Gemi Kazan Arızalarının Bulanık DEMATEL Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi

Öz

Gemi kazanları, geminin tipine ve makinesine bakılmaksınızın her makine dairesinde olması gereken bir makinedir. Birden fazla tipi olup karmaşık operasyonlar içeren bu makineler, gemi ana makinesinin ısıtılması, gemi yardımcı makinelerinin ısıtılması, yaşam mahali ısınma sistemlerinin ihtiyacının karşılanması veya tankerlerde olabilen buhar türbinli pompaları çalıştırmak gibi birden fazla amaçla kullanılmaktadır. Buhar kazanları karmaşık yapılarından ve yüksek sıcaklık, basınç derecelerinde çalışmasından kaynaklı sistemlerin arıza verme ihtimali oldukça yüksektir. Çalışmada buhar kazanı arızalarını meydana getiren ve birbirini etkileyen arıza ve durumların öncelik sıralamasının yapılması, çözüm ve alınacaka aksiyonların belirlenmesi karar verme yöntemleri kullanarak yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Literatürde kullanılan karar verme yöntemleri; tek kriterli ve çok kriterli olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Kazan sistemlerini incelemek için birden fazla kriterin karşılaştırılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden Bulanık DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory-Karar verme denme ve değerlendirme labovatuvarı) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta buhar kazanlarının da en önemli noktalarının düzenli bakım olduğu ortaya çıkmış ve sistem kaynaklı arızlarının çoğunluğunun ateşleyici kısımdan meydana geldiği bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara göre ateşleyici sistemin yedek parçalarının gemide bulundurulması ve bu konuda makine zabitleririn bu konuda ekstra bilgilendirilmesi faydalı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gemi kazanları
• Çok kriterli karar verme
• Bulanık DEMATEL
• Arıza

Investigation of Ship Boiler Failures with Fuzzy DEMATEL Method

Abstract

Ship boilers are a machine that should be in every engine room regardless of the type and engine of the ship. These machines, which have more than one type and complex operations, are used for multiple purposes such as heating the ship's main engine, heating the ship's auxiliary machinery, meeting the needs of the living space heating systems or operating steam turbine pumps that can be in tankers. Due to the complex structure of steam boilers and their operation at high temperature and pressure levels, the probability of failure of the systems is quite high. In the study, it is aimed to prioritize the faults and situations that cause steam boiler failures and affect each other, and to determine the solutions and actions to be taken by using decision making methods. Decision making methods used in the literature are divided into two as single criteria and multi-criteria. In order to examine boiler systems, more than one criterion needs to be compared. In this thesis, Fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method that is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods, was used. As a result, it was revealed that the most important points of steam boilers are regular maintenance and it was found that the majority of system-related failures occur in the igniter part. According to these results, it would be useful to keep the spare parts of the igniter system on board and to inform the engine officers extra about this issue.

Keywords

• Fuzzy DEMATEL
• Ship boilers
• Multi criteria decision method
• Failure

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