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KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ

Year 2014, Volume: 29 Issue: 4, 0 - , 31.12.2014

Eylem Dizman Tomak Ali Temiz

https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.97132

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, asetik, fitalik ve propiyonik anhidritler ile modifikasyon işlemine tabi tutulan odunun su alma oranı, boyutsal kararlılık ve mantar çürüklüğüne karşı performansı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla sarıçam odunu (Pinus sylvestris L.) örnekleri anhidritler ile muamele sonrası 2, 4 ve 8 saat boyunca 120°C’de reaksiyona tabi tutulmuşlardır. Örneklerin kimyasal yapısındaki değişimler FT-IR ile, su alma oranı ve boyutsal kararlılıkları 14 gün boyunca yapılan ağırlık ve boyut ölçümleri ile, mantar çürüklüğüne karşı dayanımı ise bir esmer çürüklük mantarı olan Coniophora puteana’ya 3 ay maruz bırakılmasıyla belirlenmiştir. Mantar çürüklük testinde yıkanmış ve yıkanmamış örnekler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre;  anhidritler ile modifiye edilen örneklerin su alma oranı kontrol örneklerine kıyasla oldukça düşük bulunmuştur. Boyutsal kararlılık bakımından en iyi sonuçlar sırasıyla propiyonik, asetik ve fitalik anhidritler ile elde edilmiştir. Mantar çürüklük testi öncesi yıkanma işlemine tabi tutulan ve tutulmayan kontrol örneklerinde C. puteana saldırısı sonrasında ağırlık kaybı sırasıyla %34 ve %37 bulunurken, anhidritler ile modifiye edilen ve çürüklük testi öncesi yıkanma işlemine tabi tutulmayan örneklerde ağırlık kaybı %0-2.1, yıkanma işlemine tabi tutulan örneklerde ise ağırlık kaybı %0.5-7.6 olarak bulunmuştur. Esmer çürüklük mantarına karşı dayanım açısından en iyi etkinlik propiyonik anhidritle modifikasyon işlemi sonrasında elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Anhidrit boyutsal kararlılık FT-IR kimyasal modifikasyon mantar çürüklük

References

  • Homan, W.J. ve Jorissen, A.J.M., “Wood Modification Developments”, Heron, Cilt 49, No 4, 361-386, 2004.
  • Rowell, R.M., Tillman, A.M. ve Simonson, R., “Dimensional Stability of Particleboard Made From Vapour Phase Acetylated Pine Wood Chips”, Nordic Pulp and Paper, Cilt 1, No 2, 11-17, 1986.
  • Tarkow, H., Stamm, A.J. ve Erickson, E.C.O., “Acetylated Wood”, USDA Forest Service Forest Products Lab., Report No 1593, 1950.
  • Rowell, R.M. ve Ellis, W.D., “Determination of Dimensional Stabilization of Wood Using The Water- Soak Method”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 10, No 2, 104-111, 1978.
  • Militz, H., “Improvements of Stability and Durability of Beech-Wood (Fagus Sylvatica) by Means of Treatment with Acetic Anhydride”, Proc. 22nd Ann. meeting Int. Res. Group Wood Preservation, Kyoto, Japan, IRG-WP 3645, 1991.
  • Beckers, E.P.J. ve Militz, H., “Acetylation of Solid Wood Initial Trials on Lab and Semi Industrial Scale”, Proc. 2nd Pasific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, 125-134, 1994.
  • Nilsson, T., Rowell, R.M., Simonson, R. ve Tillman, A.M., “Fungal Resistance of Pine Particle Boards Made from Various Types Acetylated Chips”, Holzforschung, Cilt 42, No 2, 123-146, 1988.
  • Rowell, R.M., Esenther, G.R., Nicholas, D.D. ve Nilsson, T., “Biological Resistance of Southern Pine and Aspen Flakeboards Made From Acetylated Flakes”, J. Wood Chemistry Tech., Cilt 7, No 3, 427-440, 1987.
  • Takahashi, M., Imamura,Y. ve Tanahashi, I., “Effect of Acetylation on Decay Resistance of Wood Against Brown Rot, White Rot and Soft Rot Fungi”, Proc. 20th Ann. Meeting Int. Res. Group Wood Preservation, Lappeenranta, Finland, IRG-WP 3540, 1989.
  • Larsson Brelid P., Simonson R. ve Bergman O., “Resistance of Acetylated Wood to Biological Degradation”, Holz Als Roh und Werkstoff, Cilt 58, 331-337, 2000.
  • Hill, C.A.S., Wood Modification Chemical Thermal and Other Processes, John Wiley & Sons, Germany, 2006.
  • Rowell, R.M., “Chemical Modification: A Non-Toxic Approach to Wood Preservation”, Drewno, Cilt 48, No 173,111-117, 2005.
  • Hill, C.A.S. ve Jones, D., “Dimensional Changes in Corsican Pine Sapwood due to Chemical Modification with Linear Chain Anhydrides”, Holzforschung, Cilt 53, 267-271, 1999.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T., Katoh, S. ve Uehara, T., “Chemical Modification of Wood by Anhydrides without Solvents or Catalysts”, J. of Wood Sci., Cilt 46, No 3, 215-221, 2000.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T. ve Katoh, S., “Preparation and Properties of Acetylated and Propionylated Wood-Silicate Composite”, Holzforschung, Cilt 55, 93-96, 2001.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T. ve Katoh, S., “Wood Propionylation in the Presence of Catalysts”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 33, No 2, 255-263, 2001.
  • Chang, S.T. ve Chang, H.T., “Comparisons of the Photostability of Esterified Wood”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Cilt 71, No 2, 261-266, 2001.
  • Chauhan, S.S., Aggarwal, P., Karmarkar, A. ve Pandey, K.K., “Moisture Adsorption Behaviour of Esterified Rubber Wood (Hevea brasiliensis)”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 59, No 4, 250-253, 2001.
  • Çetin, N. S. ve Özmen, N., “Dimensional Changes in Corsican Pine Sapwood due to Reaction with Crotonic Anhydride”, Wood Sci. and Tech., Cilt 35, No 3, 257-267, 2001.
  • Papadopoulos A.N. ve Hill, C.A.S., “The Biological Effectiveness of Wood Modified With Linear Chain Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides Against Coniophora puteana”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 60, 329-332, 2002.
  • Papadopoulos, A.N. ve Gkaraveli, A., “Dimensional Stabilisation and Strength of Particleboard by Chemical Modification with Propionic Anhydride”, Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, Cilt 61, No 2, 142-144, 2003.
  • Papadopoulos, A.N., “Moisture Adsorption Isotherms of Two Esterified Greek Hardwoods”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 63, 123-128, 2005.
  • Dizman, E., Kimyasal Modifikasyonun Kızılağaç ve Ladin Yongalevhalarında Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Biyolojik Özelliklere Etkisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Serin, Z., Süksinik Anhidrit Modifikasyonunun Orta Yoğunluktaki Lif Levhanın (MDF) Özelliklerine Etkisi, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Çetin, N.S. ve Ozmen, N., “Modification of Wood with Environmentally Friendly Chemicals to Improve Decay Resistance”, J. of Environmental Biology, Cilt 26, No 4, 735-740, 2005.
  • Çetin, N.S., Gültekin, G., Özmen, N. ve Birinci, E., “Propionik Anhidrit Modifikasyonu ile Eucalyptus Grandis W. Hill Ex Maiden Diri Odununa Boyutsal Sabitlik Kazandırılması”, Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 2, 647-655, 2009.
  • Youngquist, J.A., Krzysik, A. ve Rowell, R.M., “Dimensional Stability of Acetylated Apsen Flakeboard”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 18, No 1, 90-98, 1986.
  • EN 113, Determination of the Toxic Values Against Wood Destroying Basidiomycetes Cultured on Agar Medium, European Standard, 1994.
  • Sun, R. ve Sun, X.F., “Structural and Thermal Characterization of Acetylated Rice, Wheat, Rye, Barley Straws and Poplar Wood Fibre”, Industrial Crops and Products, Cilt 16, No 3, 225-235, 2002.
  • Rowell, R.M., Simonsen, R. ve Tillman, A.M., “Acetyl Balance for The Acetylation of Wood Particles by A Simplified Procedure”, Holzforschung, Cilt 44, 263-269, 1990.
  • Temiz, A., Dış Hava Koşullarının Emprenyeli Ağaç Malzemeye Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Tshabalala, M.A., Jakes, J., VanLandingham, M.R., Wang, S., Peltonen, J., “Surface Characterization”, Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites, Second ed., Editör: Rowell, R.M., CRC Books, 217-252, 2013.
  • Ximenes, F.A. ve Evans, P.D., “Protection of Wood Using Oxy-Aluminum Compounds”, Forest Products Journal, Cilt 56, No 11-12, 116-122, 2006.
  • Nadal, L.M.K., Cararo, D.C., Pinheiro, L.A. ve Prestes, R.A., “Optimization of Wood Flour Acetylation by Factorial Design and Partial Least Squares Regression”, Quím. Nova, Cilt 35, No 9, 1763-1766, 2012.
  • Rowell, R.M., Youngquist, J.A. ve Montrey, H.M., “Chemical Modification Adding Value Through New FPL Composite Technology”, Forest Products Journal, Cilt 38, 67-70, 1988.
  • Papadopoulos, A. ve Hill, C.A.S., “The Sorption of Water Vapour by Anhydride Modified Softwood”, Wood Sci. and Tech., Cilt 37, 221-231, 2003.
  • Kumar, S., “Chemical Modification of Wood”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 26, No 2, 270-280, 1994.
  • Matsuda, H., “Preparation and Utilization of Esterified Wood Bearib Carboxyl Groups”, Wood Science Techn., Cilt 21, 75-88, 1987.
  • Chen C.G., “Fungal Resistance of Loblolly Pine Reacted With Para-Toluene Sulfonyl Chloride or Isocyanate”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 24, No 2,161-167, 1992.

Year 2014, Volume: 29 Issue: 4, 0 - , 31.12.2014

Eylem Dizman Tomak Ali Temiz

https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.97132

Abstract

References

  • Homan, W.J. ve Jorissen, A.J.M., “Wood Modification Developments”, Heron, Cilt 49, No 4, 361-386, 2004.
  • Rowell, R.M., Tillman, A.M. ve Simonson, R., “Dimensional Stability of Particleboard Made From Vapour Phase Acetylated Pine Wood Chips”, Nordic Pulp and Paper, Cilt 1, No 2, 11-17, 1986.
  • Tarkow, H., Stamm, A.J. ve Erickson, E.C.O., “Acetylated Wood”, USDA Forest Service Forest Products Lab., Report No 1593, 1950.
  • Rowell, R.M. ve Ellis, W.D., “Determination of Dimensional Stabilization of Wood Using The Water- Soak Method”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 10, No 2, 104-111, 1978.
  • Militz, H., “Improvements of Stability and Durability of Beech-Wood (Fagus Sylvatica) by Means of Treatment with Acetic Anhydride”, Proc. 22nd Ann. meeting Int. Res. Group Wood Preservation, Kyoto, Japan, IRG-WP 3645, 1991.
  • Beckers, E.P.J. ve Militz, H., “Acetylation of Solid Wood Initial Trials on Lab and Semi Industrial Scale”, Proc. 2nd Pasific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, 125-134, 1994.
  • Nilsson, T., Rowell, R.M., Simonson, R. ve Tillman, A.M., “Fungal Resistance of Pine Particle Boards Made from Various Types Acetylated Chips”, Holzforschung, Cilt 42, No 2, 123-146, 1988.
  • Rowell, R.M., Esenther, G.R., Nicholas, D.D. ve Nilsson, T., “Biological Resistance of Southern Pine and Aspen Flakeboards Made From Acetylated Flakes”, J. Wood Chemistry Tech., Cilt 7, No 3, 427-440, 1987.
  • Takahashi, M., Imamura,Y. ve Tanahashi, I., “Effect of Acetylation on Decay Resistance of Wood Against Brown Rot, White Rot and Soft Rot Fungi”, Proc. 20th Ann. Meeting Int. Res. Group Wood Preservation, Lappeenranta, Finland, IRG-WP 3540, 1989.
  • Larsson Brelid P., Simonson R. ve Bergman O., “Resistance of Acetylated Wood to Biological Degradation”, Holz Als Roh und Werkstoff, Cilt 58, 331-337, 2000.
  • Hill, C.A.S., Wood Modification Chemical Thermal and Other Processes, John Wiley & Sons, Germany, 2006.
  • Rowell, R.M., “Chemical Modification: A Non-Toxic Approach to Wood Preservation”, Drewno, Cilt 48, No 173,111-117, 2005.
  • Hill, C.A.S. ve Jones, D., “Dimensional Changes in Corsican Pine Sapwood due to Chemical Modification with Linear Chain Anhydrides”, Holzforschung, Cilt 53, 267-271, 1999.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T., Katoh, S. ve Uehara, T., “Chemical Modification of Wood by Anhydrides without Solvents or Catalysts”, J. of Wood Sci., Cilt 46, No 3, 215-221, 2000.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T. ve Katoh, S., “Preparation and Properties of Acetylated and Propionylated Wood-Silicate Composite”, Holzforschung, Cilt 55, 93-96, 2001.
  • Li, L.Z., Furuno, T. ve Katoh, S., “Wood Propionylation in the Presence of Catalysts”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 33, No 2, 255-263, 2001.
  • Chang, S.T. ve Chang, H.T., “Comparisons of the Photostability of Esterified Wood”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Cilt 71, No 2, 261-266, 2001.
  • Chauhan, S.S., Aggarwal, P., Karmarkar, A. ve Pandey, K.K., “Moisture Adsorption Behaviour of Esterified Rubber Wood (Hevea brasiliensis)”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 59, No 4, 250-253, 2001.
  • Çetin, N. S. ve Özmen, N., “Dimensional Changes in Corsican Pine Sapwood due to Reaction with Crotonic Anhydride”, Wood Sci. and Tech., Cilt 35, No 3, 257-267, 2001.
  • Papadopoulos A.N. ve Hill, C.A.S., “The Biological Effectiveness of Wood Modified With Linear Chain Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides Against Coniophora puteana”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 60, 329-332, 2002.
  • Papadopoulos, A.N. ve Gkaraveli, A., “Dimensional Stabilisation and Strength of Particleboard by Chemical Modification with Propionic Anhydride”, Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, Cilt 61, No 2, 142-144, 2003.
  • Papadopoulos, A.N., “Moisture Adsorption Isotherms of Two Esterified Greek Hardwoods”, Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, Cilt 63, 123-128, 2005.
  • Dizman, E., Kimyasal Modifikasyonun Kızılağaç ve Ladin Yongalevhalarında Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Biyolojik Özelliklere Etkisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Serin, Z., Süksinik Anhidrit Modifikasyonunun Orta Yoğunluktaki Lif Levhanın (MDF) Özelliklerine Etkisi, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Çetin, N.S. ve Ozmen, N., “Modification of Wood with Environmentally Friendly Chemicals to Improve Decay Resistance”, J. of Environmental Biology, Cilt 26, No 4, 735-740, 2005.
  • Çetin, N.S., Gültekin, G., Özmen, N. ve Birinci, E., “Propionik Anhidrit Modifikasyonu ile Eucalyptus Grandis W. Hill Ex Maiden Diri Odununa Boyutsal Sabitlik Kazandırılması”, Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 2, 647-655, 2009.
  • Youngquist, J.A., Krzysik, A. ve Rowell, R.M., “Dimensional Stability of Acetylated Apsen Flakeboard”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 18, No 1, 90-98, 1986.
  • EN 113, Determination of the Toxic Values Against Wood Destroying Basidiomycetes Cultured on Agar Medium, European Standard, 1994.
  • Sun, R. ve Sun, X.F., “Structural and Thermal Characterization of Acetylated Rice, Wheat, Rye, Barley Straws and Poplar Wood Fibre”, Industrial Crops and Products, Cilt 16, No 3, 225-235, 2002.
  • Rowell, R.M., Simonsen, R. ve Tillman, A.M., “Acetyl Balance for The Acetylation of Wood Particles by A Simplified Procedure”, Holzforschung, Cilt 44, 263-269, 1990.
  • Temiz, A., Dış Hava Koşullarının Emprenyeli Ağaç Malzemeye Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, FBE, 2005.
  • Tshabalala, M.A., Jakes, J., VanLandingham, M.R., Wang, S., Peltonen, J., “Surface Characterization”, Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites, Second ed., Editör: Rowell, R.M., CRC Books, 217-252, 2013.
  • Ximenes, F.A. ve Evans, P.D., “Protection of Wood Using Oxy-Aluminum Compounds”, Forest Products Journal, Cilt 56, No 11-12, 116-122, 2006.
  • Nadal, L.M.K., Cararo, D.C., Pinheiro, L.A. ve Prestes, R.A., “Optimization of Wood Flour Acetylation by Factorial Design and Partial Least Squares Regression”, Quím. Nova, Cilt 35, No 9, 1763-1766, 2012.
  • Rowell, R.M., Youngquist, J.A. ve Montrey, H.M., “Chemical Modification Adding Value Through New FPL Composite Technology”, Forest Products Journal, Cilt 38, 67-70, 1988.
  • Papadopoulos, A. ve Hill, C.A.S., “The Sorption of Water Vapour by Anhydride Modified Softwood”, Wood Sci. and Tech., Cilt 37, 221-231, 2003.
  • Kumar, S., “Chemical Modification of Wood”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 26, No 2, 270-280, 1994.
  • Matsuda, H., “Preparation and Utilization of Esterified Wood Bearib Carboxyl Groups”, Wood Science Techn., Cilt 21, 75-88, 1987.
  • Chen C.G., “Fungal Resistance of Loblolly Pine Reacted With Para-Toluene Sulfonyl Chloride or Isocyanate”, Wood and Fiber Sci., Cilt 24, No 2,161-167, 1992.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Eylem Dizman Tomak

Ali Temiz

Publication Date December 31, 2014
Submission Date December 31, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 29 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Dizman Tomak, E., & Temiz, A. (2014). KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.97132
AMA Dizman Tomak E, Temiz A. KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ. GUMMFD. December 2014;29(4). doi:10.17341/gummfd.97132
Chicago Dizman Tomak, Eylem, and Ali Temiz. “KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29, no. 4 (December 2014). https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.97132.
EndNote Dizman Tomak E, Temiz A (December 1, 2014) KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29 4
IEEE E. Dizman Tomak and A. Temiz, “KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ”, GUMMFD, vol. 29, no. 4, 2014, doi: 10.17341/gummfd.97132.
ISNAD Dizman Tomak, Eylem - Temiz, Ali. “KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29/4 (December 2014). https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.97132.
JAMA Dizman Tomak E, Temiz A. KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ. GUMMFD. 2014;29. doi:10.17341/gummfd.97132.
MLA Dizman Tomak, Eylem and Ali Temiz. “KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 4, 2014, doi:10.17341/gummfd.97132.
Vancouver Dizman Tomak E, Temiz A. KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONUN ODUNDA SU ALMA, BOYUTSAL KARARLILIK VE BİYOLOJİK DAYANIMA ETKİSİ. GUMMFD. 2014;29(4).