Dionysiac and Pyrrhic Roots and Survivals in the Zeybek Dance, Music, Costume and Rituals of Aegean Turkey
Abstract
Historical and topographical research has clearly shown that both Dionysiac-Pyrrhic and Zeybek dances and music developed in the same region, namely Aegean Turkey. This is not a coincidence, but it reflects the survival of an age-old Anatolian Dionysiac/Pyrrhic tradition throughout the centuries to the present day, and remains alive in the form of Zeybek and Bengi folklore. A process of amalgamation-syncretisation united had been able to unite the ancient local Dionysiac traditions with the customs and beliefs of a Turkish Heterodox Islamic Qalandaria Order in order to give birth to a new Anatolian synthesis which has Islamic, ethnic and patriotic features. In the Zeybek tradition the costumes, accessories, head dresses, hairstyle, everything related to design, reflects a strongly hierarchic order. The life of Zeybeks was much related to mountains, rebellion, heroism, initiation rituals, music and dance. Apparently, the reason for its persistence was not only the mere maintenance of traditional or habitual behaviour or national pride. Simply put, the cult of Dionysos and the Pyrrhic war dance traditions of Western Anatolia provided the basis for a new synthesis of different cultures, for example by adding into it the legends of St. George, the Qalandaria and Khizr. Zeybeks won an accepted place in society after their great role in the Liberation War of 1922 and are recognized as a heroic folkloric group with a special dance, music and costumes.
Keywords
References
- M. Alkan, Yeniçeriler ve Bektaşilik, Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaşi Veli Araştırma Dergisi 50, 2009, 243-260.
- M. Altıntuğ, Examination by semiotical approach of Yells (Nara) that are the products of dancer and dance interactions in Turkish Folk Dance, Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12, 6/1, 2013, 131-148.
- M. And, Dionysos ve Anadolu Köylüsü, İstanbul 1962.
- P. M. R. Aucher-Éloy, Relations de voyages en Orient, de 1830 à 1838 par Aucher-Eloy, revues et annotées par M. le Comte Jaubert, 2 vols, Paris 1843.
- A. H. Avcı, Zeybeklik ve Zeybekler Tarihi, Ankara 2012.
- Halikarnas Balıkçısı, Hey Koca Yurt, Ankara 1989.
- A. Cameron, Cult and Worship in East and West, in: L. Webster – M. Brown (eds.), Transformation of the Roman World AD 400-900, London 1997, 96-111.
- P. Ceccarelli, La pirrica nell’antichita greco romana: Studi sulla danza armata, Pisa/Rome 1998.
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Recep Meriç
This is me
Türkiye
Publication Date
May 15, 2017
Submission Date
June 3, 2016
Acceptance Date
-
Published in Issue
Year 2017 Volume: 14
Cited By
ANTİK HELEN ENSTRÜMANI AULOS VE ONUN ASKERİ ACIDAN İNCELENMESİ
Balkan Müzik ve Sanat Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.47956/bmsd.878775