DETERMINANT FACTORS OF RADICALIZATION AMONG ARAB UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore prevalence and the determinants factors of radicalization among the college students. A sample of 2709 university students was selected from Kuwait, UAE, KSA, Oman, Jordan, Tunisia, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, Gaza, and Palestine. A questionnaire was developed based on the literature review as a research tool. Findings showed an alarming signs of the prevalence of the general and violent among university students Three major determinants of radicalization were: 1 Personal factors: age, religion, religion effect, religious compliance, anger, fear, internet use, cheating in the exam, low self-control, and use of force. 2 . Family factors: Family size, number of employed persons in the family, father’s education, mother’s education, and mother’s job. 3 . Societal factors: State, nationality, feeling equity, feeling pride, life satisfaction, and life stress events. Findings raised the attention to the university environment threat and security’s vulnerabilities. Moreover, it calls the attention to the take in account encountering radical beliefs dissemination among university students. Security policies are needed to prevent hijacking the university by radicalism, and transiting the university as incubator for radicalization and path to terrorism. Policy and preventive measures are discussed.

Keywords

• Radicalization, Arab Universities, College students, Policy Implications

Arap Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında Radikalleşmeye Yol Açan Faktörler

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencileri arasında radikalleşmeye neden olan faktörleri ve radikalleşmenin yaygınlığını anlamaktır. Kuveyt, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Umman, Ürdün, Tunus, Fas, Lübna, Mısır ve Filistin’den 2709 kişilik bir örneklem üzerinde bu çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Literatür taramasına dayalı olarak bir anket geliştirildi. Ulaşılan bulgular üniversite öğrencileri arasında yaygın ve ciddi bir radikalleşme seviyesini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmaya dayalı olarak radikalleşmenin arkasında üç farklı etmen olduğu tartışılmaktadır: İlk olarak, yaş, din, dini etki, dinin hükümlerine uyma, öfke, internet kullanımı, sınavda kopya çekme, kendine güven seviyesinin düşüklüğü ve şiddet kullanımı gibi bireysel faktörler dikkate alınmıştır. Bunun yanısıra, ailenin büyüklüğü, ailede kaç kişinin çalıştığı, babanın eğitimi, annenin eğitimi ve annenin işi gibi ailevi faktörler göz önüne alınmıştır. Son olarak da devlet, milliyet, eşitlik algısı, onur duygusu, yaşamdan memnuniyet ve yaşam stresi gibi potansiyel etmenlere değinilmiştir. Makalede üniversite öğrencileri arasında radikal görüşlerle yüzleşilmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekilmekte, üniversite kampüslerinin radikalleşme sarmalına kapılmaması için polislere görev düştüğüne değinilmektedir

Keywords

• Radikalleşme, Arap Üniversiteleri, Üniversite Öğrencileri, Politika Önerileri

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