Bir doğal afet sonrası mobil iletişim ağının restorasyonu: Kadıköy, İstanbul için bir vaka çalışması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 4, 2281 - 2294

Haluk Yapıcıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1628375

Öz

Özet: Doğal bir afetin ardından, mobil iletişim ağları ve diğer altyapılar genellikle zarar görür. Ancak, afet sonrası iyileşme faaliyetlerinde sağlıklı ve güvenilir iletişim hayati bir rol oynar. Özellikle mobil ağ sağlayıcıları, afet sonrası iletişim iyileştirme girişimlerine başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, kapsama ve kapasite kısıtları altında mobil baz istasyonlarının yerleştirilmesi sorununa yönelik matematiksel bir model önerilmektedir. Model, mevcut mobil baz istasyonu ağı, acil toplanma noktaları, acil toplanma noktalarındaki kişi sayısı ve doğal afetten sonra hizmet vermeye devam edebilen mevcut mobil baz istasyonlarını açıkça dikkate almaktadır. Modelin genel amacı, afet bölgesindeki tüm kazazedeler için minimum maliyetle mobil iletişimi sağlamaktır. Sonuç olarak, afetten etkilenmeyen mevcut baz istasyonları, afet sonrası senaryolarda yeni kurulacak baz istasyonlarının yerini ve kapasitesini belirlemede kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu anlamda, çalışmamız, afet sonrası ortamda yeni mobil baz istasyonlarının yerleştirilmesinde kısmen operasyonel bir mobil iletişim ağını dikkate alan nadir çalışmalardan biridir. Sunulan model, İstanbul, Kadıköy ilçesine odaklanarak, 199 mevcut baz istasyonu ve 150 acil toplanma noktası ile gerçek dünya verileri üzerinde test edilmiştir. Mevcut mobil baz istasyonlarının hala çalışır durumda olanlarının sayısı, doğal afetin şiddetine büyük ölçüde bağlı olduğundan, çeşitli senaryolar geliştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, önemli yönetsel içgörüler elde etmek için kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afet Sonrası İyileşme , Afet Yönetimi , Mobil İletişim Ağı , Kapasiteli Küme Kapsama Problemi

Restoring the Mobile Communication Network After a Natural Disaster: A Case Study for Kadikoy, Istanbul

Öz

Following a natural disaster, mobile communication networks along with the rest of the infrastructure are often damaged. However, in the post-disaster recovery activities, healthy and reliable communication plays a crucial role. Especially mobile network providers started initiatives for post-disaster communication recovery. This study presents a mathematical model for location-allocation problem of mobile base stations under coverage and capacity constraints. The model explicitly considers existing mobile base station network, emergency collection points, number of people in the emergency collection points as well as percentage of existing mobile base stations that survived the natural disaster. The overall objective of the model is to enable mobile communication for all survivors in the disaster area with minimum cost possible. Consequently, existing base stations that are not affected by the disaster plays a crucial role in determining the location and the capacity of the new base stations to be established in post-disaster scenarios. In this sense, our study is one of the very few that takes into account a partially operational mobile communication network in locating new mobile base stations in a post-disaster environment. Presented model is tested on a problem with real world data, focusing on Kadikoy district of Istanbul, T¨urkiye, with 199 existing base stations and 150 emergency collection points. Since the number of mobile base stations that are still operational highly depends on the severity of the natural disaster, several scenarios are developed. The results are thoroughly analyzed to obtain important managerial insights.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Post-disaster Recovery , Disaster Management , Mobile Communication Network , Capacitated Set Covering Problem

Kaynakça

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