COMPUTING RESONANT FREQUENCY OF H-SHAPED COMPACT MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS OPERATING AT UHF BAND BY USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Abstract
In this study, resonant frequency of H-shaped compact microstrip antennas (HCMA) operating at UHF band is computed by artificial neural network (ANN) based on the multilayer perceptrons (MLP). The resonant frequencies of 216 HCMA having different electrical and physical parameters are determined by simulating with the use of electromagnetic packaged software based on finite-difference time domain method (FDTD). 196 HCMA are employed for training while 20 HCMA are used for testing ANN. For training and testing, average
percentage error values are obtained as 0.68 % and 0.84 %, respectively. Furthermore to point out the validity and accuracy of ANN, simulation and measurement resonant frequency results given in the studies presented in literature, and measurement results of the HCMA designed in this study are also utilized and the average percentage error is obtained as 1.18 % and 1.20 %, respectively. The results achieved in this work illustrate that ANN based on MLP can be successfully used to determine the resonant frequency of HCMA.
Keywords
Microstrip Antenna Compact Microstrip Antenna H Shaped Compact Microstrip Antenna Resonant Frequency Artificial Neural Network Multilayer Perceptrons
References
- Sainati, R. A., CAD of Microstrip Antennas for
- Wireless Applications, Artech House, Nowood,
- MA, 1996.
- Garg R., Bhartia P., Bahl I. ve Ittipiboon A.,
- Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook,
- Londra, Artech House, 2001.
- Kumar G. ve Ray K.P., Broadband Microstrip
- Antennas, USA, Artech House, 2003.
- Sagiroglu S. ve Guney K., “Calculation of
- Resonant Frequency for an Equilateral Triangular
- Microstrip Antenna with the Use of Artificial
- Neural Networks”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt.
- , 89-93, 1997.
- Guney K. ve Gultekin S.S., “Artificial Neural
- Networks For Resonant Frequency Calculation of Rectangular Microstrip Antennas with Thin and
- Thick Substrates”, Int J Infrared Milli, Cilt 25,
- No 9, Eylül 2004.
- Turker N., Gunes F. ve Yildirim T., “Artificial
- Neural Design of Microstrip Antennas”, Turk J
- Elec Engine, Cilt 14, No 3, 2006.
- Malathi P. ve Kumar R., “On The Design of
- Multilayer Circular Microstrip Antenna using
- Artificial Neural Network”, International
- Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Cilt.
- , No 5, Kasım 2009.
- Thakare V. V. ve Singhal P., “ Microstrip
- antenna design using artificial neural networks”,
- Int J RF Microwave Computer-Aided
- Engineering, Cilt 20, 76-86, 2010.
- Tighilt Y., Bouttout F. ve Khellaf A., “Modeling
- and design of printed antennas using neural
- networks”, Int J RF Microwave Computer-
- Aided Engineering, Cilt 21, 228–233, 2011.
- Paulson M., Kundukulam S.O., Aanandan C.K.
- ve Mohanan P., “Resonance Frequencies of
- Compact Microstrip Antenna”, Electron Lett,
- Cilt 37, 1151–1153, 2001.
- Gao, S.C., Li, L. W., Leong, M. S. ve Yeo, T. S.
- “Analysis of an H-Shaped Patch Antenna by
- using FDTD Method”, Prog Electromagn Res,
- Cilt 34, 165-187, 2001.
- Sheta A.F., Mohra A. ve Mahmoud S.F., “Multiband
- Operation of a Compact H-Shaped
- Microstrip Antenna”, Microw Opt Techn Let,
- Cilt 35, 363–367, 2002.
- Deshmukh A.A. ve Kumar G., “Formulation of
- Resonant Frequency for Compact Rectangular
- Microstrip Antennas”, Microw Opt Techn Let,
- Cilt 49, 498–501, 2007.
- Bhunia S., Sarkar D. ve Biswas S., “Reduced
- Size Small Dual and Multi-frequency Microstrip Antennas”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt 50,
- –965, 2008.
- Akdagli, A. C. Ozdemir, S. Yamacli, ve C. C.
- Arcasoy, “Improved Formulas for the Resonant
- Frequencies of Dual Frequency Arrow Shaped
- Compact Microstrip Antenna”, Microwave Opt
- Technol Lett, Cilt 50, 62-65, 2008.
- Toktas A., Farksal Gelişim Algoritması
- Kullanarak H Şekilli Mikroşerit Antenlerin
- Rezonans Frekansının Hesaplanması, Yüksek
- Lisans Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri
- Enstitüsü, Mersin, Türkiye, 2009.
- Akdagli, A. ve A. Toktas, “A Novel Expression
- in Calculating Resonant Frequency of H-Shaped
- Compact Microstrip Antennas Obtained by using
- Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, J
- Electromagnet Wave, Cilt 24, No 14-15, 2049-
- , 2010
- Bhattacharyya, A. K. ve Garg, R., “A
- Generalized Transmission Line Model for
- Microstip Patches”, IEE Proc Microwave
- Antennas Propag, Cilt132, No 2, 93–98, 1985.
- Richards, W. F., Lo, Y. T. ve Harrisson, D. D.,
- “An Improved Theory for Microstrip Antennas
- and Applications” IEEE T Antenn Propag, Cilt
- , 38–46, 1981.
- Harrington, R. F., Field Computation by
- Moment Methods, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ,
- -
- Taflove, A., Computational Electrodynamics The
- Finite – Difference Time Domain Method,
- Artech House, Boston, 1995
- XFDTD, Remcom Inc., State College, PA,
- versiyon 6.0, 2008.
- Haykin S., Neural Networks: A Comprehensive
- Foundation, Macmillan College Publishing
- Company, New York, A.B.D., 1994.
UHF BANDINDA ÇALIŞAN H ŞEKİLLİ KOMPAKT MİKROŞERİT ANTENLERİN REZONANS FREKANSININ YAPAY SİNİR AĞLARI KULLANARAK HESAPLANMASI
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, UHF bandında çalışan H şekilli kompakt mikroşerit antenlerin (HKMA) rezonans frekansı, çok
katmanlı algılayıcılara (ÇKA) dayanan yapay sinir ağları (YSA) ile hesaplanmıştır. Fiziksel ve elektriksel parametreleri farklı 216 adet HKMA’nın simülasyonu, FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) yöntemini kullanan bir elektromanyetik simülasyon programı ile yapılmış ve her bir anten için rezonans frekansı değeri belirlenmiştir. Bu antenlerin 196’sı, YSA modelinin eğitilmesinde kullanılırken geriye kalan 20’si ise test edilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Oluşturulan YSA modelinde, eğitim ve test için ortalama yüzde hata değerleri, sırasıyla, % 0,68 ve % 0,84 olarak elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, YSA yapısının doğruluğunu ve geçerliliğini göstermek için, literatürde sunulan bazı çalışmalarda verilen simülasyon ve ölçüm sonuçları ile bu çalışmada tasarlanan HKMA’nın ölçüm sonuçları da test amacıyla kullanılmış ve ortalama yüzde hata değerleri, sırasıyla % 1,18 ile % 1,20 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, ÇKA’ya dayanan YSA’nın, HKMA’ların rezonans frekansının belirlenmesinde başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Keywords
Mikroşerit Anten Kompakt Mikroşerit Anten H Şekilli Kompakt Mikroşerit Anten Rezonans Frekansı Yapay Sinir Ağları Çok Katmanlı Algılayıcılar
References
- Sainati, R. A., CAD of Microstrip Antennas for
- Wireless Applications, Artech House, Nowood,
- MA, 1996.
- Garg R., Bhartia P., Bahl I. ve Ittipiboon A.,
- Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook,
- Londra, Artech House, 2001.
- Kumar G. ve Ray K.P., Broadband Microstrip
- Antennas, USA, Artech House, 2003.
- Sagiroglu S. ve Guney K., “Calculation of
- Resonant Frequency for an Equilateral Triangular
- Microstrip Antenna with the Use of Artificial
- Neural Networks”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt.
- , 89-93, 1997.
- Guney K. ve Gultekin S.S., “Artificial Neural
- Networks For Resonant Frequency Calculation of Rectangular Microstrip Antennas with Thin and
- Thick Substrates”, Int J Infrared Milli, Cilt 25,
- No 9, Eylül 2004.
- Turker N., Gunes F. ve Yildirim T., “Artificial
- Neural Design of Microstrip Antennas”, Turk J
- Elec Engine, Cilt 14, No 3, 2006.
- Malathi P. ve Kumar R., “On The Design of
- Multilayer Circular Microstrip Antenna using
- Artificial Neural Network”, International
- Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Cilt.
- , No 5, Kasım 2009.
- Thakare V. V. ve Singhal P., “ Microstrip
- antenna design using artificial neural networks”,
- Int J RF Microwave Computer-Aided
- Engineering, Cilt 20, 76-86, 2010.
- Tighilt Y., Bouttout F. ve Khellaf A., “Modeling
- and design of printed antennas using neural
- networks”, Int J RF Microwave Computer-
- Aided Engineering, Cilt 21, 228–233, 2011.
- Paulson M., Kundukulam S.O., Aanandan C.K.
- ve Mohanan P., “Resonance Frequencies of
- Compact Microstrip Antenna”, Electron Lett,
- Cilt 37, 1151–1153, 2001.
- Gao, S.C., Li, L. W., Leong, M. S. ve Yeo, T. S.
- “Analysis of an H-Shaped Patch Antenna by
- using FDTD Method”, Prog Electromagn Res,
- Cilt 34, 165-187, 2001.
- Sheta A.F., Mohra A. ve Mahmoud S.F., “Multiband
- Operation of a Compact H-Shaped
- Microstrip Antenna”, Microw Opt Techn Let,
- Cilt 35, 363–367, 2002.
- Deshmukh A.A. ve Kumar G., “Formulation of
- Resonant Frequency for Compact Rectangular
- Microstrip Antennas”, Microw Opt Techn Let,
- Cilt 49, 498–501, 2007.
- Bhunia S., Sarkar D. ve Biswas S., “Reduced
- Size Small Dual and Multi-frequency Microstrip Antennas”, Microw Opt Techn Let, Cilt 50,
- –965, 2008.
- Akdagli, A. C. Ozdemir, S. Yamacli, ve C. C.
- Arcasoy, “Improved Formulas for the Resonant
- Frequencies of Dual Frequency Arrow Shaped
- Compact Microstrip Antenna”, Microwave Opt
- Technol Lett, Cilt 50, 62-65, 2008.
- Toktas A., Farksal Gelişim Algoritması
- Kullanarak H Şekilli Mikroşerit Antenlerin
- Rezonans Frekansının Hesaplanması, Yüksek
- Lisans Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri
- Enstitüsü, Mersin, Türkiye, 2009.
- Akdagli, A. ve A. Toktas, “A Novel Expression
- in Calculating Resonant Frequency of H-Shaped
- Compact Microstrip Antennas Obtained by using
- Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, J
- Electromagnet Wave, Cilt 24, No 14-15, 2049-
- , 2010
- Bhattacharyya, A. K. ve Garg, R., “A
- Generalized Transmission Line Model for
- Microstip Patches”, IEE Proc Microwave
- Antennas Propag, Cilt132, No 2, 93–98, 1985.
- Richards, W. F., Lo, Y. T. ve Harrisson, D. D.,
- “An Improved Theory for Microstrip Antennas
- and Applications” IEEE T Antenn Propag, Cilt
- , 38–46, 1981.
- Harrington, R. F., Field Computation by
- Moment Methods, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ,
- -
- Taflove, A., Computational Electrodynamics The
- Finite – Difference Time Domain Method,
- Artech House, Boston, 1995
- XFDTD, Remcom Inc., State College, PA,
- versiyon 6.0, 2008.
- Haykin S., Neural Networks: A Comprehensive
- Foundation, Macmillan College Publishing
- Company, New York, A.B.D., 1994.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Architecture |
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2013 |
| Submission Date | June 24, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2011 Volume: 26 Issue: 4 |