COVID-19 Aşılarına Yönelik Güven Durumlarını Etkileyen Faktörler ve Post COVID Sendromu Prevalansı

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 4, 429 - 434, 31.08.2024

Berkhan Topaktaş , Meryem Çetin , Aslı Memiş , Zeliha Karapelit

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1346388

Abstract

Giriş/Amaç: Toplumun aşılara yönelik tutum ve güven düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, aşı uygulaması sonrası da oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amaçları Amasya il merkezinde yaşayan on sekiz yaş ve üstü bireylerde; post COVID prevalansını, COVID-19 aşıları sonrası görülen yan etkileri ve COVID-19 aşılarına yönelik güven durumunu etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışmanın evrenini Amasya il merkezinde yaşayan on sekiz yaş ve üzeri kişiler oluşturdu. En az 392 kişiye ulaşılması hedeflendi. Veri toplama işlemi araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formu aracılığı ile 15/08/2022 - 15/09/2022 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi.
Bulgular: Kronik COVID tanımına uyan kişi sayısı 55 (%20,0) olarak tespit edildi. Üç yüz dokuz kişide (%43,2) en az bir doz aşı sonrası yan etki geliştiği bulundu. Aşıların tümüne güvenme oranı aşı sonrası yan etki gelişmeyenlerde, bilgi kaynağı olarak sosyal medya kullanmayanlarda, 65 yaş ve üzeri grupta, köylerde ikamet edenlerde, öğrenim durumu ortaokul ve altı olan bireylerde ve çalışmayanlar ile ev hanımlarında daha yüksekti (p<0,001).
Sonuç: Aşıların toplum tarafından kabul edilmesi için sosyal medya gibi mecraların aşıya olan güveni hangi yollarla azalttığı incelenmeli ve yapılacak çalışmalarla özellikle eğitim düzeyi yüksek olan kişilerde aşıya olan güvensizliğin nedenleri belirlenmelidir.

Keywords

COVID-19, Aşı, Yan etki, Güven, Tutum

Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence and Prevalence of Post-COVID Syndrome

Abstract

Background/Aims: Determining the attitudes and confidence levels of society towards vaccines is important even after administering vaccinations. The aims of this study are: to determine the prevalence of post-COVID syndrome, the side effects after COVID-19 vaccinations, and the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine confidence in individuals aged eighteen and over.
Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of people aged eighteen and above living in the city center of Amasya. It was aimed to reach 392 people. Data collection was carried out between August 15 – September 15, 2022, through a questionnaire prepared by the researchers.
Results: The number of people having chronic COVID condition was 55 (20.0%). Three hundred nine people (43.2%) developed side effects after at least one dose of the vaccine. The rate of trusting all the vaccines was higher among those who did not develop side effects after vaccination, who did not use social media as a source of information, who were aged 65 and over, who resided in rural areas, who had secondary school education and below, who did not work and who were housewives (p<0.001).
Conclusions: In order for the vaccines to be accepted by the society, the ways in which media such as social media reduce the trust in the vaccine should be examined and the reasons for the lack of confidence in the vaccine should be determined, especially in people with a high education level.

Keywords

COVID-19, Vaccine, Side effect, Confidence, Attitude

References

• WHO. COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update, Edition 139, 2023. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---20-april-2023. Accessed April 23, 2023.
• Raveendran A, Jayadevan R, Sashidharan S. Long COVID: an overview. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: JCRR. 2021;15(3):869-875.
• COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker 2022. https://covid19.trackvaccines.org/vaccines/approved/#vaccine-list. Accessed February 19, 2023.
• Park JW, Lagniton PN, Liu Y, Xu R-H. mRNA vaccines for COVID-19: What, why and how. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2021;17(6):1446.
• WHO. COVID-19 Vaccines 2022. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19-vaccines. Accessed June 22, 2022.
• Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Information Platform 2023. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/. Accessed February 19, 2023.
• Al‐Amer R, Maneze D, Everett B, Montayre J, Villarosa AR, Dwekat E, et al. COVID‐19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review. J. Clin. Nurs. 2022;31(1-2):62-86.
• Arnold DT, Hamilton FW, Milne A, Morley AJ, Viner J, Attwood M, et al. Patient outcomes after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and implications for follow-up: results from a prospective UK cohort. Thorax. 2021;76(4):399-401.
• Wallis TJ, Heiden E, Horno J, Welham B, Burke H, Freeman A, et al. Risk factors for persistent abnormality on chest radiographs at 12-weeks post hospitalisation with PCR confirmed COVID-19. Respir. Res. 2021;22(1):1-9.
• Abalı H, Demir D, Gül Ş, Veske NŞ, Onur ST. Analysis of post-COVID symptoms and predisposing factors for chronic post-COVID syndrome. Tuberk Toraks. 2023;71(4):378-89.
• Silva Andrade B, Siqueira S, de Assis Soares WR, de Souza Rangel F, Santos NO, dos Santos Freitas A, et al. Long-COVID and post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms. Viruses. 2021;13(4):700.
• Celal Bayar University. Karşılaştırmalı 3 Doz COVID-19 Aşı (Coronavac ya da Biontech) Etkililik Sonuçları 2 Doz Coronavac Sonrası 6. Ay Takip Sonuçları 2021. https://www.mcbu.edu.tr/Haber/MCBU-Karsilastirmali-3-Doz-COVID-19-Asi-(Coronavac-ya-da-Biontech)--Etkililik-Sonuclari-2-Doz-Coronavac-Sonrasi-6_-Ay-Takip-Sonuclari_09_06_1 Accessed September 26, 2022.
• Kılbaş EPK, Bayar T, Kılbaş İ, Altındiş M. Diş Hekimleri ve Diş Hekimi Adaylarının COVID-19 Aşı Durumları ve Aşılara Karşı Tutumları. 2nd International Dental Oral Infections Congress 2022, Poster presentation, 2022
• Dighriri IM, Alhusayni KM, Mobarki AY, Aljerary IS, Alqurashi KA, Aljuaid FA, et al. Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) Side Effects: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2022;14(3).
• Sprent J, King C. COVID-19 vaccine side effects: The positives about feeling bad. Sci. Immunol. 2021;6(60):eabj9256.
• Şenol DK, Ağralı C, Omuş DC. Views of Faculty of Health Sciences Students on COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnancy and COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy. JOWHEN. 2022;8(2):50-62.
• Alıcılar HE, Türk MT, Toprak ÖN, Şahin D, Üsküdar A, Dalkıran D, et al. Attitudes of Ankara University Medical Faculty Term 3 Students Towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Related Factors. J Ankara Univ Fac Med. 2022;75(1):69-76
• Troiano G, Nardi A. Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19. Public health. 2021;194:245-51.
• Derya G, Kesgin Y. Digital Parenthood, Vaccine Hesitancyand COVID-19: Determining Digital Parents’ Attitudes on COVID-19 Anti-Vaccination Movement. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi. 2021;(56):165-184.
• Çopur EÖ, Karasu F. Thoughts and Attitudes of Individuals About COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Turkiye Klin. J. Medical Sci. 2022;7(2):525-533.
• Argüt N, Yetim A, Gökçay G. The Factors Affecting Vaccination Acceptance. Journal of Child. 2016;16(1):16-24.
• Yıldırım GÖ, Emine O. Knowledge Level and Preferences of Industrial Area Employees About COVID-19 Antiviral Vaccines - Case Of Aydin Organized Industrial Zone. Journal of Pre-Hospital. 2022;7(1):51-61.
• Biswas MR, Alzubaidi MS, Shah U, Abd-Alrazaq AA, Shah Z. A scoping review to find out worldwide COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its underlying determinants. Vaccines. 2021;9(11):1243.
• Orangi S, Pinchoff J, Mwanga D, Abuya T, Hamaluba M, Warimwe G, et al. Assessing the level and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine confidence in Kenya. Vaccines. 2021;9(8):936.
• Alhumaid S, Al Mutair A, Al Alawi Z, Rabaan AA, Tirupathi R, Alomari MA, et al. Anaphylactic and nonanaphylactic reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AACI. 2021;17(1):1-24.
• Zheng C, Shao W, Chen X, Zhang B, Wang G, Zhang W. Real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a literature review and meta-analysis. IJID. 2022;114:252-260.