Uluslararası Göç ve Afrika Birliği: Afrika’da Göç Dinamikleri ve Zorluklar

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 244 - 265, 30.12.2025

Ahmet Hamdi Çakmak , Süleyman Dal

https://doi.org/10.54627/gcd.1772982

Abstract

Bu çalışma; Afrika’daki uluslararası göçün farklılaşan dinamiklerini incelemeyi ve Afrika Birliği’nin (AB) bu göç akımlarını yönetme sürecinde karşılaştığı kurumsal ve politik zorlukları değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Konunun seçilme nedeni; göçün kıta genelinde siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik dönüşümlerin önemli bir belirleyicisi hâline gelmesi ve aynı zamanda Afrika’nın bölgesel entegrasyon gündemini şekillendirmesidir. Araştırma problemi; düzensiz göç, zorunlu yer değiştirme ve sınır ötesi hareketlilik karşısında Afrika Birliği’nin etkili göç yönetim stratejilerini geliştirmekte yeterli kurumsal kapasiteye sahip olup olmadığıdır. Yöntem olarak Afrika Birliği’nin politika çerçevelerine yönelik karşılaştırmalı analiz yapılmış, ayrıca güncel göç raporları ve akademik çalışmaların verileri incelenmiştir. Bulgular; göçün kurumsal parçalanma ve uyumlu politika eksikliği gibi yapısal sorunlar doğurmasına rağmen bölgesel iş birliği, emek hareketliliği ve sosyo-ekonomik gelişim için fırsatlar sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, etkili göç yönetişiminin Afrika Birliği’nin entegrasyon hedeflerini ilerletmede kritik olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın alan yazınına özgün katkısı; göçü hem bir sorun hem de bölgesel entegrasyon için potansiyel bir katalizör olarak ele alarak uluslararası göç ve Afrika yönetişimi alanında yapılan çalışmalara yeni bir bakış açısı sunmasıdır.

Keywords

Uluslararası Göç , Afrika Birliği , Göç Yönetişimi , Bölgesel Entegrasyon , Kurumsal Zorluklar

International Migration and the African Union: Migration Dynamics and Challenges in Africa

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the differentiated dynamics of international migration within Africa and to evaluate the institutional and policy challenges faced by the African Union (AU) in managing these flows. The selection of this topic is grounded in the increasing significance of migration as a driver of political, social, and economic transformations across the continent, as well as its role in shaping Africa’s regional integration agenda. The research problem centers on the AU’s limited institutional capacity to formulate effective migration governance strategies in the face of growing irregular migration, forced displacement, and cross-border mobility. Methodologically, the study relies on a comparative analysis of AU policy frameworks, complemented by data from recent migration reports and academic studies. Findings indicate that while migration presents structural challenges, such as institutional fragmentation and lack of harmonized policies, it also provides opportunities for fostering regional cooperation, labor mobility, and socio-economic development. The study concludes that strengthening migration governance is essential for advancing the AU’s integration objectives. The originality of this study lies in its focus on the dual character of migration, presented both as a challenge and a potential catalyst for regional integration, thus offering a nuanced contribution to the existing literature on African governance and international migration.

Keywords

International Migration , African Union , Migration Governance , Regional Integration , Institutional Challenges

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