Research Article
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Hitit Kralı I. Hattusili’nin Yıllıkları ve Kayıp Altın Heykeli

Year 2018, Volume: 16, 1 - 12, 15.11.2018
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.473581

Abstract

Hitit başkenti
Hattuşa’da kazılarda bulunan pişmiş toprak tabletler sözde erken Hitit kralı I.
Hattuşili’nin (yak. 1650-1620) askeri başarısının beş yılını kaydetmektedir.
Genel olarak Hattuşili’nin ‘yıllıkları’ olarak bilinen bu belge (kralın) gümüş
kaplanmış altın heykeline değinmektedir. Bu kaplamalar muhtemelen krala adanmış
bir
kutsal alanın bir kısmını oluşturmaktaydı.
Burada, heykelin kendisinde, kaplamalarında veya ikisinde de muhtemelen
yıllıkların ana versiyonu yazılmıştır. Günümüzde ikisi de kayıptır ve elimizde
sadece pişmiş toprak tabletin yıllıklar hakkında anlatımı –ya da ondan arta
kalan–  vardır. Bu anlatımda yer alan
büyük uyumsuzluklar ve bazı önemli eksikler bunu belgeleyen pişmiş toprak
tabletlerin sadece kralın hükümdarlık döneminin çoğunu ve ya hepsini kapsayan
çok daha büyük bir kompozisyonun fragmanları olduğunu belirtmektedir. Heykel ve
onu kaplayan tapınağın (?)Hitit döneminde ateşle, havadan ve ya düşman
tarafından ya kazayla ya da bir düşman saldırısıyla tahrip edilmesinden sonra
bu fragmanlar yıllıklardan kalan tek şeydir. Hitit yazarlarının belgeyi
yapabildikleri kadar yeniden yaratma çabaları ile sonradan yıllıklardan geride
kalan fragmanlarda bulunan kırık dökük bilgilerden olayların bir dizilişini
birleştirmeye çalıştığını ileriye sürüyorum. Onların yaptığı kalan parçaların
makul şekilde uyumlu bir toplamasını yaparak belgeledikleri bölümleri beş
yıllık bir döneme sıkıştırmaktı.  Ama
bunu yaparak Hattuşili’nin başarılarının aralıksız bir anlatımını –her ne kadar
karmakarışık ve büyük eksikleri olan bir anlatım olsa da– sağlama girişiminde
bulunarak aralarında yıllar olan olayları birleştirmişlerdi.

References

  • R. H. Beal, The Ten Year Annals of Great King Muršili II of Hatti, in: W. W. Hallo – K. L. Younger (edd.), The Context of Scripture, vol. 2, 2003, 82-90.
  • G. Beckman, Hittite Diplomatic Texts, (2nd edn.) Atlanta 1999.
  • G. Beckman, The Annals of Hattusili I, in: M. W. Chavalas (ed.), The Ancient Near East, Oxford 2006, 209-222.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Kingdom of the Hittites, (new edn.) Oxford 2005.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia, London-New York 2012.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Land of Hiyawa (Que) Revisited, Anatolian Studies 66, 2016, 67-79.
  • M. W. Chavalas (ed.), The Ancient Near East, Oxford 2006.
  • CTH = E. Laroche, Catalogue des textes hittites, Paris 1971.
  • B. Dinçol et al., Two new inscribed Storm-God stelae from Arsuz (İskenderun) ARSUZ 1 and 2, Anatolian Studies 65, 2015, 59-77. E. L. Greenstein, Autobiographies in Ancient Western Asia, in: J. M. Sasson (ed.), Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, New York 1995, vol. 4, 2421-2432.
  • H. G. Güterbock, The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as told by his son, Mursili II, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 10, 1956, 41-68, 75-98, 101-130.
  • W. W. Hallo – K. L. Younger (eds.), The Context of Scripture (3 vols.), Leiden-Boston 2003.
  • S. Jackson, Contrasting representations and the Egypto-Hittite treaty, in: K. H. Keimer – G. Davis (edd.), Registers and Modes of Communication in the Ancient Near East, London-New York 2018, 43-58.
  • J. D. Hawkins, The Hieroglyphic Inscriptions of the Sacred Pool Complex at Hattusa (SÜDBURG), Wiesbaden 1995.
  • M. Poetto, L’iscrizione luvio-geoglifica di Yalburt. Nuove acquisizioni relative alla geografia dell’Anatolia sud-occidentale (Studia Mediterannea 8), Pavia 1993.
  • J. B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Princeton 1969.
  • H. Otten, Die Bronzetafel aus Boğazköy: ein Staatsvertrag Tuthalijas IV, Wiesbaden 1988.
  • M. Salvini, Une Lettera di Hattusili relativa alla spedizione contro Hahhum, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 34, Rome 1984, 61-80.
  • B. Stavi, The Reign of Tudhaliya II and Šuppiluliuma I. The Contribution of the Hittite Documentation to a Reconstruction of the Amarna Age. (Texte der Hethiter 31), Heidelberg 2015.
  • Th. van den Hout, A Century of Hittite Text Dating and the Origins of the Hittite Cuneiform Script, Incontri Linguistici 32, 2009, 11-35.
  • Th. van den Hout, Reflections on the Origins and Development of the Hittite Tablet Collections in Hattuša and their Consequences for the Rise of Hittite Literacy, in: F. Pecchiolo Daddi – G.Torri – C. Corti (edd.), Central-North Anatolia in the Hittite Period. New Perspectives in Light of Recent Research. Acts of the International Conference Held at the University of Florence (7-9 February 2007) (Studia Asiana 5), Rome 2009, 71-96.

The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I

Year 2018, Volume: 16, 1 - 12, 15.11.2018
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.473581

Abstract

Clay tablets excavated from the Hittite
capital Hattusa supposedly record five years of the military exploits of the
early Hittite king Hattusili I (c. 1650-1620). The document, commonly known as
Hattusili’s ‘Annals’, refers to a golden statue (of the king) housed in
silver-plated surrounds. These surrounds probably formed part of a sanctuary
dedicated to the king. Here what was probably the chief version of the Annals
was recorded, on the statue itself, on its surrounds, or both. Both are now
lost, and we are left with only the clay tablet account of the Annals – or what
survives of it. Major inconsistencies in this account and a number of significant
omissions from it, suggest that the clay tablets which record it were merely
fragments of a much larger composition covering most or all the  king’s reign. These fragments were all that
remained of the Annals when the statue and the sanctuary(?) which housed it
were destroyed by fire in Hittite times, whether accidentally or by enemy
action. I suggest that Hittite scribes later tried to put together a sequence
of events from the scraps of information found on the Annals’ remaining
fragments, in their efforts to recreate all they could of the document. What
they did was to make a reasonably coherent compilation of the surviving pieces,
compressing the episodes they recorded into a period of five years. But in so
doing, they put together events that may have taken place years apart, in an
attempt to provide a continuous account of Hattusili’s achievements, though a
much distorted one with major omissions.

References

  • R. H. Beal, The Ten Year Annals of Great King Muršili II of Hatti, in: W. W. Hallo – K. L. Younger (edd.), The Context of Scripture, vol. 2, 2003, 82-90.
  • G. Beckman, Hittite Diplomatic Texts, (2nd edn.) Atlanta 1999.
  • G. Beckman, The Annals of Hattusili I, in: M. W. Chavalas (ed.), The Ancient Near East, Oxford 2006, 209-222.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Kingdom of the Hittites, (new edn.) Oxford 2005.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia, London-New York 2012.
  • T. R. Bryce, The Land of Hiyawa (Que) Revisited, Anatolian Studies 66, 2016, 67-79.
  • M. W. Chavalas (ed.), The Ancient Near East, Oxford 2006.
  • CTH = E. Laroche, Catalogue des textes hittites, Paris 1971.
  • B. Dinçol et al., Two new inscribed Storm-God stelae from Arsuz (İskenderun) ARSUZ 1 and 2, Anatolian Studies 65, 2015, 59-77. E. L. Greenstein, Autobiographies in Ancient Western Asia, in: J. M. Sasson (ed.), Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, New York 1995, vol. 4, 2421-2432.
  • H. G. Güterbock, The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as told by his son, Mursili II, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 10, 1956, 41-68, 75-98, 101-130.
  • W. W. Hallo – K. L. Younger (eds.), The Context of Scripture (3 vols.), Leiden-Boston 2003.
  • S. Jackson, Contrasting representations and the Egypto-Hittite treaty, in: K. H. Keimer – G. Davis (edd.), Registers and Modes of Communication in the Ancient Near East, London-New York 2018, 43-58.
  • J. D. Hawkins, The Hieroglyphic Inscriptions of the Sacred Pool Complex at Hattusa (SÜDBURG), Wiesbaden 1995.
  • M. Poetto, L’iscrizione luvio-geoglifica di Yalburt. Nuove acquisizioni relative alla geografia dell’Anatolia sud-occidentale (Studia Mediterannea 8), Pavia 1993.
  • J. B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Princeton 1969.
  • H. Otten, Die Bronzetafel aus Boğazköy: ein Staatsvertrag Tuthalijas IV, Wiesbaden 1988.
  • M. Salvini, Une Lettera di Hattusili relativa alla spedizione contro Hahhum, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 34, Rome 1984, 61-80.
  • B. Stavi, The Reign of Tudhaliya II and Šuppiluliuma I. The Contribution of the Hittite Documentation to a Reconstruction of the Amarna Age. (Texte der Hethiter 31), Heidelberg 2015.
  • Th. van den Hout, A Century of Hittite Text Dating and the Origins of the Hittite Cuneiform Script, Incontri Linguistici 32, 2009, 11-35.
  • Th. van den Hout, Reflections on the Origins and Development of the Hittite Tablet Collections in Hattuša and their Consequences for the Rise of Hittite Literacy, in: F. Pecchiolo Daddi – G.Torri – C. Corti (edd.), Central-North Anatolia in the Hittite Period. New Perspectives in Light of Recent Research. Acts of the International Conference Held at the University of Florence (7-9 February 2007) (Studia Asiana 5), Rome 2009, 71-96.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Trevor R. Bryce This is me

Publication Date November 15, 2018
Submission Date July 11, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 16

Cite

APA Bryce, T. R. (2018). The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I. Gephyra, 16, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.473581
AMA Bryce TR. The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I. GEPHYRA. November 2018;16:1-12. doi:10.37095/gephyra.473581
Chicago Bryce, Trevor R. “The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I”. Gephyra 16, November (November 2018): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.473581.
EndNote Bryce TR (November 1, 2018) The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I. Gephyra 16 1–12.
IEEE T. R. Bryce, “The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I”, GEPHYRA, vol. 16, pp. 1–12, 2018, doi: 10.37095/gephyra.473581.
ISNAD Bryce, Trevor R. “The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I”. Gephyra 16 (November 2018), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.473581.
JAMA Bryce TR. The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I. GEPHYRA. 2018;16:1–12.
MLA Bryce, Trevor R. “The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I”. Gephyra, vol. 16, 2018, pp. 1-12, doi:10.37095/gephyra.473581.
Vancouver Bryce TR. The Annals and Lost Golden Statue of the Hittite King Hattusili I. GEPHYRA. 2018;16:1-12.