Clinical Research
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Year 2022, , 577 - 582, 29.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1179659

Abstract

References

  • 1) Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87-108.
  • 2) Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-249.
  • 3) Jones RP, Kokudo N, Folprecht G, et al. Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Critical Review of State of the Art. Liver Cancer. 2016;6(1):66-71.
  • 4) McMillan DC. Systemic inflammation, nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009;12(3):223-226.
  • 5) Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30(7):1073-1081. 6) Varga G, Foell D. Anti-inflammatory monocytes-interplay of innate and adaptive immunity. Mol Cell Pediatr. 2018;5(1):5.
  • 7) Hong YF, Chen ZH, Wei L, et al. Identification of the prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with HBV-associated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017;14:2089-96.
  • 8) Magdy M, Hussein T, Ezzat A, Gaballah A. Pre-treatment Peripheral Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Marker in Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2019;50(4):763-768.
  • 9) Jiang H, Li H, Li A, et al. Preoperative combined hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet levels predict survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(44):72076-72083.
  • 10) Peng D, Zhang CJ, Gong YQ, et al. Prognostic significance of HALP (hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet) in patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):794.
  • 11) Güç ZG, Alacacıoğlu A, Kalender ME, et al. HALP score and GNRI: Simple and easily accessible indexes for predicting prognosis in advanced stage NSCLC patients. The Izmir oncology group (IZOG) study. Front Nutr. 2022;9:905292.
  • 12) Jemal A, Murray T, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2005 [published correction appears in CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Jul-Aug;55(4):259]. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55(1):10-30.
  • 13) Miller KD, Siegel RL, Lin CC, Mariotto AB, Kramer JL, Rowland JH, et al. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016; 66(4): 271-89.
  • 14) Gupta D, Lis CG. Pretreatment serum albumin as a predictor of cancer survival: a systematic review of the epidemiological literature. Nutr J. 2010;9:69.
  • 15) Oñate-Ocaña LF, Aiello-Crocifoglio V, Gallardo-Rincón D, et al. Serum albumin as a significant prognostic factor for patients with gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14(2):381-389.
  • 16) Lim JA, Oh CS, Yoon TG, et al. The effect of propofol and sevoflurane on cancer cell, natural killer cell, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: an in vitro analysis. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):159.
  • 17) Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-related inflammation. Nature. 2008;454(7203):436-444.
  • 18) Keeler BD, Mishra A, Stavrou CL, Beeby S, Simpson JA, Acheson AG. A cohort investigation of anaemia, treatment and the use of allogeneic blood transfusion in colorectal cancer surgery. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2015;6:6-11.
  • 19) Belcher DA, Ju JA, Baek JH, et al. The quaternary state of polymerized human hemoglobin regulates oxygenation of breast cancer solid tumors: A theoretical and experimental study. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0191275.
  • 20) Caro JJ, Salas M, Ward A, Goss G. Anemia as an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with cancer: a systemic, quantitative review. Cancer. 2001;91(12):2214-2221.
  • 21) Xia L, Hu G, Guzzo TJ. Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Anemia in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis. Anticancer Res. 2017;37(6):3175-3181.
  • 22) Zhang GM, Zhu Y, Luo L, et al. Preoperative lymphocyte-monocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios as predictors of overall survival in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. Tumour Biol 2015;36:8537-43.
  • 23) Chen XL, Xue L, Wang W, et al. Prognostic significance of the combination of preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet in patients with gastric carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Oncotarget. 2015;6(38):41370-41382.
  • 24) Cong L, Hu L. The value of the combination of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet in predicting platinum-based chemoradiotherapy response in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol. 2017;46:75-79.
  • 25) Jiang H, Li H, Li A, et al. Preoperative combined hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet levels predict survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(44):72076-72083.
  • 26) Peng D, Zhang CJ, Tang Q, et al. Prognostic significance of the combination of preoperative hemoglobin and albumin levels and lymphocyte and platelet counts (HALP) in patients with renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy. BMC Urol. 2018;18(1):20.
  • 27) Shen XB, Zhang YX, Wang W, Pan YY. The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Score in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer Before First-Line Treatment with Etoposide and Progression-Free Survival. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:5630-5639.
  • 28) Kawai K, Sunami E, Yamaguchi H, et al. Nomograms for colorectal cancer: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(41):11877-11886.
  • 29) Kanemitsu Y, Kato T, Hirai T, Yasui K. Preoperative probability model for predicting overall survival after resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2004;91(1):112-120.
  • 30) Toiyama Y, Miki C, Inoue Y, Tanaka K, Mohri Y, Kusunoki M. Evaluation of an inflammation-based prognostic score for the identification of patients requiring postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med. 2011; 2:95-101.
  • 31) Arnold D, Lueza B, Douillard JY, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of primary tumour side in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with chemotherapy and EGFR directed antibodies in six randomized trials. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(8):1713-1729.
  • 32) Zeng M, Kikuchi H, Pino MS, Chung DC. Hypoxia activates the K-ras proto-oncogene to stimulate angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis in colon cancer cells. PLoS One. 2010;5(6):e10966. Published 2010 Jun 4.
  • 33) Jiang Y, Mackley H, Cheng H, Ajani JA. Use of K-Ras as a predictive biomarker for selecting anti-EGF receptor/pathway treatment. Biomark Med. 2010;4(4):535-541.
  • 34) Ribeiro KB, Ribeiro KB, Feres O, et al. Clinical-Pathological Correlation of KRAS Mutation Status in Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. World J Oncol. 2013;4(4-5):179-187.
  • 35) Morris VK, Lucas FAS, Overman MJ, et al. Clinicopathologic characteristics and gene expression analyses of non-KRAS 12/13, RAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(10):2008-2014.
  • 36) Kawazoe A, Shitara K, Fukuoka S, et al. A retrospective observational study of clinicopathological features of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:258.

Halp Score: A Simple and Easily Accessible Index for Predicting Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Year 2022, , 577 - 582, 29.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1179659

Abstract

Objective: Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in the world, and survival times are seen to increase together with the increase in the options for targeted therapies, local ablative applications, and supportive care. The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet (HALP) score is used as a prognostic factor in different types of cancers. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic value of the HALP score in patients diagnosed with de novo metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods: De novo mCRC patients who were followed-up in the period from January 2017 to December 2021, were retrospectively evaluated. The optimal cut-off point for the HALP score was calculated with the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Predictive factors for overall survival were assessed with univariate analysis. Survival times were assessed with the Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results: A total of 213 patients were included in the study. Univariate analysis showed that patients with low BMI, high ECOG score, and tumors located in the right colon, and RAS mutant patients, and those with a low HALP score were associated with worse survival rates. Namely, the overall survival time of patients with a HALP score >16.74 was found as 91 months, while the overall survival time of patients with a HALP score ≤16.74 was found as 16 months (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our study showed the HALP score to be a simple, cost-effective, and useful marker that can predict OS in mCRC patients.

References

  • 1) Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87-108.
  • 2) Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-249.
  • 3) Jones RP, Kokudo N, Folprecht G, et al. Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Critical Review of State of the Art. Liver Cancer. 2016;6(1):66-71.
  • 4) McMillan DC. Systemic inflammation, nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009;12(3):223-226.
  • 5) Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30(7):1073-1081. 6) Varga G, Foell D. Anti-inflammatory monocytes-interplay of innate and adaptive immunity. Mol Cell Pediatr. 2018;5(1):5.
  • 7) Hong YF, Chen ZH, Wei L, et al. Identification of the prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with HBV-associated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017;14:2089-96.
  • 8) Magdy M, Hussein T, Ezzat A, Gaballah A. Pre-treatment Peripheral Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Marker in Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2019;50(4):763-768.
  • 9) Jiang H, Li H, Li A, et al. Preoperative combined hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet levels predict survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(44):72076-72083.
  • 10) Peng D, Zhang CJ, Gong YQ, et al. Prognostic significance of HALP (hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet) in patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):794.
  • 11) Güç ZG, Alacacıoğlu A, Kalender ME, et al. HALP score and GNRI: Simple and easily accessible indexes for predicting prognosis in advanced stage NSCLC patients. The Izmir oncology group (IZOG) study. Front Nutr. 2022;9:905292.
  • 12) Jemal A, Murray T, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2005 [published correction appears in CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Jul-Aug;55(4):259]. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55(1):10-30.
  • 13) Miller KD, Siegel RL, Lin CC, Mariotto AB, Kramer JL, Rowland JH, et al. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016; 66(4): 271-89.
  • 14) Gupta D, Lis CG. Pretreatment serum albumin as a predictor of cancer survival: a systematic review of the epidemiological literature. Nutr J. 2010;9:69.
  • 15) Oñate-Ocaña LF, Aiello-Crocifoglio V, Gallardo-Rincón D, et al. Serum albumin as a significant prognostic factor for patients with gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14(2):381-389.
  • 16) Lim JA, Oh CS, Yoon TG, et al. The effect of propofol and sevoflurane on cancer cell, natural killer cell, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: an in vitro analysis. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):159.
  • 17) Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-related inflammation. Nature. 2008;454(7203):436-444.
  • 18) Keeler BD, Mishra A, Stavrou CL, Beeby S, Simpson JA, Acheson AG. A cohort investigation of anaemia, treatment and the use of allogeneic blood transfusion in colorectal cancer surgery. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2015;6:6-11.
  • 19) Belcher DA, Ju JA, Baek JH, et al. The quaternary state of polymerized human hemoglobin regulates oxygenation of breast cancer solid tumors: A theoretical and experimental study. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0191275.
  • 20) Caro JJ, Salas M, Ward A, Goss G. Anemia as an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with cancer: a systemic, quantitative review. Cancer. 2001;91(12):2214-2221.
  • 21) Xia L, Hu G, Guzzo TJ. Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Anemia in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis. Anticancer Res. 2017;37(6):3175-3181.
  • 22) Zhang GM, Zhu Y, Luo L, et al. Preoperative lymphocyte-monocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios as predictors of overall survival in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. Tumour Biol 2015;36:8537-43.
  • 23) Chen XL, Xue L, Wang W, et al. Prognostic significance of the combination of preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet in patients with gastric carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Oncotarget. 2015;6(38):41370-41382.
  • 24) Cong L, Hu L. The value of the combination of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet in predicting platinum-based chemoradiotherapy response in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol. 2017;46:75-79.
  • 25) Jiang H, Li H, Li A, et al. Preoperative combined hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet levels predict survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(44):72076-72083.
  • 26) Peng D, Zhang CJ, Tang Q, et al. Prognostic significance of the combination of preoperative hemoglobin and albumin levels and lymphocyte and platelet counts (HALP) in patients with renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy. BMC Urol. 2018;18(1):20.
  • 27) Shen XB, Zhang YX, Wang W, Pan YY. The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Score in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer Before First-Line Treatment with Etoposide and Progression-Free Survival. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:5630-5639.
  • 28) Kawai K, Sunami E, Yamaguchi H, et al. Nomograms for colorectal cancer: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(41):11877-11886.
  • 29) Kanemitsu Y, Kato T, Hirai T, Yasui K. Preoperative probability model for predicting overall survival after resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2004;91(1):112-120.
  • 30) Toiyama Y, Miki C, Inoue Y, Tanaka K, Mohri Y, Kusunoki M. Evaluation of an inflammation-based prognostic score for the identification of patients requiring postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med. 2011; 2:95-101.
  • 31) Arnold D, Lueza B, Douillard JY, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of primary tumour side in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with chemotherapy and EGFR directed antibodies in six randomized trials. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(8):1713-1729.
  • 32) Zeng M, Kikuchi H, Pino MS, Chung DC. Hypoxia activates the K-ras proto-oncogene to stimulate angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis in colon cancer cells. PLoS One. 2010;5(6):e10966. Published 2010 Jun 4.
  • 33) Jiang Y, Mackley H, Cheng H, Ajani JA. Use of K-Ras as a predictive biomarker for selecting anti-EGF receptor/pathway treatment. Biomark Med. 2010;4(4):535-541.
  • 34) Ribeiro KB, Ribeiro KB, Feres O, et al. Clinical-Pathological Correlation of KRAS Mutation Status in Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. World J Oncol. 2013;4(4-5):179-187.
  • 35) Morris VK, Lucas FAS, Overman MJ, et al. Clinicopathologic characteristics and gene expression analyses of non-KRAS 12/13, RAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(10):2008-2014.
  • 36) Kawazoe A, Shitara K, Fukuoka S, et al. A retrospective observational study of clinicopathological features of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:258.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Zeynep Güç 0000-0001-8960-2208

Publication Date October 29, 2022
Submission Date September 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

Vancouver Güç Z. Halp Score: A Simple and Easily Accessible Index for Predicting Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Genel Tıp Derg. 2022;32(5):577-82.