THE EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND AND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS APPLIED TO LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON AFLATOXIN M1 DETOXIFICATION IN PHOSPHATE-BUFFERED SALINE

Abstract

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a heat-resistant mycotoxin with hepatotoxic properties that can be transmitted to humans through milk and dairy products. This study evaluated the AFM1 binding capacities of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strains in a phosphate-buffered saline medium. Each bacterial strain was tested individually and in combination under various treatment conditions, including ultrasonic activation and inactivation by heat, acid, and ultrasound. The results revealed that all treatments significantly increased binding rates (P<0.05). The highest binding rate (33.5%) was observed in the group where ultrasound-activated bacteria were used in combination. While no significant differences were found among individual strains depending on their physiological state, notable variations emerged in the mixed-strain groups. Binding levels were significantly higher in mixtures containing live bacteria (30–33.5%) compared to those with heat- or acid-inactivated bacteria (14.5–19%) (P<0.05). These findings indicate that lactic acid bacteria may serve as an effective tool for biological detoxification, although further studies are needed to assess the efficiency of various activation and inactivation methods.

Keywords

• Aflatoxin M1
• biological detoxification
• lactic acid bacteria
• ultrasound technology

LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Aflatoksin M1 (AFM1), süt ve süt ürünleri yoluyla insanlara bulaşabilen, ısıya dayanıklı ve hepatotoksik etkileriyle dikkat çeken bir mikotoksindir. Bu çalışmada, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Limosilactobacillus reuteri ve Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus suşlarının, fosfat tamponlu tuzlu su ortamında AFM1 bağlama kapasiteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Her bir bakteri tek başına ve kombinasyon halinde kullanılarak farklı işlemlere (ultrasonla aktivasyon; ısı, asit ve ultrasonla inaktivasyon) tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular, uygulanan işlemlerin tümünün bağlanma oranlarını anlamlı biçimde artırdığını göstermiştir (P<0.05). En yüksek bağlanma oranı (%33.5), ultrasonla aktive edilmiş bakterilerin birlikte kullanıldığı grupta saptanmıştır. Laktik asit bakterileri tek başına değerlendirildiğinde fizyolojik duruma göre bağlanma oranları arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmezken, bakterilerin birlikte bulunduğu gruplarda farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Canlı bakterilerin yer aldığı miks gruplarda (%30–33.5), ısı ve asitle inaktive edilen gruplara (%14.5-19) göre daha yüksek bağlanma belirlenmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak mevcut veriler laktik asit bakterilerinin biyolojik detoksifikasyonda etkili bir yöntem olabileceğini gösterirken, farklı aktivasyon ve inaktivasyon işlemlerinin etkinliğinin değerlendirildiği daha ayrıntılı araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

• Aflatoksin M1
• biyolojik detoksifikasyon
• laktik asit bakterileri
• ultrason teknolojisi

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