Agrega Aşınma ve Dayanım Özelliklerinin Kaya Malzeme Deneyleriyle Tanımlanması ve Değerlendirilmesi
Year 2022,
Volume: 55 Issue: 1, 20 - 36, 10.06.2022
İbrahim Çobanoğlu
,
Sefer Beran Çelik
Abstract
Agregaların kullanım alanlarının çoğalması, farklı litolojik özelliklere sahip kaya türlerinin de agrega olarak kullanılabilirliklerinin araştırılmasını gerektirmiştir. Agregalar için kullanım koşullarını belirlemeye yarayan teknik parametreler ancak deneysel çalışmalarla ortaya konulabilmektedir. Bu çalışmalar ise hem zaman ve hem de belirli bir maliyetin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Deney standartlarına uygun bir şekilde yapılmayan test çalışmaları tutarsız ve hatalı sonuçlar vermektedir. Bu durum, deney parametrelerinin korelatif olarak değerlendirilebilmesini ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 10 farklı lokasyona ait karbonat kökenli kayaçlar ve bunlardan elde edilmiş agrega malzemeleri kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Los Angeles aşınma (LAD) ve darbe dayanım (DD) değerlerinin kayaca ait diğer fiziksel ve mekanik parametrelerle olan ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu iki parametre, kayacın birim hacim ağırlığı (KBHA) ve dikey aşınma değeri (DA) ile doğrudan ilişkili tanımlamalar yapılabilmesini sağlamaktadır. Bunun haricinde Los Angeles aşınma değeri (LAD) ile darbe dayanım (DD) değeri arasında oldukça tutarlı ilişkilerin olduğu da belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında belirlenmiş tek eksenli sıkışma dayanımı, Schmidt sertliği ve sonik hız değerleri ile Los Angeles aşınma ve darbe dayanım değerleri arasında korelatif ilişkilerin kurulabilmesi mümkün olmamıştır. Kaya malzeme ölçeğinde örnek boyutu büyüdüğünde elde edilen parametreler ile agrega ölçeğinde örnek boyutu küçüldüğünde elde edilen parametrelerin korelasyonunun zorlaştığı değerlendirilmiştir.
References
- Adomako, S., Engelsen, C.J., Thorstensen, R.T., Barbieri, D. M., 2021. Review of the relationship between aggregates geology and Los Angeles and micro-Deval tests, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 80, 1963–1980.
- Ahmad, M., Ansari, M.K., Sharma, L.K., Singh, R., Singh, T.N., 2017. Correlation between Strength and Durability Indices of Rocks- Soft Computing Approach, Procedia Engineerng, 191, pp. 458 – 466.
- Ajalloeaian, R., Kamani, M., 2019. An investigation of the relationship between Los Angeles abrasion loss and rock texture for carbonate aggregates, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 78:1555–1563.
- Al-Akhaly, A.İ., 2018. Engineering Properties of Basalt Coarse Aggregates in Hamdan Area, NW Sana’a, Yemen, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 42, 159 – 174.
- Al-Akhaly, A.İ., Al-Sakkaf, A.A., 2020. Assessment of Engineering Properties of Al-Haweri Scoria, NW Sana’a, Yemen, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 44, 117 – 131.
- Al-Harthi, A.A., 2001. A field index to determine the strength characteristics of crushed aggregate. Bull Eng Geol Environ 60:193–200.
- American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AASHTO T 96, 2002. Standard Method of Test for Resistance to Degradation of Small-size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
- AS 1141.23, 2009. AS Standards Australia, Methods for sampling and testing aggregates – Method 23: Los Angeles Value.
- ASTM C131, 2014. Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
- Brennan, M.J., Crawley, K.I., Sheahan, J.N., Jordan, J., 2011. Ranking the Performance of Aggregates using CEN Test Results, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 4:4, 439-454.
- BSI, British Standards Institution BS 812-112, 1990. Testing aggregates Part 112: Methods for determination of aggregate impact value (AIV).
- Cuelho, E., Mokwa, R., Obert, K., Miller, A., 2007. Comparative Analysis of Coarse Surfacing Aggregate Using Micro-Deval, L.A. Abrasion and Sodium Sulfate Soundness Tests. Final report for the Montana Department of Transportation, FHWA/MT-06-016/8117-27.
- Çobanoğlu, İ., Çelik, S.B., Dinçer, İ., Alkaya, D., 2009. Core size and time effects on water absorption values of rock and cement mortar samples, Bull Eng Geol Environ., 68:483–489.
- Esfahani MK, Kamani M, Ajalloeian R., 2019. An investigation of the general relationships between abrasion resistance of aggregates and rock aggregate properties. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 78 (6) :3959–3968.
- Ioannou, I., Petrou, M.F., Fournai, R., Andreou, A., Hadjigeorgiou, C., Tsikouros, B., Hatzipanagiotou, K., 2019. Crusher limestone as an aggregate in concrete production: the Cyprus case, Geological Society, Special Publications, Vol. 331, pp. 127 – 135, London.
- Jayawardena, A.S., 2008. A Study on The Relationship between Aggregate Impact Values (AIV) and Los Angeles Abrasion Values (LAAV) of Charnockites/Charnockitic Gneisses in Sri Lanka, Engineer, Vol. 03, pp. 37 – 41, Sri Lanka.
- JSA JIS A 1121, Japanese Standard Association, 2007. Method of test for resistance to abrasion of coarse aggregate by use of the Los Angeles Machine.
- Kahraman, S., Fener, M., 2007. Predicting the Los Angeles abrasion loss of rock aggregates from the uniaxial compressive strength, Materials Letters 61, 4861–4865.
- Kılıç, A.M., Kahraman, E., 2017. Çukurova Bölgesi Kireçtaşlarının Los Angeles Aşınma Direnci ile Fiziko-Mekanik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(4), ss. 31-38.
- Kissakwa, L.R.S., Verhoef, P.N.W., 1991. Correlation study of aggregate strength tests, Proceedings of the 2nd Internationa Conference on Aggregates, Erlangen, Germany.
- Mohajerani, A., Nguyen, R.T., Tanrıverdi, Y., Chandrawanka, K., 2017. A new practical method for determining the LA abrasion value for aggregates, Soils and Foundations, 57, pp. 840 – 848.
- SASO 279., 1982. Saudi ARabian Standards Organization, Methods of test for concrete aggregate – Part 5: Determination of coarse aggregate resistance to abrasion Los Angeles Machine.
- Stalheim, J., 2004. Comparative study of established test methods for aggregate strength and durability of Archean rocks from Botswana, Msc thesis, Uppsala University Department of Earth Science, 36 p. Bostwana.
- Teymen, A., 2017. Estimation of Los Angeles abrasion resistance of igneous rocks from mechanical aggregate properties, Bull Eng Geol Environ., 78:837–846.
TS 706 EN 12620+A1, 2009. Beton Agregaları, 50 s, TSE Yayını, Ankara.
- TS EN 14157 (2004). Natural stones - Determination of abrasion resistance. European Standard, 19 p.
- TS EN 1926 (2006). Natural stone test methods - Determination of uniaxial compressive strength. European Committee for Standardization, 20 p.
- TS EN 1936 (2006). Natural stone test methods - Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity. European Committee for Standardization, 11 p.
- Tuncay, E.B., Yağmurlu, F., Ceylan, H., 2015. Karaöz (Antalya-Türkiye) Civarındaki Dolomitik Kireçtaşlarının Beton Agregası Olarak Kullanılabilirliği, SDÜ Teknik Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 5, Sayı 1, s. 48 – 57.
- Tunç, E.T., Alyamaç, K.E., 2020. Farklı Test Parametreleri için Agrega Tipinin Los Angeles Aşınma Kaybı Üzerine Etkisi, Fırat Üniversitesi Müh. Bil. Dergisi, 32(1), 1 – 10.
- Ugbe, F.C., 2020. Petrography and Physicomechanical Characteristics of Iyuku Granite, Southwestern Nigeria, Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 61, No. 11, pp. 2926 – 2935.
- Wu, Y., Parker, F., Kandhal, K., 1998. Aggregate Toughness/Abrasıon Resıstance Anddurabılıty/Soundness Tests Related To Asphalt Concrete Performance In Pavements, NCAT Report No. 98-4, 26 p.
Year 2022,
Volume: 55 Issue: 1, 20 - 36, 10.06.2022
İbrahim Çobanoğlu
,
Sefer Beran Çelik
References
- Adomako, S., Engelsen, C.J., Thorstensen, R.T., Barbieri, D. M., 2021. Review of the relationship between aggregates geology and Los Angeles and micro-Deval tests, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 80, 1963–1980.
- Ahmad, M., Ansari, M.K., Sharma, L.K., Singh, R., Singh, T.N., 2017. Correlation between Strength and Durability Indices of Rocks- Soft Computing Approach, Procedia Engineerng, 191, pp. 458 – 466.
- Ajalloeaian, R., Kamani, M., 2019. An investigation of the relationship between Los Angeles abrasion loss and rock texture for carbonate aggregates, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 78:1555–1563.
- Al-Akhaly, A.İ., 2018. Engineering Properties of Basalt Coarse Aggregates in Hamdan Area, NW Sana’a, Yemen, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 42, 159 – 174.
- Al-Akhaly, A.İ., Al-Sakkaf, A.A., 2020. Assessment of Engineering Properties of Al-Haweri Scoria, NW Sana’a, Yemen, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 44, 117 – 131.
- Al-Harthi, A.A., 2001. A field index to determine the strength characteristics of crushed aggregate. Bull Eng Geol Environ 60:193–200.
- American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AASHTO T 96, 2002. Standard Method of Test for Resistance to Degradation of Small-size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
- AS 1141.23, 2009. AS Standards Australia, Methods for sampling and testing aggregates – Method 23: Los Angeles Value.
- ASTM C131, 2014. Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
- Brennan, M.J., Crawley, K.I., Sheahan, J.N., Jordan, J., 2011. Ranking the Performance of Aggregates using CEN Test Results, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 4:4, 439-454.
- BSI, British Standards Institution BS 812-112, 1990. Testing aggregates Part 112: Methods for determination of aggregate impact value (AIV).
- Cuelho, E., Mokwa, R., Obert, K., Miller, A., 2007. Comparative Analysis of Coarse Surfacing Aggregate Using Micro-Deval, L.A. Abrasion and Sodium Sulfate Soundness Tests. Final report for the Montana Department of Transportation, FHWA/MT-06-016/8117-27.
- Çobanoğlu, İ., Çelik, S.B., Dinçer, İ., Alkaya, D., 2009. Core size and time effects on water absorption values of rock and cement mortar samples, Bull Eng Geol Environ., 68:483–489.
- Esfahani MK, Kamani M, Ajalloeian R., 2019. An investigation of the general relationships between abrasion resistance of aggregates and rock aggregate properties. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 78 (6) :3959–3968.
- Ioannou, I., Petrou, M.F., Fournai, R., Andreou, A., Hadjigeorgiou, C., Tsikouros, B., Hatzipanagiotou, K., 2019. Crusher limestone as an aggregate in concrete production: the Cyprus case, Geological Society, Special Publications, Vol. 331, pp. 127 – 135, London.
- Jayawardena, A.S., 2008. A Study on The Relationship between Aggregate Impact Values (AIV) and Los Angeles Abrasion Values (LAAV) of Charnockites/Charnockitic Gneisses in Sri Lanka, Engineer, Vol. 03, pp. 37 – 41, Sri Lanka.
- JSA JIS A 1121, Japanese Standard Association, 2007. Method of test for resistance to abrasion of coarse aggregate by use of the Los Angeles Machine.
- Kahraman, S., Fener, M., 2007. Predicting the Los Angeles abrasion loss of rock aggregates from the uniaxial compressive strength, Materials Letters 61, 4861–4865.
- Kılıç, A.M., Kahraman, E., 2017. Çukurova Bölgesi Kireçtaşlarının Los Angeles Aşınma Direnci ile Fiziko-Mekanik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(4), ss. 31-38.
- Kissakwa, L.R.S., Verhoef, P.N.W., 1991. Correlation study of aggregate strength tests, Proceedings of the 2nd Internationa Conference on Aggregates, Erlangen, Germany.
- Mohajerani, A., Nguyen, R.T., Tanrıverdi, Y., Chandrawanka, K., 2017. A new practical method for determining the LA abrasion value for aggregates, Soils and Foundations, 57, pp. 840 – 848.
- SASO 279., 1982. Saudi ARabian Standards Organization, Methods of test for concrete aggregate – Part 5: Determination of coarse aggregate resistance to abrasion Los Angeles Machine.
- Stalheim, J., 2004. Comparative study of established test methods for aggregate strength and durability of Archean rocks from Botswana, Msc thesis, Uppsala University Department of Earth Science, 36 p. Bostwana.
- Teymen, A., 2017. Estimation of Los Angeles abrasion resistance of igneous rocks from mechanical aggregate properties, Bull Eng Geol Environ., 78:837–846.
TS 706 EN 12620+A1, 2009. Beton Agregaları, 50 s, TSE Yayını, Ankara.
- TS EN 14157 (2004). Natural stones - Determination of abrasion resistance. European Standard, 19 p.
- TS EN 1926 (2006). Natural stone test methods - Determination of uniaxial compressive strength. European Committee for Standardization, 20 p.
- TS EN 1936 (2006). Natural stone test methods - Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity. European Committee for Standardization, 11 p.
- Tuncay, E.B., Yağmurlu, F., Ceylan, H., 2015. Karaöz (Antalya-Türkiye) Civarındaki Dolomitik Kireçtaşlarının Beton Agregası Olarak Kullanılabilirliği, SDÜ Teknik Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 5, Sayı 1, s. 48 – 57.
- Tunç, E.T., Alyamaç, K.E., 2020. Farklı Test Parametreleri için Agrega Tipinin Los Angeles Aşınma Kaybı Üzerine Etkisi, Fırat Üniversitesi Müh. Bil. Dergisi, 32(1), 1 – 10.
- Ugbe, F.C., 2020. Petrography and Physicomechanical Characteristics of Iyuku Granite, Southwestern Nigeria, Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 61, No. 11, pp. 2926 – 2935.
- Wu, Y., Parker, F., Kandhal, K., 1998. Aggregate Toughness/Abrasıon Resıstance Anddurabılıty/Soundness Tests Related To Asphalt Concrete Performance In Pavements, NCAT Report No. 98-4, 26 p.