Congress Proceedings,
  • Post Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998
  • Blais, C., L’Espérance, G., Bourgeois.,
  • Characterisation of Machinability of Sintered
  • Steels During Drilling Operations, Pow. Metal.,
  • Vol.44, No1, 67-75, 2001 .
  • Causton, R.J., Role of Additives in PM
  • Machining, P/M2 TEC 2002 World Congress
  • on PM and Particulate Materials, June 16-21,
  • Orlando, Florida, 2002.
  • Srivastava, A.K., “An Experimental Investigation
  • on the Machinability of Powder Metal Steels”,
  • Int. J. Precision Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 11-
  • , 2007.
  • Johansson, R., “ Different Methods To Improve
  • of High Strength Sintered Steels”, Proceedings
  • of Int. PM Conference, Vol. 21, Ch. 7, Steps to
  • Improve Machinability, APMI, 1988.
  • Chagon, F., Gagne, M., “Machining Sinter
  • Hardenable PM Materials”, PM World
  • Congress Proceedings, Post Sintering, EPMA,
  • October 18-22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Cimino, T.M., Luk, S.H., Machinability
  • Evaluation of Selected High Gren Strength P/M
  • Materials, P/M2 TEC World Congress on PM
  • and Particulate Materials, May 14-17, Seattle,
  • Washington USA, 1995.
  • Causton, R:J., Machinability of P/M Steels,
  • Proceedings of Int. Conf. On P/M and
  • Particulate Materials, Seattle, Washington,
  • USA, 1995.
  • Gagne, M., Chagnon, F., Enhancing the
  • Machinability of Powder Forged Components.
  • PM World Congress Proceedings, Post
  • Sintering, EPMA, October 18-22, Granada-
  • Spain, 1998.
  • Chagnon, F., Tremblay, L., St-Laurent, S.,
  • Gagné, M., Improving Gren Strength to Enable
  • Gren Machining, SAE, Technical Paper, 01-
  • , 1999.
  • Benner, A., Beis, P., Wear Aspects During Gren
  • Machining of Warm Compacted PM Steels,
  • Mat.-wiss. U. Werkstofftech, 35, no.10/11, 663-
  • , 2004.
  • Vaccari, J., “Improving Machinability of PM
  • Parts”, Machine Shop Guide Web Archive,
  • March, 2000.
  • Berg, S., Machinability of Sintered Steels:
  • Guidelines for Turning, Drilling and Tapping.
  • International Conferences on Advances in
  • Powder Metallurgy &Particulate Metarials,
  • Proceedings, Vol. 2, MPIF/APMI, Chicago,
  • USA, 1997.
  • Berg, S., Thorndenberg, H., “Cutting Data
  • Recommendations for Turning ofVarious PM
  • Materials using Different Tool Grade and
  • Geometry Selections”, PM World Congress
  • Proceedings, Post Sintering, EPMA, October
  • -22, Granada-Spain, 1998.
  • Höganäs AB, Machining Guidelines Volume 5.
  • Höganäs Handbook for Sintered Components,
  • Sweden, 2004b.
  • MPIF Standart 35, Materials Standarts for P/M
  • Structural Parts. Metal Powder Industries
  • Federation, Princeton, NJ., USA, 2000.
  • ASM Metals Handbook, Powder Metal
  • Technologies and Applications Volume 7. ASM
  • International, 1146. USA, 1998.
  • Mazilu, D., Craciunoiu, N., Cialacu, F.G., “On
  • the Cutting Forces and Tool Wear for some
  • Powder Metallurgy Materials”, Proceedings of
  • the SECTAM-XX., April 16-18, Callaway
  • Gardens, Pine Mountain, GA, 2000.
  • Chawla, N., Deng, X., Microstructure and
  • Mechanical Behavior of Sintered Steels.
  • Materials Science & Engineering A, 390, 98-
  • , 2005.
  • German, R.M., Powder Metalurgy Science,
  • MPIF, 278. USA, 1984.
  • Brânduşan, L., Researches Regarding the
  • Influence of Cu Content on Static and Dynamic
  • Properties of Sintered Steels. Leonardo
  • Electronic Journal of Practices and
  • Technologies, ISSN 1583-1078, Issue 4,
  • January-June, 30-37, 2004.
  • Oxley, P.L.B., The Mechanics of Machining:
  • An Analytical Approach to Assessing
  • Machinability, Ellis Horwood Limited, England,
  • -
Toplam 214 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nihat Yılmaz Bu kişi benim

Remzi Varol Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Şubat 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Şubat 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2011 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, N., & Varol, R. (2013). BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1).
AMA Yılmaz N, Varol R. BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. GUMMFD. Mart 2013;26(1).
Chicago Yılmaz, Nihat, ve Remzi Varol. “BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26, sy. 1 (Mart 2013).
EndNote Yılmaz N, Varol R (01 Mart 2013) BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26 1
IEEE N. Yılmaz ve R. Varol, “BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI”, GUMMFD, c. 26, sy. 1, 2013.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Nihat - Varol, Remzi. “BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26/1 (Mart 2013).
JAMA Yılmaz N, Varol R. BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. GUMMFD. 2013;26.
MLA Yılmaz, Nihat ve Remzi Varol. “BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 26, sy. 1, 2013.
Vancouver Yılmaz N, Varol R. BAKIR ORANININ DEMİR-ESASLI YAPISAL TOZ METAL MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DELİNEBİLİRLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. GUMMFD. 2013;26(1).