Türkiye’de Mesleki Ortaöğretimden Mezun Arzı ile İşgücü Piyasası Talebi Ne Kadar Uyumlu?

Year 2021, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 1023 - 1050, 26.08.2021

Yusuf Çidem Fikret Yalım Feridun Saka Mahmut Özer , Eren Suna , Kemal Varın Numanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17152/gefad.952936

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Eğitim sürecinde mesleki beceriler kazanan mezunların işgücü piyasasına geçişi, mesleki eğitimin verimliliği ve ülkelerin ekonomik gelişimi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Birçok ülke, işgücü piyasasının beklentileri ile öğrencilerin tercihlerini izlemek ve uyumlandırmak için çeşitli çalışmalar yapmaktadır. Türkiye’de meslek eğitim mezunlarının işgücü piyasasının ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilme düzeyi uzun süredir tartışılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda oluşturulacak eğitim politikasına dayanak oluşturacak şekilde detaylı saha araştırmalarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada İŞKUR’un 2019 İşgücü Piyasası Araştırmasında (İPA) gösterilen ön lisans altı açık pozisyonlar ile aynı yıl mesleki ortaöğretimden mezun olan öğrencilerin meslek alanları arasındaki uyum bölgesel düzeyde incelenmiştir. Uyumun belirlenmesinde açık pozisyonlarda gereken beceriler ile bu becerilerin kazandırıldığı meslek alanları ilişkilendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, Türkiye genelinde işgücü piyasasının talepleri ile mesleki eğitim mezunlarının arzı arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, bazı alanlardaki uyumsuzluğun birçok bölgede eşzamanlı görüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, mesleki eğitimde işgücü piyasası talepleri ile mezun arzı uyumunun artırılması için bölge ve il düzeyinde yapılması gereken iyileştirilmelere işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

Mesleki ve teknik eğitim, Arz ve talep, Beceri uyuşmazlığı, İşgücü piyasası, Mezun arzı

How compatible is the Supply of Vocational Education and Training Graduates with Labor Market Demand in Turkey?

Abstract

The transition of a country's graduates with vocational skills into the labor market indicates both the efficiency of vocational education and training (VET) and economic development. Many countries have conducted studies to monitor and match the expectations of the labor market with students’ preferences. Scholars and policymakers in Turkey have long debated the compatibility of the level of VET graduates’ skills and needs of the labor market and called for field studies to form a basis for national policy. The current study examine the relationship between open job positions in diverse professions, as indicated by İŞKUR's 2019 Labor Market Research (IPA), and the vocational fields of VET students at the regional level. The skills required by the open positions and the vocational fields in which these skills were acquired are linked in this study to evaluate their compatibility. The research findings showed remarkable differences between the demands of the labor market and the supply of VET graduates across Turkey. In some vocational fields, the imbalance occurred simultaneously across multiple regions. The results emphasize the importance of improving the balance between supply-and-demand at both the regional and provincial level to increase the compatibility between labor market demands and supply in VET.

Keywords

Vocational education and training, Supply and demand, Skills mismatch, Labor market, Supply of graduates

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