The Influence of Mitochondrial Mutants on the Production of Aroma Compounds of Beer (Turkish with English Abstract)

Abstract

Brewer's yeast plays an important role on the production of flavour compounds. There are many organelles inside the cytoplasmic cell of brewers' yeast and mitochondrion is one of them. Mitochondrion consists of enzymes of tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain and therefore generates energy for cell. The most frequently identified spontaneously arising mutation in brewing yeast is mitochondrial mutation. Such mutations can range from partially mutations to complete lost of mitochondria. Mitochondrial mutation in brewers' yeast affects fermentation rate, flocculation and production of flavour compounds and therefore beer quality. For that reason, it is preferred in brewing that mitochondrial mutation should not occur in brewers' yeast. In this paper, the effect of mitochondrial mutation on the production of flavour compounds of beer was discussed.

Keywords

• Aroma compounds, beer, yeast, mitochondry, mitochondrial mutation,   

Mitokondriyal Mutantların Bira Aroma Maddeleri Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Biradaki aroma maddeleri üzerine kullanılan bira mayasının önemli bir rolü vardır. Bira mayasının sitoplazmasında çeşitli organeller bulunur ve bu organellerden biri de mitokondridir. Mitokondri, trikarboksilik asit döngüsü ve elektron taşıma zinciri enzimlerini içerir ve böylece hücreye enerji sağlar. Bira mayasında en sık rastlanan ve kendiliğinden ortaya çıkan mutasyon mitokondriyal mutasyondur. Bu mutasyon sonucunda mitokondriyal DNA'sı eksik ya da mitokondriyal DNA'dan tamamen yoksun mutantlar meydana gelir.  Bira mayası mitokondriyal mutasyona uğradığında mayanın fermantasyon hızı, çökelme yeteneği ve aroma maddeleri üretimi ve böylece elde edilen biranın kalitesi önemli derecede etkilenir. Bu nedenle, biracılıkta kullanılacak mayanın mutasyona uğramamış olması tercih edilir. Bu derlemede, mitokondriyal mutasyonun bira aroma maddeleri üzerine etkisi ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

• Aroma maddeleri, bira, maya, mitokondri, mitokondriyal mutasyon

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