Evrişimli sinir ağları ile mermer ve granit çeşitlerinin transfer öğrenme yöntemiyle sınıflandırılması.

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 2, 985 - 1002, 28.02.2022

Bahadır Elmas

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.936835

Cited By: 2

Öz

Türkiye 120'den fazla farklı renk ve desende mermer rezervi ile dünya mermer potansiyelinin %40'na sahiptir. Ayrıca 20’ye yakın granit rezervleriyle de yüksek potansiyele sahip bir ülkedir. Mermer ve granit gibi taşların sınıflandırması benzer renk ve desen nedeniyle oldukça zordur. Bu durum sektör çalışanları ve müşterileri için büyük sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bu soruna çözüm getirmek için Türkiye’deki mermer ve granit çeşitlerini sınıflandıracak bir yöntem önerilmiştir. On ildeki taş ocakları ve satış mağazalarında dört cep telefonu ve iki fotoğraf makinesi ile veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Kullanılan 6 kamera ile lens ve görüntüleme teknoloji çeşitliliği sağlanmıştır. İdeal ve ideal olmayan desen-renk tonlarına sahip taş görüntüleri yanı sıra, yanlış depolama şartlarına maruz kalmış taş görüntüleri, ışık-gölge gibi fotoğraflama hataları da veri setine dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 88’i mermer, 14’ü granit olmak üzere toplamda 102 taşa ait 24480 görüntü içeren yeni bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Üç farklı veri artırma yöntemi ile görüntü sayısı 171360’a çıkarılmıştır. Veri setiyle 7 adet evrişimli sinir ağı transfer öğrenme yöntemi kullanılarak eğitilmiştir. Eğitimde ezberlemenin önüne geçebilmek ve ağların performansı ile güvenirliğini artırmak için Stratified Shuffle Split, K fold cross validation yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. En başarılı ağın sınıflandırma başarı oranı %97.4’tür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mermer ve Granit Sınıflandırma, Evrişimli Sinir Ağlar, Önceden Eğitilmiş Ağlar, Transfer Öğrenme

Classification Varieties of Marble and Granite by Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning Method

Öz

Turkey has 40% of the world's marble potential with its marble reserves in more than 120 different colors and designs. In addition, it is a country with a high potential with nearly 20 granite reserves. The classification of stones such as marble and granite is quite difficult due to the similar color and pattern. This situation poses a major problem for sector employees and customers. In order to solve this problem, a method has been proposed to classify marble and granite types in Turkey. Data sets with four mobile phones and two cameras have been created in quarries and retail stores in ten cities. Lens and imaging technology diversity was provided with 6 cameras used. In addition to stone images with ideal and non-ideal pattern-color tones, images of stones exposed to improper storage conditions and photographic errors such as light and shadow were also included in the data set. As a result of the study, a new data set containing 24480 images of 102 stones in total, 88 of which are marble and 14 of which are granite, was created. The number of images was increased to 171360 with three different data augmentation methods. With the data set, 7 convolutional neural networks were trained using transfer learning method. Stratified Shuffle Split, K fold cross validation methods were used to prevent memorization in training and to increase the performance and reliability of networks. The classification accuracy rate of the most successful network is 97.4%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Marble and Granite Classification, Convolutional Neural Network, Pre-Trained Networks, Transfer Learning

Kaynakça

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