Salerno Tıp Okulu

Year 2015, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 71 - 76, 01.06.2015

Berrin Okka

Abstract

Salerno Tıp Okulu, dokuzuncu yüzyılda antik dönem okullarının geleneğini canlandırarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Rahipler tarafından ku- rulan bu okul çok ünlü olmuş, kadınların da öğrenci olarak kabul edildiği Salerno Tıp Okulu Avrupa’da sonradan gelen tıp okulları için bir örnek oluşturmuştur. Okul, Yunan ve Latin kültürünü İslam, Arap ve Yahudi geleneği ile birleştirmiş, Avrupa, İspanya ve Anadolu’dan tıp eğitimi almak isteyen öğrencilerin yoğun ilgisini çekmiştir. Salerno Tıp Okulu öğrencilerin eğitiminde Hipokrat ve Galen gibi eski ustaların öğretiminden yararlanmıştır. Salerno’daki kilise tarafından korunan zengin bir tıp literatürüne sahip olması okulun başarılı olmasına büyük katkıda bulunmuştur. İbn-i Sina’nın ünlü eseri “El-Kanun fi’t-tıb” burada uzun yıllar tıp kitabı ola- rak okutulmuştur. Okulun eğitim programı pratik eğitimin önemini vurgulama açısından günümüz tıp okullarının programından çok farklı değildi. Tıp okulunun ünlü olmasını sağlayan diğer bir etken de tıp eğitimi ile ilgili ünlü bir eser olan ve sağlığı korumakla ilgili önerileri şiirle anlatan Salerno Okulunun Sağlık Kodları olarak bilinen “Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum” isimli kitabın burada okutulmasıydı. Gerçek yazarı bilinmeyen bu eser başta İngilizce olmak üzere birçok dile çevrilmiştir. Salerno Tıp Okulu 12. yüzyıldan sonra önemini giderek kaybetmiş ve 1811 yılında Napolyon döneminde kapatılmıştır

Keywords

Salerno Tıp Okulu, tıp eğitiminin tarihi, Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum

The Medical School of Salerno

Abstract

The Medical School of Salerno appeared in the ninth century, reviving the tradition of the Ancient Schools. It was founded by monks and became very famous. It is known that the school admitted women as medical students. It became a model for subsequent medical schools throughout Europe. The Medical School of Salerno joined the Greek and Latin culture with the Islamic, Arab and Jewish tradition. Medical education in Salerno attracted students who want to take medical education from all over Europe, Spain and Asia Minor. Salerno Medical School’s education benefited from the learning of ancient masters, such as Hippocrates and Galen. The collections of medical literature preserved in the monasteries contributed to the achievement of the Medical School of Salerno. Ibn Sina’s famous work “Canon of Medicine” was studied as a medical text book for many years. The curriculum of the school was not very different from the curriculum of medical schools today by emphasizing the practical nature of medicine. The other factor that makes the Salernitan School famous was the “Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum” which was best known work and written as a poem about advices to be in good health. The real writer of the book was not known and it was translated to English as first and later translated to every language. Medical School of Salerno lost its importance after the 12th century and closed during Napoleonic period in 1811

Keywords

Salerno Medical School, the history of medical education, Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum

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