Protective Factors, Stress and Anxiety Effects on the Resilience Levels of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 4, 491 - 499, 31.08.2024

Ceren Türkdoğan Görgün , Elif Erbay

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1457311

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated how protective factors, stress and anxiety levels affect the resilience levels of healthcare workers (HCWs) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific aims included examining whether resilience levels among HCWs vary significantly based on demographic variables.
Methods: A total of 303 HCWs from two training and research hospitals completed the survey. Protective Factors for Resilience Scale (PFRS), The Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics–9 Items Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analyses, construct validity analysis, discriminant validity analysis, structural equation modelling, t-test and ANOVA were conducted respectively.
Results: Only the impact of the individual sub-factor of PFRS on the resilience level of HCWs was positive and significant (b=.847, t= 8.670, p<.001); stress and anxiety levels of HCWs to viral epidemics on their resilience level were both insignificant (b= .039, t=-.468, p=.640; b= .095, t=1.073, p=.283). The resilience level of HCWs who were male (M=4.53, SD=.55), were married (M=4.50, SD=.55), had high school graduates (M=4.87, SD=.27), had 31 years and above experience (M=5.00, SD=.00), had children (M=4.54, SD=. 53), and exercised 2-3 days a week (M=4.54, SD=.46) had significantly higher levels of resilience.
Conclusion: This study pointed out that individual protective factors (such as healthy skills and abilities) effect resilience of HCWs positively and play a crucial for the mental health of HCWs. HCWs who were man, married, low educated, more experienced, had children and doing sports 2-3 days a week had significantly higher resilience.

Keywords

resilience, stress, anxiety, protective factors, healthcare workers, pandemics

Ethical Statement

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Giresun University on 09.3.2022 with decision number E-50288587-050.01.04-80432.

Koruyucu Faktörler, Stres ve Anksiyetenin COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, koruyucu faktörlerin, stres ve kaygı düzeylerinin COVID-19 salgını boyunca sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeylerini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmıştır. Özel amaçlar arasında, sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının demografik değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin incelenmesi de yer almaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: İki eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinden toplam 303 sağlık çalışanı anketi tamamlamıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Psikolojik Dayanıklılık için Koruyucu Faktörler Ölçeği, Viral Salgınlara Karşı Stres ve Kaygı Ölçeği ve Kısa Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sırasıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenilirlik analizleri, yapı geçerliliği analizi, ayırıcı geçerlilik analizi, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi, t-testi ve ANOVA yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Psikolojik Dayanıklılık için Koruyucu Faktörler Ölçeği’nin sadece Bireysel alt faktörünün sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyi üzerindeki etkisi pozitif ve anlamlıdır (b=.847, t= 8.670, p<.001); sağlık çalışanlarının viral salgınlara karşı stres ve kaygı düzeylerinin psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi ise anlamsız bulunmuştur (b= .039, t=-.468, p=.640; b= .095, t=1.073, p=.283). Erkek (M=4.53, SD=.55), evli (M=4.50, SD=.55), lise mezunu (M=4.87, SD=.27), 31 yıl ve üzeri deneyime sahip (M=5.00, SD=.00), çocuk sahibi (M=4.54, SD=. 53) ve haftada 2-3 gün egzersiz yapan (M=4.54, SD=.46) sağlık çalışanlarının dayanıklılık düzeyleri anlamlı derecede daha yüksek çıkmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, bireysel koruyucu faktörlerin (sağlıklı beceriler ve yetenekler gibi) sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılığını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ve sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik sağlığı için önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Erkek, evli, düşük eğitimli, daha deneyimli, çocuk sahibi ve haftada 2-3 gün spor yapan sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ise anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksektir.

Keywords

Psikolojik dayanıklılık, Stres, Anksiyete, Koruyucu Faktörler, Sağlık Çalışanları, Pandemi

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