Leisure Benefit Scale: A Study of Validity and Reliability
Year 2018,
Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 25 - 34, 01.01.2018
Beyza Merve Akgül
,
Ezgi Ertüzün
,
Suat Karaküçük
Abstract
The aim of this study was
to develop a Turkish version of the “Leisure Benefit Scale” and to test its
validity and reliability. The Leisure Benefits Scale contains 24 items, which
are expressed on a 5-point Likert scale. The scale was tested on a total of 421
Turkish individuals over 20 years of age. First of all, lingual equivalence of
the scale was applied. The sample
group (n=421) was used to test data using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Confirmatory
factor analysis confirmed this 3-factor solution (confirmatory factor analysis,
GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05) Internal consistency
coefficient of the whole scale was found to be .83 and
the 3 sub-dimensions ranged from 0.80 to 0.86. The results demonstrate that the
Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish
individuals.
References
- Ajzen, I. (1991). Benefits of leisure: A social psychological perspective. In B. L. Driver, P. J. Brown & G. L. Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of leisure (pp. 411-418). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
- Ardahan, F., Turgut, T., Kaplan Kalkan, A. (2016). Her yönüyle rekreasyon. Ankara : Detay
- Bammel, G., & Burrus- Bammel, L. L. (1996). Leisure and human behavior. Dubuque, Iowa: W. C. Brown.
- Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
- Büyüköztürk, S. (2008). Handbook for the research methods in the social sciences (9th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Academy Publishing.
- Caltabiano, M. L. (2006). Measuring the similarity among leisure activities based on a perceived stress-reduction benefit. Leisure Studies. 13(1), 17-31.
- Chao, C. C. (2013). The relationship among leisure involvement, leisure benefits, and happiness of elementary schoolteachers in Tainan County. International Research in Education, 1(1), 29-51.
- Chen, C. (2011). A Study on correlations among elementary school teachers' leisure participation, leisure benefits, and work satisfaction. Journal of Management Science, 71, 15- 29.
- Chen, Z. Y. (2001). The study of elementary teachers' leisure participation, experience in leisure benefits, and work satisfaction in Taipei Country. National Taiwan Normal University.
- Chiung, E. H, Cheng, Y. T., Shane, C. L. (2014). A study of the influence of college students' exercise and leisure motivations on the leisure benefits - using leisure involvement as a moderator. International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation, 8(8),2382-2386.
- Cokuluk, O., Sekercioglu, G. & Buyukozturk, S. (2010). Multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publishing.
- Driver, B. L. (1996). Benefits- driven management of natural area. Natural Areas Journal, 16, 94-99.
- Driver, B. L., Brown, P. J. & Peterson, G. L. (1991). Research on leisure benefits: an introduction to this volume. In B. L. Driver, P. J. Brown & G. L. Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of leisure (pp. 3-12). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
- Heintzman, P. (2009) The spiritual benefits of leisure. Leisure/Loisir, 33(1), 419-445.
- Ho, T. K. (2008). A study of leisure attitudes and benefits for senior high school students at Ping- Tung City and country in Taiwan (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). United States Sports Academy, Daphne, AL.
- Hsieh, M. C. (2009). The study on users' participation motivation and leisure benefits of Yang Ming Sport Park in Taoyuan City. Journal of Management, 1(2),31-57.
- Hung, H. J. (2012). A study on leisure benefits breaking through leisure activities. Journal of National Taiwan Normal University, 3(4), 77-92.
- Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modelling with the SIMPLIS Command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
- Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (2004). LISREL 8.7 for Windows. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
- Karaküçük, S. (2005). Rekreasyon boş zamanları değerlendirme(Beşinci Baskı). Ankara:Gazi Kitabevi.
- Karaküçük, S., Akgül, M. (2016). Ekorekreasyon. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
- Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Publication.
- Kuo, C. T. (2013a). A study of the correlation between leisure benefits and behavioral intentions- Using bantou arts and cultural village as an example. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(4),1065-1074.
- Kuo, C. T. (2013b). Leisure involvement, leisure benefits, quality of life, and job satisfaction. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(2), 421-428.
- Lankford, S.V., Kowalski, C., Grybovich, O., Schuarte, G., Neal, L. L. (2007). An examination of the benefits of leisure and recreation opportunities to residents of a remote and isolated community: a study of the northwest territories of Canada. Journal of Research, 182), 19-23.
- Leitner, M. J., Leitner, S. F. (2012). Leisure enhancement (4th ed.). Urbana, USA: Sagamore
- Marsh, H.W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First- and higher-order factor models and their invariance across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 562-582.
- Mensink, G. B. M., Ziese, T., Kok, F. J. (1999). Benefits of Leisure-time physical activity on the cardiovascular risk profile at older age. International Journal of Epidemiology, 28, 659-666.
- Philipp, S. F. (1997). Race, Gender, and Leisure Benefits. Leisure Sciences, 19, 191- 207.
- Shyu, C. S. (2012). A study on the relationship among free-time management, leisure constraints and leisure benefits of employees in resort hotel. The Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 166-174.
- Sumer, N. (2000). Structural equation modelling: Basic concepts and best practices. Turkish Psychology Writings, 3, 49-74.
- Tezbasaran, A. A. (1997). The Likert-Type Scale Development Guide. Ankara: Turkish Psychological Association.
- Yan, W. (2013). Correlations of consumers, leisure motivation and leisure value with leisure benefits ─A case study on Taiwan International Orchid Show. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(3), 267-276.
- Yue, G. J. (2012). The Relationship between Leisure Involvement of Remote Control Plane Activities and Leisure Benefits (Unpublished Master Thesis). University of the Great Leaf, School of Management.
Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Year 2018,
Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 25 - 34, 01.01.2018
Beyza Merve Akgül
,
Ezgi Ertüzün
,
Suat Karaküçük
Abstract
Bu
çalışmanın amacı, “Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği”ni (2008) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve
ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği
5’li Likert tipi bir ölçek olup, 24 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya 20 yaş
ve üstü 421 kişi katılmıştır. Öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği incelenmiş
ve dilsel eşdeğerliğe sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlik ve güvenirlik
analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik çalışmasında, doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi (DFA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde
ölçeğin 3 faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği ve orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu
görülmüştür (CFA; GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05). Ölçeğin
Cronbach Alpha değeri .83 olup üç alt boyut için ise iç tutarlılık katsayıları
.80-.86 arasında değişmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin Türk popülasyonu için
geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir
References
- Ajzen, I. (1991). Benefits of leisure: A social psychological perspective. In B. L. Driver, P. J. Brown & G. L. Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of leisure (pp. 411-418). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
- Ardahan, F., Turgut, T., Kaplan Kalkan, A. (2016). Her yönüyle rekreasyon. Ankara : Detay
- Bammel, G., & Burrus- Bammel, L. L. (1996). Leisure and human behavior. Dubuque, Iowa: W. C. Brown.
- Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
- Büyüköztürk, S. (2008). Handbook for the research methods in the social sciences (9th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Academy Publishing.
- Caltabiano, M. L. (2006). Measuring the similarity among leisure activities based on a perceived stress-reduction benefit. Leisure Studies. 13(1), 17-31.
- Chao, C. C. (2013). The relationship among leisure involvement, leisure benefits, and happiness of elementary schoolteachers in Tainan County. International Research in Education, 1(1), 29-51.
- Chen, C. (2011). A Study on correlations among elementary school teachers' leisure participation, leisure benefits, and work satisfaction. Journal of Management Science, 71, 15- 29.
- Chen, Z. Y. (2001). The study of elementary teachers' leisure participation, experience in leisure benefits, and work satisfaction in Taipei Country. National Taiwan Normal University.
- Chiung, E. H, Cheng, Y. T., Shane, C. L. (2014). A study of the influence of college students' exercise and leisure motivations on the leisure benefits - using leisure involvement as a moderator. International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation, 8(8),2382-2386.
- Cokuluk, O., Sekercioglu, G. & Buyukozturk, S. (2010). Multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publishing.
- Driver, B. L. (1996). Benefits- driven management of natural area. Natural Areas Journal, 16, 94-99.
- Driver, B. L., Brown, P. J. & Peterson, G. L. (1991). Research on leisure benefits: an introduction to this volume. In B. L. Driver, P. J. Brown & G. L. Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of leisure (pp. 3-12). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
- Heintzman, P. (2009) The spiritual benefits of leisure. Leisure/Loisir, 33(1), 419-445.
- Ho, T. K. (2008). A study of leisure attitudes and benefits for senior high school students at Ping- Tung City and country in Taiwan (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). United States Sports Academy, Daphne, AL.
- Hsieh, M. C. (2009). The study on users' participation motivation and leisure benefits of Yang Ming Sport Park in Taoyuan City. Journal of Management, 1(2),31-57.
- Hung, H. J. (2012). A study on leisure benefits breaking through leisure activities. Journal of National Taiwan Normal University, 3(4), 77-92.
- Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modelling with the SIMPLIS Command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
- Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (2004). LISREL 8.7 for Windows. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
- Karaküçük, S. (2005). Rekreasyon boş zamanları değerlendirme(Beşinci Baskı). Ankara:Gazi Kitabevi.
- Karaküçük, S., Akgül, M. (2016). Ekorekreasyon. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
- Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Publication.
- Kuo, C. T. (2013a). A study of the correlation between leisure benefits and behavioral intentions- Using bantou arts and cultural village as an example. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(4),1065-1074.
- Kuo, C. T. (2013b). Leisure involvement, leisure benefits, quality of life, and job satisfaction. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(2), 421-428.
- Lankford, S.V., Kowalski, C., Grybovich, O., Schuarte, G., Neal, L. L. (2007). An examination of the benefits of leisure and recreation opportunities to residents of a remote and isolated community: a study of the northwest territories of Canada. Journal of Research, 182), 19-23.
- Leitner, M. J., Leitner, S. F. (2012). Leisure enhancement (4th ed.). Urbana, USA: Sagamore
- Marsh, H.W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First- and higher-order factor models and their invariance across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 562-582.
- Mensink, G. B. M., Ziese, T., Kok, F. J. (1999). Benefits of Leisure-time physical activity on the cardiovascular risk profile at older age. International Journal of Epidemiology, 28, 659-666.
- Philipp, S. F. (1997). Race, Gender, and Leisure Benefits. Leisure Sciences, 19, 191- 207.
- Shyu, C. S. (2012). A study on the relationship among free-time management, leisure constraints and leisure benefits of employees in resort hotel. The Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 166-174.
- Sumer, N. (2000). Structural equation modelling: Basic concepts and best practices. Turkish Psychology Writings, 3, 49-74.
- Tezbasaran, A. A. (1997). The Likert-Type Scale Development Guide. Ankara: Turkish Psychological Association.
- Yan, W. (2013). Correlations of consumers, leisure motivation and leisure value with leisure benefits ─A case study on Taiwan International Orchid Show. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(3), 267-276.
- Yue, G. J. (2012). The Relationship between Leisure Involvement of Remote Control Plane Activities and Leisure Benefits (Unpublished Master Thesis). University of the Great Leaf, School of Management.