A DETAILED REVIEW OF ORAL IN VITRO BIOACCESSIBILITY STUDIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS FOR FOOD SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN HEALTH

Abstract

Today, many factors, including globalization, global population growth, industrial development, and the rapid expansion of industrial areas, lead to the release of environmental pollutants into the biosphere. Many pollutants, such as organic pollutants, heavy metals, and microplastics, directly threaten food safety, human health, and environmental health. When assessing the risks of environmental pollutants to human and environmental health, the concentration of pollutants in the environment is generally considered, while the amount of the pollutant absorbed into the human body is often overlooked. At this point, the concept of "bioaccessibility," which has become a focus in recent years and refers to the amount of compounds released from food matrices during the digestive process and available for absorption through the intestinal wall, comes to the fore. This review provides a detailed review of in vitro oral bioaccessibility studies on environmental pollutants. Based on current knowledge, we attempt to provide an overview of how the bioaccessibility of environmental pollutants is affected by internal and external factors.

Keywords

• Food safety
• environmental health
• in vitro bioaccessibility

GIDA GÜVENLİĞİ İLE ÇEVRE VE İNSAN SAĞLIĞI AÇISINDAN ÇEVRESEL KİRLETİCİLERİN ORAL YOLDAN İN VİTRO BİYOERİŞİLEBİLİRLİĞİ ÇALIŞMALARININ DETAYLI BİR İNCELEMESİ

Abstract

Günümüzde küreselleşme, dünya nüfusunun artışı, sanayinin gelişmesi ve endüstriyel alanların hızla artması gibi pek çok sebep çevresel kirleticilerin biyosfere salınımına neden olmaktadır. Organik kirleticiler, ağır metaller, mikroplastikler gibi pek çok kirletici, gıda güvenliğini, insan ve çevre sağlığını doğrudan tehdit etmektedir. Çevresel kirleticilerin insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından riskleri değerlendirilirken genellikle ortamdaki kirletici oranları göz önünde bulundurulmakta, kirleticinin insan vücuduna alınma oranı göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu noktada, son yıllarda odak haline gelmiş olan, sindirim süreci sırasında gıda matrislerinden salınan ve bağırsak duvarı yoluyla emilmeye hazır olan bileşik miktarını ifade eden ‘biyoerişilebilirlik’ kavramı öne çıkmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, çevresel kirleticileri konu alan in vitro oral biyoerişilebilirlik çalışmalarının detaylı bir incelemesi yapılmıştır. Mevcut bilgiler ışığında çevresel kirleticilerin biyoerişilebilirliğinin iç ve dış faktörlerden nasıl etkilendiği konusunda genel bir bakış sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

• Gıda güvenliği
• çevre sağlığı
• in vitro biyoerişilebilirlik

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