ÇİFT GEÇİŞLİ L BAND ERBİYUM KATKILI FİBER YÜKSELTECİN SICAKLIK BAĞIMLILIĞININ İNCELENMESİ
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 19.02.2013
Murat Yücel
H. Haldun Göktaş
Öz
Bu çalışmada, tek geçişli (SP) ve çift geçişli (DP) L band erbiyum katkılı fiber yükseltecin (L-EDFA) sıcaklığabağımlı kazanç değişimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla L-EDFA, 0 °C ile 60 °C arasındaki sıcaklık aralığında, -20dBm güçteki giriş sinyalleri ve 980 nm pompa lazerleri ile iki yönlü pompalanarak deneysel olarak incelenmiştir.Deneysel sonuçlar DP L-EDFA kazancının SP L-EDFA kazancından daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.Ancak sonuçlar aynı zamanda DP L-EDFA’nın sıcaklık bağımlılığının SP L-EDFA’dan daha yüksek olduğunuda göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, DP L-EDFA’nın 1568 nm - 1588 nm aralığında sıcaklıktan bağımsız olarakçalıştırılabileceği görülmüştür.
Kaynakça
- Yamada, M., “Overview of wideband optical
- fiber amplification technologies”, NTT
- Technical Review, 2(12), 34, 2004.
- Sakamoto, T., Mori, A., Masuda, H., Ono, H.,
- “Wideband rare-earth-doped fiber amplification
- technologies – Gain bandwidth expansion in the
- C and L bands”, NTT Technical Review, 2(12),
- , 2004.
- Bouzid, B., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
- “High-Gain Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
- Incorporating a Double-Pass Amplification
- Technique as a Preamplifier”, Laser Physics,
- (4), 460-463, 2008.
- Liang, T.C., Hsu, S., “The L-band EDFA of High
- Clamped Gain and Low Noise Figure
- Implemented Using Fiber Bragg Grating and
- Double-Pass Method”, Optics Comm., 281(5),
- -1139, 2008.
- Jamaludin, M. Z., Abdullah, M. K., Abdullah, F.,
- Abas, A.F., MAhdi, M.A., Rahman, F., “A
- Hybrid High-Gain Double-Pass Erbium-Doped
- Fiber Amplifier with Dispersion Compensation
- Feedback Loop”, Optics and Laser Technol.,
- (2), 270-272, 2008.
- Naji, A.W., Abidin, M. S. Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H.,
- Faidz, A.R., Mahdi, M.A., “Experimental
- Investigation of noise in Double-Pass Erbium-
- Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Laser Physics Lett.,
- (2), 145-148, 2007.
- Chang, C. L., Wang, L., Chiang, Y. J., “A Dual
- Pumped Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with High
- Gain and Low Noise”, Optics Comm., 267(1),
- -112, 2006.
- Altuncu, A., “Band Selection in Broadband Loop
- ASE Source Using Seed Signal Injection”, IEEE
- Photon. Technol. Lett., 18(9), 1043-1045, 2006.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain-
- Clamping Techniques in Two-Stage Double-Pass
- L-Band EDFA”, Pramana-Journal of Physics,
- (3), 539-545, 2006.
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Hu, W.S., Xia, Y.X., “Tunable
- Gain-Clamped Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber
- Amplifier”, Optics Express, 14(2), 570-574,
- -
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Taung, C.S., Luo, S.Y., Hu,
- W.S., Su, Y.K., Xia, Y.X., Leng, L.F., “Low
- Noise Figure All-Optical Gain-Clamped Parallel
- C+L Band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Using
- an Interleaver”, Optics Express, 13(12), 4519-
- , 2005.
- Ji, J.H., Zhan, L., Yi, L.L., Tang, C.C., Ye, Q.H.,
- Xia, Y.X., “Low Noise-Figure Gain-Clamped L Band Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring
- Lasing Amplifier with an Intereaver”, J. of
- Lightwave Technol., 23(3), 1375-1379, 2005.
- Samsuri, N.M., Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H.,
- “Comparison of Performances Between Partial
- Doublepass and full double-pass systems in Two-
- Stage L-Band EDFA”, Laser Physics Lett.,
- (12), 610-612, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- Enhancement in Partial Double-Pass L-Band
- EDFA System Using a Band-Pass Filter”, Laser
- Physics Lett., 2(1), 36-38, 2005.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- Clamping in Double-Pass L-Band EDFA Using a
- Ring Resonator”, Microwave and Optical
- Technol. Lett., 43(6), 484-486, 2004.
- Naji, A.W., Abidin, M.S.Z., Kassir, A.M., Al-
- Mansoori, M.H., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
- “Trade-Off between Single and Double Pass
- Amplification Schemes of 1480-nm Pumped
- EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
- Lett., 43(1), 38-40, 2004.
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Ji, J.H., Ye, Q.H.,, Xia, Y.X.,
- “Improvement of gain and noise figure in doublepass
- L-band EDFA by incorporating a fiber
- Bragg grating”, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.,
- (4), 1005-1007, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Efficient and lownoise
- gain flattened double-pass L-band erbiumdoped
- fiber amplifier”, Microwave and Optical
- Technol. Lett., 40(2), 112-114, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Double
- pass L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier with
- enhanced gain characteristics”, Indian Journal
- of Physics, 77B(4), 435-437, 2003.
- Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- enhancement in L-band EDFA through a doublepass
- technique”, IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett.,
- (3), 296-297, 2002.
- Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Gain Clamped Two-
- Stage Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with a Single
- Fibre Bragg Grating”, Chinese Physics Lett.,
- (10), 1954-1957 2004.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Design of gain
- flattened ultra-wide band hybrid optical
- amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi Univ., 22,
- –868, 2007.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Gain flattening
- configurations at the L band erbium doped fiber
- amplifiers”, IEEE 15th Signal Process. and
- Comm. App., 1–4, 2007.
- Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “Gain flattening filter
- optimization of the two stage C band erbium
- doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA)”, J. Inst. Sci.
- Technol. Sakarya Univ., 10, 10–13, 2006.
- S., Dung, Chi, J.C., S., Wen, “Gain Flattening of
- Erbium-doped Fibre Amplifier Using Fibre Bragg
- Gratings”, Electronics Letters, 34(6), 555,
- -
- Choi, H. B., Oh, J. M., Lee, D., Ahn, S.J., Park,
- B.S, Lee, S.B. “Simple and efficient L-Band
- Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for WDM
- Networks”, Optics Comm., 213, 63-66, 2002.
- Mahdi, M. A., Sheih, S. J. “Gain-Flattened
- Extended L-band EDFA with 43nm Bandwidth
- Suitable for High Signal Powers”, Optics
- Comm., 234, 229-233, 2004.
- Mizuno, K., Nishi, Y., Mimura, Y., Lida, Y.,
- Matsuura, H., Yoon, D., Aso, O., Yamamoto, T.,
- Toratani, T., Ono, Y., Yo, A. “Development of
- Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter”, Furukawa
- Review, 19, 53-58, 2000.
- Yucel, M., Celebi, F. V., Goktas, H.H.,
- “Temperature independent length optimization of
- L-band EDFAs providing flat gain”, Optik, 122
- (10), 872-876 2011.
- Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “A fuzzy logic based
- device for the determination of temperature
- dependence of EDFAs”, Microwave and
- Optical Technol. Lett., 50, 2331–2334, 2008.
- Wysocki, P., Conti, N., Holcomb, D., “Simple
- modeling approach for the temperature
- dependence of the gain of erbium-doped fiber
- amplifiers”, SPIE Photonics East, Proc.:
- Optical Devices for Fiber Comm., 3847, 214,
- -
- Bolshtyansky, M., Wysocki, P., Conti, N.,
- “Model of temperature dependence for gain
- shape of erbium-doped fiber amplifier”, J. of
- Lightwave Technol., 18 1533–1540, 2000.
- Lolivier, L., Grillet, A., Roy, F., Hamoir, D.,
- “DGE-based variable gain EDFA improves both
- gain flatness and noise figure for a 70 ◦ C
- temperature operating range”, Optical Fiber
- Comm. Conf. OFC/NFOEC, 4, 3, 2005.
- Nakaji, H., Ishizawa, Y., Ohmura, M., Shibata,
- T., Inoue, A., Shige- matsu, M., “A temperatureinsensitive
- erbium-doped fiber amplifier for
- terrestrial wavelength-division-multiplexing
- systems”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 15,
- –1524, 2003.
- Lee, W.J., Min, B., Ahn, S., Park, N.,
- “Simulation for the effect of cascaded gaintemperature
- dependence on 40 channel - 50
- EDFA WDM link under temperature
- fluctuations”, Lasers and Electro-Optics
- CLEO/Pacific Rim’99, 3, 646–647, 1999.
- Im, Y.E., Oh, K., Chang, S.H., Kim, K.,
- DiGiovanni, D.J., “Reduction of temperaturedependent
- gain in L-band EDFA using
- antimony–aluminum codoped silica EDF”, IEEE
- PhotonicsTechnol. Lett., 17, 1839–1841, 2005.
- Desurvire, E., “Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier:
- Principles and Applications”, John Wiley and
- Sons. Inc., NewYork, 1994.
- McCumber, D.E., “Theory of phonon-terminated
- optical masers”, Phys. Rev., 134, A299–A305,
- -
- Miniscalco, W.J., Quimby, R. S., “General
- procedure for the analysis of Er3+ cross
- sections”, Opt. Lett.,16, 258–260, 1991.
- Berkdemir, C., Özsoy, S., “The temperature
- dependent performance analysis of EDFAs
- pumped at 1480nm: a more accurate propagation
- equation”, Optics Express 13, 5179–5185, 2005.
- Lin, M.C., Chi, S., “The gain and optimal length
- in the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with 1480
- nm pumping”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,
- , 354–356, 1992.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., Ozkaraca, O.,
- “Temperature dependence of noise figure in the
- erbium doped fiber amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng.
- Archit. Gazi Univ., 25(3), 635–641, 2010.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Determination of
- minimum temperature coefficient of C band
- EDFA”, Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23),
- -4467, 2008.
- Hossain, N., Naji, A. W., Mishra, V., Abbou, F.
- M., Al-Mansoori, M. H., Mahdi, M. A., Faidz, A.
- R., “Modeling, Optimization, and Experimental
- Evaluation Of Remotely Pumped Double-Pass
- EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
- Lett., 49(9), 2257-2261, 2007.
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 0 - , 19.02.2013
Murat Yücel
H. Haldun Göktaş
Kaynakça
- Yamada, M., “Overview of wideband optical
- fiber amplification technologies”, NTT
- Technical Review, 2(12), 34, 2004.
- Sakamoto, T., Mori, A., Masuda, H., Ono, H.,
- “Wideband rare-earth-doped fiber amplification
- technologies – Gain bandwidth expansion in the
- C and L bands”, NTT Technical Review, 2(12),
- , 2004.
- Bouzid, B., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
- “High-Gain Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
- Incorporating a Double-Pass Amplification
- Technique as a Preamplifier”, Laser Physics,
- (4), 460-463, 2008.
- Liang, T.C., Hsu, S., “The L-band EDFA of High
- Clamped Gain and Low Noise Figure
- Implemented Using Fiber Bragg Grating and
- Double-Pass Method”, Optics Comm., 281(5),
- -1139, 2008.
- Jamaludin, M. Z., Abdullah, M. K., Abdullah, F.,
- Abas, A.F., MAhdi, M.A., Rahman, F., “A
- Hybrid High-Gain Double-Pass Erbium-Doped
- Fiber Amplifier with Dispersion Compensation
- Feedback Loop”, Optics and Laser Technol.,
- (2), 270-272, 2008.
- Naji, A.W., Abidin, M. S. Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H.,
- Faidz, A.R., Mahdi, M.A., “Experimental
- Investigation of noise in Double-Pass Erbium-
- Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Laser Physics Lett.,
- (2), 145-148, 2007.
- Chang, C. L., Wang, L., Chiang, Y. J., “A Dual
- Pumped Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with High
- Gain and Low Noise”, Optics Comm., 267(1),
- -112, 2006.
- Altuncu, A., “Band Selection in Broadband Loop
- ASE Source Using Seed Signal Injection”, IEEE
- Photon. Technol. Lett., 18(9), 1043-1045, 2006.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain-
- Clamping Techniques in Two-Stage Double-Pass
- L-Band EDFA”, Pramana-Journal of Physics,
- (3), 539-545, 2006.
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Hu, W.S., Xia, Y.X., “Tunable
- Gain-Clamped Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber
- Amplifier”, Optics Express, 14(2), 570-574,
- -
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Taung, C.S., Luo, S.Y., Hu,
- W.S., Su, Y.K., Xia, Y.X., Leng, L.F., “Low
- Noise Figure All-Optical Gain-Clamped Parallel
- C+L Band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Using
- an Interleaver”, Optics Express, 13(12), 4519-
- , 2005.
- Ji, J.H., Zhan, L., Yi, L.L., Tang, C.C., Ye, Q.H.,
- Xia, Y.X., “Low Noise-Figure Gain-Clamped L Band Double-Pass Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring
- Lasing Amplifier with an Intereaver”, J. of
- Lightwave Technol., 23(3), 1375-1379, 2005.
- Samsuri, N.M., Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H.,
- “Comparison of Performances Between Partial
- Doublepass and full double-pass systems in Two-
- Stage L-Band EDFA”, Laser Physics Lett.,
- (12), 610-612, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- Enhancement in Partial Double-Pass L-Band
- EDFA System Using a Band-Pass Filter”, Laser
- Physics Lett., 2(1), 36-38, 2005.
- Harun, S.W., Samsuri, N.M., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- Clamping in Double-Pass L-Band EDFA Using a
- Ring Resonator”, Microwave and Optical
- Technol. Lett., 43(6), 484-486, 2004.
- Naji, A.W., Abidin, M.S.Z., Kassir, A.M., Al-
- Mansoori, M.H., Abdullah, M.K., Mahdi, M.A.,
- “Trade-Off between Single and Double Pass
- Amplification Schemes of 1480-nm Pumped
- EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
- Lett., 43(1), 38-40, 2004.
- Yi, L.L., Zhan, L., Ji, J.H., Ye, Q.H.,, Xia, Y.X.,
- “Improvement of gain and noise figure in doublepass
- L-band EDFA by incorporating a fiber
- Bragg grating”, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.,
- (4), 1005-1007, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Efficient and lownoise
- gain flattened double-pass L-band erbiumdoped
- fiber amplifier”, Microwave and Optical
- Technol. Lett., 40(2), 112-114, 2004.
- Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Double
- pass L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier with
- enhanced gain characteristics”, Indian Journal
- of Physics, 77B(4), 435-437, 2003.
- Harun, S.W., Poopalan, P., Ahmad, H., “Gain
- enhancement in L-band EDFA through a doublepass
- technique”, IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett.,
- (3), 296-297, 2002.
- Harun, S.W., Ahmad, H., “Gain Clamped Two-
- Stage Double-Pass L-Band EDFA with a Single
- Fibre Bragg Grating”, Chinese Physics Lett.,
- (10), 1954-1957 2004.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Design of gain
- flattened ultra-wide band hybrid optical
- amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi Univ., 22,
- –868, 2007.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Gain flattening
- configurations at the L band erbium doped fiber
- amplifiers”, IEEE 15th Signal Process. and
- Comm. App., 1–4, 2007.
- Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “Gain flattening filter
- optimization of the two stage C band erbium
- doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA)”, J. Inst. Sci.
- Technol. Sakarya Univ., 10, 10–13, 2006.
- S., Dung, Chi, J.C., S., Wen, “Gain Flattening of
- Erbium-doped Fibre Amplifier Using Fibre Bragg
- Gratings”, Electronics Letters, 34(6), 555,
- -
- Choi, H. B., Oh, J. M., Lee, D., Ahn, S.J., Park,
- B.S, Lee, S.B. “Simple and efficient L-Band
- Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for WDM
- Networks”, Optics Comm., 213, 63-66, 2002.
- Mahdi, M. A., Sheih, S. J. “Gain-Flattened
- Extended L-band EDFA with 43nm Bandwidth
- Suitable for High Signal Powers”, Optics
- Comm., 234, 229-233, 2004.
- Mizuno, K., Nishi, Y., Mimura, Y., Lida, Y.,
- Matsuura, H., Yoon, D., Aso, O., Yamamoto, T.,
- Toratani, T., Ono, Y., Yo, A. “Development of
- Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter”, Furukawa
- Review, 19, 53-58, 2000.
- Yucel, M., Celebi, F. V., Goktas, H.H.,
- “Temperature independent length optimization of
- L-band EDFAs providing flat gain”, Optik, 122
- (10), 872-876 2011.
- Goktas, H.H., Yucel, M., “A fuzzy logic based
- device for the determination of temperature
- dependence of EDFAs”, Microwave and
- Optical Technol. Lett., 50, 2331–2334, 2008.
- Wysocki, P., Conti, N., Holcomb, D., “Simple
- modeling approach for the temperature
- dependence of the gain of erbium-doped fiber
- amplifiers”, SPIE Photonics East, Proc.:
- Optical Devices for Fiber Comm., 3847, 214,
- -
- Bolshtyansky, M., Wysocki, P., Conti, N.,
- “Model of temperature dependence for gain
- shape of erbium-doped fiber amplifier”, J. of
- Lightwave Technol., 18 1533–1540, 2000.
- Lolivier, L., Grillet, A., Roy, F., Hamoir, D.,
- “DGE-based variable gain EDFA improves both
- gain flatness and noise figure for a 70 ◦ C
- temperature operating range”, Optical Fiber
- Comm. Conf. OFC/NFOEC, 4, 3, 2005.
- Nakaji, H., Ishizawa, Y., Ohmura, M., Shibata,
- T., Inoue, A., Shige- matsu, M., “A temperatureinsensitive
- erbium-doped fiber amplifier for
- terrestrial wavelength-division-multiplexing
- systems”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 15,
- –1524, 2003.
- Lee, W.J., Min, B., Ahn, S., Park, N.,
- “Simulation for the effect of cascaded gaintemperature
- dependence on 40 channel - 50
- EDFA WDM link under temperature
- fluctuations”, Lasers and Electro-Optics
- CLEO/Pacific Rim’99, 3, 646–647, 1999.
- Im, Y.E., Oh, K., Chang, S.H., Kim, K.,
- DiGiovanni, D.J., “Reduction of temperaturedependent
- gain in L-band EDFA using
- antimony–aluminum codoped silica EDF”, IEEE
- PhotonicsTechnol. Lett., 17, 1839–1841, 2005.
- Desurvire, E., “Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier:
- Principles and Applications”, John Wiley and
- Sons. Inc., NewYork, 1994.
- McCumber, D.E., “Theory of phonon-terminated
- optical masers”, Phys. Rev., 134, A299–A305,
- -
- Miniscalco, W.J., Quimby, R. S., “General
- procedure for the analysis of Er3+ cross
- sections”, Opt. Lett.,16, 258–260, 1991.
- Berkdemir, C., Özsoy, S., “The temperature
- dependent performance analysis of EDFAs
- pumped at 1480nm: a more accurate propagation
- equation”, Optics Express 13, 5179–5185, 2005.
- Lin, M.C., Chi, S., “The gain and optimal length
- in the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with 1480
- nm pumping”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,
- , 354–356, 1992.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., Ozkaraca, O.,
- “Temperature dependence of noise figure in the
- erbium doped fiber amplifier”, J. Fac. Eng.
- Archit. Gazi Univ., 25(3), 635–641, 2010.
- Yucel, M., Goktas, H.H., “Determination of
- minimum temperature coefficient of C band
- EDFA”, Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23),
- -4467, 2008.
- Hossain, N., Naji, A. W., Mishra, V., Abbou, F.
- M., Al-Mansoori, M. H., Mahdi, M. A., Faidz, A.
- R., “Modeling, Optimization, and Experimental
- Evaluation Of Remotely Pumped Double-Pass
- EDFA”, Microwave and Optical Technol.
- Lett., 49(9), 2257-2261, 2007.