Aeginalı Paul: Bizans döneminde ünlü bir cerrah ve tıp doktoru

Year 2015, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 33 - 39, 01.03.2015

Berrin Okka

Abstract

Aeginalı Paul MS.625–690 , Aegina adasında doğmuş ve tıp eğitimini İskenderiye’de almıştır. Hayatı ile ilgili fazla bilgi bulunmayan Paul’un çok fazla seyahat yaptığı bilinmektedir. Yetenekli bir cerrah olan Paul, Bizans doktorlarının en ünlülerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Zamanının tıp ansiklopedisi olan ve yedi kitaptan oluşan Epitom’u yazmıştır. Kitabının orijinal adı “Epitomes iatrikes biblio hepta” Latince adıyla “Epitomae medicae libri septem” ’dır. Aeginalı Paul, Yunan ve Roma tıbbının korunmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Özellikle cerrahi işlemlerle ilgili olan altıncı kitabının cerrahi tarihi için ayrı bir önemi vardır. Cerrahi ile ilgili olan altıncı kitabında litotomi, herniotomi, parasentez, meme amputasyonu ve trakeostomi gibi cerrahi işlemlerin orijinal anlatımları bulunmaktadır. Paul kitabında, göz ameliyatları, diş çekimi, tonsillektomi ameliyatı, burundan polip alınması gibi diğer bazı cerrahi işlemleri de açıklamıştır. Epitom’un yedinci kitabında sadece ilaçlardan söz edilmektedir. Kitap 600 adet bitki ve 80 adet botanik ol- mayan karışımlardan oluşan bir alfabetik katalogu içermekte ayrıca bu ilaçların farmakolojik özellikleri anlatılmaktadır. A e g i n a l ı Paul, Hipokrat’ın ayak izlerini takip etmiş, görüşlerinde Galen’in yazılarını temel almıştır. Sadece kendi dönemini değil sonraki za- manları da etkilemiştir. Bir tıp ansiklopedisi olan kitabı Epitom ile batı ve doğu tıbbı arasında bir iletişim kurmuş, bilgisini ve pek çok cerrahi deneyimini günümüze kadar taşımıştır

Keywords

Aeginalı Paul, Bizans tıbbı, tıp tarihi

Paul of Aegina: Most renown Byzantine physician and surgeon

Abstract

Paul of Aegina 625-690 AD was born on the island of Aegina and trained medicine at Alexandria. Not much is known about his life, but he traveled a lot visiting many places. Paul was a very skillful surgeon and accepted as one of the most renown of Byzantine physicians. He wrote medical encyclopedia, the best of his time called “Epitome of Medicine” which consisted of seven books. The original name of his book is “Epitomes iatrikes biblio hepta” Latin: “Epitomae medicae libri septem” . He played an important role as a preserver of Greek and Roman medicine. The most important portion of Paul’s work for the history of medicine is contained in his sixth book on surgery. His book provided original descriptions of procedures including lithotomy, herniotomy, paracentesis, am- putation of breast and tracheostomy. Paul explained some other surgical procedures such as eye surgery, extracting teeth, removing tonsils, removing polyps from the nose. The seventh book of Epitome is devoted only to drugs. The book included 600 plants and 80 non botanical ingredients into an alphabetical catalogue and described their pharmacological properties. Paul of Aegina in particular followed the foot marks of Hippocrates and his ideas were based on the writings of Galen, and influenced not only his own but also the subsequent ages. He communicated between western and eastern medicine with his book Epitoma as a medical encyclopedia and transferred his knowledge with a lot of surgical experience to the subsequent ages

Keywords

Paul of Aegina, Byzantine medicine, history of medicine

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