HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L.'DEN FENOLİK VE FLAVONOİDLER AÇISINDAN ZENGİN BİYOAKTİF MOLEKÜLLERİN OTOMATİK ÇÖZÜCÜ EKSTRAKSİYONU: OPTİMİZASYON VE ÇOK DEĞİŞKENLİ ANALİZ

Year 2025, Volume: 50 Issue: 6, 1200 - 1219, 08.12.2025

İrem Toprakçı Yüksel

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25123

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Hypericum perforatum L. (sarı kantaron) bitkisinden fenolik ve flavonoid bileşikler açısından zengin özütler elde etmek için otomatik çözücü ekstraksiyonu (ASE) kullanılmıştır. Box-Behnken Tasarımına dayalı tepki yüzey metodolojisi (RSM), üç faktörü (katı kütle, daldırma süresi ve etanol konsantrasyonu) optimize etmek için kullanılmıştır. Toplam fenolik içerik (TPC), toplam flavonoid içerik (TFC) ve antioksidan aktivite (DPPH ve ABTS analizleri) tepki değişkenleri olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Etanol konsantrasyonu TPC ve TFC üzerinde en önemli etkiye sahipken, antioksidan aktivite H. perforatum miktarından önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Optimum koşullar (0.5 g katı kütle, 30 dakikalık daldırma süresi ve ~%30-33 etanol) en yüksek TPC'yi (95.109 mg-GAE/g-DM), TFC'yi (66.998 mg-CE/g-DM), DPPH'nin (38.408 mg-TEAC/g-DM) antioksidan aktivite değerini ve ABTS'nin (42.333 mg-TEAC/g-DM) antioksidan aktivite değerini, 1'e yakın bir arzu edilirlik indeksiyle vermiştir. Temel bileşen analizi (PCA), yanıtlar arasındaki korelasyonları desteklemiş ve ASE'nin sürdürülebilir ve etkili bir ekstraksiyon yöntemi olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

Hypericum perforatum L , antioksidan aktivite , yeşil ekstraksiyon , RSM , PCA

Ethical Statement

Uygulanmadı.

AUTOMATIC SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES RICH IN PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS FROM HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L.: OPTIMIZATION AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study employed automatic solvent extraction (ASE) to obtain extracts rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds from Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John’s Wort). Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize three factors (solid mass, immersion time and ethanol concentration). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays) were evaluated as response variables. Ethanol concentration had the most significant effect on TPC and TFC, while antioxidant activity was significantly influenced by the H. perforatum amount. The optimal conditions (0.5 g solid mass, 30 min immersion time and ~30-33% ethanol) yielded the highest TPC (95.1093 mg-GAE/g-DM), TFC (66.9977 mg-CE/g-DM), antioxidant activity value of DPPH (38.4081 mg-TEAC/g-DM) and antioxidant activity value of ABTS (42.3328 mg-TEAC/g-DM) with a desirability index close to 1. Principal component analysis (PCA) supported correlations among the responses, showing that ASE is a sustainable and effective extraction method.

Keywords

Hypericum perforatum L. , antioxidant activity , green extraction , RSM , PCA

Ethical Statement

Not applicable.

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