“Acı Geçicidir, Gurur Ebedidir”: Spor Taraftarlarının Kimlik Koruma Stratejilerinin Anlaşılması

Year 2024, Volume: 29 Issue: 4, 227 - 238, 31.10.2024

Nurettin Göksu Çini , Ebru Güzel Kuyucu

https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1501777

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, favori takımlarının başarısızlıkları, kaybedilen şampiyonluklar ya da rakip takımların başarıları gibi olumsuz durumlar karşısında taraftarların pozitif sosyal kimliklerini nasıl koruduğunun anlaşılmasıdır. Fenomenolojik desende planlanan çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma gurubunu, takımının en az 10 maçına katılmış 14 yetişkin spor taraftarı oluşturmuştur. Yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, taraftarların takımlarına yönelik olumsuz durumlar karşısında kimliklerini koruma ve sürdürmeye yönelik, takımlarının gurur duydukları yönleri yansıtan sosyal yaratıcılık stratejileri izlerken; diğer yandan ait oldukları grubun özelliklerini, rakip takım ve taraftarlarla karşılaştırarak onlardan üstün yönlerini ön plana çıkaran sosyal rekabeti kullandıkları görülmüştür. Özellikle taraftarların, takımlarına yönelik oluşan gurur duyguları onların ait oldukları takım ve taraftar grubuna yönelik düşüncelerini etkileyerek kendilerini rakiplerinden üstün gören kolektif narsist bir yönelim kazandıkları belirlenmiştir. Taraftarların, en sadık müşteriler olduğu ve kulüp gelirlerinin önemli bir kısmını sağladığı düşünüldüğünde spor organizasyonları açısından davranışlarının anlaşılması hayati öneme sahiptir. Çalışmamızdan elde edilen sonuçlar, favori takımlarına yönelik olumsuz durumlarla karşılaşan taraftarların davranış biçimlerinin anlaşılması ve gelecek araştırmalara rehberlik etmesi adına kullanılabilir.

Keywords

Özdeşleşme, Taraftar kimliği, Gurur duyguları, Kolektif narsisizm

“Pain is Temporary, Pride is Forever”: Understanding Sports Fans' Identity-Maintenance Strategies

Abstract

The aim of this study is to understand how fans protect their positive social identities in the face of negative situations such as the failure of their favorite teams, lost championships, or the success of rival teams. We used the semi-structured interview technique, a qualitative research method, in the phenomenologically planned study. The research group consisted of 14 adult sports fans who attended at least 10 matches for their team. We analyzed the data obtained from face-to-face interviews using the content analysis method. The study's results revealed that fans employed social creativity strategies to highlight the aspects of their team they were proud of, while they also engaged in social competition to highlight their group's characteristics by comparing them with rival teams and fans. These strategies served as emotional coping mechanisms to protect and maintain their identities in the face of negative situations. Researchers have found that fans' pride in their team influences their perception of the team and fan group they belong to, leading to a collective narcissistic orientation where they perceive themselves as superior to their competitors. Considering that fans are the most loyal customers and provide a significant portion of club revenues, understanding their behavior is vital for sports organizations. The results obtained from our study can be used to understand the behavioral patterns of fans who encounter negative situations with their favorite teams and to guide future research.

Keywords

Identification, Fan identity, Pride feelings, Collective narcissism

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