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Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce)

Year 2014, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 17 - 24, 01.02.2014

Abstract

Ülkemizin doğu bölgesinde doğal alarak bulunan Artemisia L. türleri (Artemisia absinthium; pelin otu ve Artemisia austriaca; yavşan otu) bu çalışmanın materyali olarak seçilmiştir. Artemisia türlerinin uçucu yağ asitleri gaz kromotografisi-kütle spektrometeresi ile hidro-distilasyon yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Artemisia absinthium‘a ait temel uçucu yağ -myrcene (% 44.32) iken Artemisia austriaca (% 43.27)‘ait temel uçucu yağ kamphor olarak tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan bitkilerin uçucu yağlara ait antimikrobiyel aktivitesi disk-difüzyon metodu kullanılarak 6 bakteri ile 2 adet maya kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki türün benzer antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. TEAC yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan antioksidan aktivite ölçümlerinde ise A. absinthium’a ait antioksidan aktivite değeri 3.4±1.4 mM Troloks ve A. austriaca için 4.9±1.2 mM Troloks’dur. Araştırmaya konu olan örnekler ABTS radikaline karşı hafif bir antioksidan aktivite göstermişlerdir.

References

  • Baytop T. 1984. Theraphy with Medicanal Plants in Turkey; Istanbul University press: ‹stanbul, Turkey, 166-167
  • Davis PH. 1982. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands; Edinburg University Press: Edinburg, Scotland, 5: 311
  • Kalemba D, Kusewicz D, Swiader K. 2002. Antimicrobial properties of the essential oils of Artemisia asiatica Nakai. Phytother Res, 288-291.
  • Canadanovic-Brunett JM, Djilas SM, Cetkovic GS. 2005 Free-radical scavenging activity of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) extracts. J Sci Food Agric, 85: 265-272.
  • Mohammedi Z, Atik F. 2011. Impact pf solvent extraction type on total polyphenols content and biological activity from Tamarix aphlla L. Karst. Int J Pharm Biol Sci, 2: 609-615.
  • Ghasemzadeh A, Omidvar V, Jaafar HZE. 2012. Polyphenolic content and their antioxidant activity in leaf extract of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). J Medi Plant Res, 6: 2971-2976.
  • Juteau F, Jerkovic I, V. Masotti, M. Milos, J. Mastelic, J. Bessiere. 2003. Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium from Croatia and France. Planta Medi, 69: 158-161.
  • Rücker G, Manns D. 1992. Willbert S, Homoditerpene peroxides from Artemisia absinthium. Phytochem, 31: 340-342.
  • Tariq K, Chishti M, Ahmad F, Shawl A. 2009. Anthelmintic activity of extracts of Artemisia absinthium against ovine nematodes. Vet Parasitol, 160: 83-88
  • Bahramikia S, Ardestani A, Yazdanparast R. 2009. Protective effects of four Iranian medicinal plants against free radical-mediated protein oxidation. Food Chem,115: 37-42.
  • Astghik RS. 2003. Studies of the dose-dependent antioxidant activity of Artemisia absinthium extracts using in vivo model. Turkish J Biochem, 28: 62-224 12. Jasna M, Canadanovic B, Sonja MD, Gordana SC, Vesna TT. 2004. Free radical scavenging activity of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) extracts. J. Sci Food Agric, 85: 265-272.
  • Oboh G, Raddatz H, Henle T. 2008. Antioxidant properties of polar and non-polar extracts of some tropical green leafy vegetables. J Sci Food Agric, 88: 2486-2492.
  • Stanojevi´c D, Comi´c LJ, Stefanovi´c O, Solujic- Sukdolak S. 2010. In vitro synergistic antibacterial activity of Melissa officinalis L. and some preservatives. Spanish J Agric Res, 8: 109-115
  • Pourmorad F, Hosseinimehr SJ, Shahabimajd N. 2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants. African J Biotech, 5: 1142-1145.
  • Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay. Free Radical Biol Med, 26: 1231-1237.
  • Ponce AG, Fritz R, del Valle CE, Roura SI. 2003. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils on the native microflora of organic Swiss chard. LWT, 36: 679-684.
  • Moreira MR, Ponce AG, de Valle CE, Roura SI. 2005. Inhibitory parameters of essential oils to reduce a foodborne pathogen. LWT, 38: 565-570 23. Lawrence BM. Progress in essential oils. Perfumer Flavorist, 1992. 17: 39-42.
  • Ouyahya A, Negre R, Viano J, Lozano YF, Gaydou EM. 1990. Essential oils from Moroccan Artemisia negrei, A. mesatlantica and A. herba-alba. LWT, 23: 528-530.
  • Vernin G, Merad O, Vernin GMF, Zamkotsian RM, Parkanyi C. 1995. GC–MS analysis of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from Algeria. In: Charalambous, G. (Ed.), Food Flavors: Generation, Analysis and Process Influence. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam 147-205
  • Meschler J, Howlett AC. 1999. Thujone exhibits low affinity for cannabinoid receptors but fails to evoke cannabimimetic responses. Pharm Biochem Behav, 62: 473-480
  • Chiasson H, Belanger A, Bostanian N, Vincent C, Poliquin A . 2001. Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by three methods of extractions. J Eco Entom, 94: 167-171.
  • Kordali S, Aslan I, Calmasur O, Cakir A. 2006. Toxicity of essential oils isolated from three Artemisia species and some of their major components to granary weevil, Sitophilus garanarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ind Crop Prod, 23: 162-170.
  • Mayer B, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, dos Santos AC, Twardowschy A, Horst H, Pizzolatti MG, Micke GA, Heller M, dos Santos EP, Otuki MF, Marques MCA. 2009. Gastroprotective constituents of Salvia officinalis L., Fitoterapia, 80:421-426.
  • Mueller M, Hobiger S, Jungbauer A. 2010. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from fruits, herbs and spices. Food Chem, 122: 987-996.
  • Collin G, Gagnon H, Garneau FX, Jean FI, Lopez Arze JB. 2004. Essential oils from Bolivia. III. Asteraceae: Artemisia copa Philippi. J Oil Res, 16: 554-557
  • Hurabielle M, Bastart-Malsot M, Rougeot M, Paris M. 1982. A chemical study of the essential oil from Artemisia arborescens. Planta Med, 44: 47-49. 33. Bellomaria B, Valentini G, Biondi E, Arnold HJ. 1990. Composizione e. Comparazione degli olii essenziali di Artemisia canariensis (Bess.) Lessing e Artemisia arborescens. Botanica Italiana, 124: 132
  • Haggag MY, Shalaby AS, Verzar-Petri G. 1975. Thin layer and gaschromatographic studies on the essential oil from Achillea millefolium. Planta Med, 27: 361-366.
  • Verzar-Petri G, Cuong BN. 1977. On the quantitative determination of chamazulene and prochamazulenes in essential oils and crude drugs from yarrow (Achillea sp.—Compositae). II: a new colorimetric method of high sensitivity for determination of chamazulene in the essential oils. Acta Pharmceutica Hungary, 47: 34-141.
  • Vuorela H, Holm Y, Hiltunen R. 1989. Application of headspace gas chromatography in essential oil analysis. Part VIII. Flavour Frag J, 4:113-116.
  • Cavar S, Maksimovic M, Vidic D, Paric A. 2012. Chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Artemisia annua L. from Bosnia. Ind Crop Prod, 37: 479-485. 38. Perazzo FF, Carvalho JCT, Carvalho JE. 2003. Central properties of the essential oil and the crude ethanol extract from aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. Pharm Res, 48: 497-502.
  • Mohammadreza VR. 2008. Variation in the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. of different growth stages cultivated in Iran. African J Plant Sci, 2: 16-18.
  • Beg A Z, Ahmad I. 2002. In vitro fungitotoxicity of the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum. World J Microb Biot, 18: 313-315.
  • Pattnaik S, Subramanyam VR, Bapaji M, Kole CR. 1997. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of aromatic constituents of essential oils. Microbios, 89: 39-46.
  • Burkhart CG, Burkhart HR. 2003. Contact irritant dermatitis and antipruritic agents: the need to address the itch. J Drugs Dermatol, 2:143-146.
  • Burrow A, Eccles R, Jones AS. 1983. The effects of camphor, eucalyptus and menthol vapor on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation. Acta Otolaryngol, 96: 157-161.
  • Judzentiene A, Tomi F, Casanova J. 2009. Analysis of essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC (RI), GC–MS and 13C NMR. Nat Prod Commun, 4:1113-1118.
  • Sarıkurkcu C, Ozer MS, Eskici M, Tepe B, Can S, Mete E. 2010. Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl subp. longicaulis var. longicaulis. Food Chem. Toxicol, 48: 1801-1805.
  • Orav A, Raal A, Arak E, Muurisepp M, Kailas T. 2006. Composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L. of different geographical origin. Procee Est Acad Sci Chem, 55: 155-165.
  • Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. 1999. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J Appl Microbiol, 86: 985-990.
  • Hili P, Evans CS, Veness RG. 1997. Antimicrobial action of essential oils: the effect of dimethylsulphoxide on the activity of cinnamon oil. Lett Appl Microbiol, 24:269-275.
  • Carson CF, Riley TV. 1995. Antimicrobial activity of the major components of theessential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J Appl Bacteriol, 78: 264-269.
  • Lopez-Lutz D, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Kolodziejczyk PP. 2008. Screening of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia essential oils. Phytochem, 69:1732-1738
  • Cakir A, Kordali S, Kilic H, E. Kaya. 2005. Antifungal properties of essential oil and crude extracts of Hypericum linarioides Bosse. Biochem Syst Eco, 33: 245-256.
  • Cakir A, Kordali S, Zengin H, Izumi S, Hirata T. 2004. Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils isolated from Hypericum hyssopifolium and Hypericum heterophyllum. Flavour Frag J, 19: 62-68.
  • Alvarez-Castellanos DP, Bishop CD, Pascual- Villalobos MJ. 2001. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of flowerheads of garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium) against agricultural pathogens. Phytochem, 57: 99-102.
  • Daferera DJ, Ziogas BN, Polissiou MG. 2003. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botyrtis cinerea, Fusarium sp. and Clavibacter michiganensissubsp. michiganensis. Crop Protect, 22: 39-44.
  • Singh G, Singh P, De Lampasona MP, Catalan CAN. 2003. Studies on essential oils. Part 35. chemical and biocidal investigations on Tagetes erecta leaf volatile oil. Flavour Frag J, 18: 62-65.

Determining Essential Oil Composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Water Wormwood Extracts (in English)

Year 2014, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 17 - 24, 01.02.2014

Abstract

Artemisia L. species (Artemisiaabsinthium and Artemisia austriaca) naturally distributed through eastern Turkey were chosen as experimental material in this study. Essential oils of these Artemisia species were isolated by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromotography-mass spectrometry. The major components were identified as -myrcene (44.32 %) in Artemisiaabsinthium and camphor in Artemisia austriaca (43.27 %), respectively. Essential oils of the plants were tested for antimicrobial activity the disk diffusion method against 6 bacteria and 2 yeast. The essential oil of A. absinthium and A. austriaca showed similar antimicrobial activities. Artemisia species were also antioxidatively active. Using TEAC method, essential oils showed almost the same patterns of antioxidant activities. While A. absinthium showed 3.4±1.4 mM Trolox activity, A. austriaca has 4.9±1.2 mM Trolox. These samples were found to be slightly good radical scavenging activities against ABTS radicals.

References

  • Baytop T. 1984. Theraphy with Medicanal Plants in Turkey; Istanbul University press: ‹stanbul, Turkey, 166-167
  • Davis PH. 1982. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands; Edinburg University Press: Edinburg, Scotland, 5: 311
  • Kalemba D, Kusewicz D, Swiader K. 2002. Antimicrobial properties of the essential oils of Artemisia asiatica Nakai. Phytother Res, 288-291.
  • Canadanovic-Brunett JM, Djilas SM, Cetkovic GS. 2005 Free-radical scavenging activity of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) extracts. J Sci Food Agric, 85: 265-272.
  • Mohammedi Z, Atik F. 2011. Impact pf solvent extraction type on total polyphenols content and biological activity from Tamarix aphlla L. Karst. Int J Pharm Biol Sci, 2: 609-615.
  • Ghasemzadeh A, Omidvar V, Jaafar HZE. 2012. Polyphenolic content and their antioxidant activity in leaf extract of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). J Medi Plant Res, 6: 2971-2976.
  • Juteau F, Jerkovic I, V. Masotti, M. Milos, J. Mastelic, J. Bessiere. 2003. Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium from Croatia and France. Planta Medi, 69: 158-161.
  • Rücker G, Manns D. 1992. Willbert S, Homoditerpene peroxides from Artemisia absinthium. Phytochem, 31: 340-342.
  • Tariq K, Chishti M, Ahmad F, Shawl A. 2009. Anthelmintic activity of extracts of Artemisia absinthium against ovine nematodes. Vet Parasitol, 160: 83-88
  • Bahramikia S, Ardestani A, Yazdanparast R. 2009. Protective effects of four Iranian medicinal plants against free radical-mediated protein oxidation. Food Chem,115: 37-42.
  • Astghik RS. 2003. Studies of the dose-dependent antioxidant activity of Artemisia absinthium extracts using in vivo model. Turkish J Biochem, 28: 62-224 12. Jasna M, Canadanovic B, Sonja MD, Gordana SC, Vesna TT. 2004. Free radical scavenging activity of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) extracts. J. Sci Food Agric, 85: 265-272.
  • Oboh G, Raddatz H, Henle T. 2008. Antioxidant properties of polar and non-polar extracts of some tropical green leafy vegetables. J Sci Food Agric, 88: 2486-2492.
  • Stanojevi´c D, Comi´c LJ, Stefanovi´c O, Solujic- Sukdolak S. 2010. In vitro synergistic antibacterial activity of Melissa officinalis L. and some preservatives. Spanish J Agric Res, 8: 109-115
  • Pourmorad F, Hosseinimehr SJ, Shahabimajd N. 2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants. African J Biotech, 5: 1142-1145.
  • Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay. Free Radical Biol Med, 26: 1231-1237.
  • Ponce AG, Fritz R, del Valle CE, Roura SI. 2003. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils on the native microflora of organic Swiss chard. LWT, 36: 679-684.
  • Moreira MR, Ponce AG, de Valle CE, Roura SI. 2005. Inhibitory parameters of essential oils to reduce a foodborne pathogen. LWT, 38: 565-570 23. Lawrence BM. Progress in essential oils. Perfumer Flavorist, 1992. 17: 39-42.
  • Ouyahya A, Negre R, Viano J, Lozano YF, Gaydou EM. 1990. Essential oils from Moroccan Artemisia negrei, A. mesatlantica and A. herba-alba. LWT, 23: 528-530.
  • Vernin G, Merad O, Vernin GMF, Zamkotsian RM, Parkanyi C. 1995. GC–MS analysis of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from Algeria. In: Charalambous, G. (Ed.), Food Flavors: Generation, Analysis and Process Influence. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam 147-205
  • Meschler J, Howlett AC. 1999. Thujone exhibits low affinity for cannabinoid receptors but fails to evoke cannabimimetic responses. Pharm Biochem Behav, 62: 473-480
  • Chiasson H, Belanger A, Bostanian N, Vincent C, Poliquin A . 2001. Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by three methods of extractions. J Eco Entom, 94: 167-171.
  • Kordali S, Aslan I, Calmasur O, Cakir A. 2006. Toxicity of essential oils isolated from three Artemisia species and some of their major components to granary weevil, Sitophilus garanarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ind Crop Prod, 23: 162-170.
  • Mayer B, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, dos Santos AC, Twardowschy A, Horst H, Pizzolatti MG, Micke GA, Heller M, dos Santos EP, Otuki MF, Marques MCA. 2009. Gastroprotective constituents of Salvia officinalis L., Fitoterapia, 80:421-426.
  • Mueller M, Hobiger S, Jungbauer A. 2010. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from fruits, herbs and spices. Food Chem, 122: 987-996.
  • Collin G, Gagnon H, Garneau FX, Jean FI, Lopez Arze JB. 2004. Essential oils from Bolivia. III. Asteraceae: Artemisia copa Philippi. J Oil Res, 16: 554-557
  • Hurabielle M, Bastart-Malsot M, Rougeot M, Paris M. 1982. A chemical study of the essential oil from Artemisia arborescens. Planta Med, 44: 47-49. 33. Bellomaria B, Valentini G, Biondi E, Arnold HJ. 1990. Composizione e. Comparazione degli olii essenziali di Artemisia canariensis (Bess.) Lessing e Artemisia arborescens. Botanica Italiana, 124: 132
  • Haggag MY, Shalaby AS, Verzar-Petri G. 1975. Thin layer and gaschromatographic studies on the essential oil from Achillea millefolium. Planta Med, 27: 361-366.
  • Verzar-Petri G, Cuong BN. 1977. On the quantitative determination of chamazulene and prochamazulenes in essential oils and crude drugs from yarrow (Achillea sp.—Compositae). II: a new colorimetric method of high sensitivity for determination of chamazulene in the essential oils. Acta Pharmceutica Hungary, 47: 34-141.
  • Vuorela H, Holm Y, Hiltunen R. 1989. Application of headspace gas chromatography in essential oil analysis. Part VIII. Flavour Frag J, 4:113-116.
  • Cavar S, Maksimovic M, Vidic D, Paric A. 2012. Chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Artemisia annua L. from Bosnia. Ind Crop Prod, 37: 479-485. 38. Perazzo FF, Carvalho JCT, Carvalho JE. 2003. Central properties of the essential oil and the crude ethanol extract from aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. Pharm Res, 48: 497-502.
  • Mohammadreza VR. 2008. Variation in the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. of different growth stages cultivated in Iran. African J Plant Sci, 2: 16-18.
  • Beg A Z, Ahmad I. 2002. In vitro fungitotoxicity of the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum. World J Microb Biot, 18: 313-315.
  • Pattnaik S, Subramanyam VR, Bapaji M, Kole CR. 1997. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of aromatic constituents of essential oils. Microbios, 89: 39-46.
  • Burkhart CG, Burkhart HR. 2003. Contact irritant dermatitis and antipruritic agents: the need to address the itch. J Drugs Dermatol, 2:143-146.
  • Burrow A, Eccles R, Jones AS. 1983. The effects of camphor, eucalyptus and menthol vapor on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation. Acta Otolaryngol, 96: 157-161.
  • Judzentiene A, Tomi F, Casanova J. 2009. Analysis of essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC (RI), GC–MS and 13C NMR. Nat Prod Commun, 4:1113-1118.
  • Sarıkurkcu C, Ozer MS, Eskici M, Tepe B, Can S, Mete E. 2010. Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl subp. longicaulis var. longicaulis. Food Chem. Toxicol, 48: 1801-1805.
  • Orav A, Raal A, Arak E, Muurisepp M, Kailas T. 2006. Composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L. of different geographical origin. Procee Est Acad Sci Chem, 55: 155-165.
  • Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. 1999. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J Appl Microbiol, 86: 985-990.
  • Hili P, Evans CS, Veness RG. 1997. Antimicrobial action of essential oils: the effect of dimethylsulphoxide on the activity of cinnamon oil. Lett Appl Microbiol, 24:269-275.
  • Carson CF, Riley TV. 1995. Antimicrobial activity of the major components of theessential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J Appl Bacteriol, 78: 264-269.
  • Lopez-Lutz D, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Kolodziejczyk PP. 2008. Screening of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia essential oils. Phytochem, 69:1732-1738
  • Cakir A, Kordali S, Kilic H, E. Kaya. 2005. Antifungal properties of essential oil and crude extracts of Hypericum linarioides Bosse. Biochem Syst Eco, 33: 245-256.
  • Cakir A, Kordali S, Zengin H, Izumi S, Hirata T. 2004. Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils isolated from Hypericum hyssopifolium and Hypericum heterophyllum. Flavour Frag J, 19: 62-68.
  • Alvarez-Castellanos DP, Bishop CD, Pascual- Villalobos MJ. 2001. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of flowerheads of garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium) against agricultural pathogens. Phytochem, 57: 99-102.
  • Daferera DJ, Ziogas BN, Polissiou MG. 2003. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botyrtis cinerea, Fusarium sp. and Clavibacter michiganensissubsp. michiganensis. Crop Protect, 22: 39-44.
  • Singh G, Singh P, De Lampasona MP, Catalan CAN. 2003. Studies on essential oils. Part 35. chemical and biocidal investigations on Tagetes erecta leaf volatile oil. Flavour Frag J, 18: 62-65.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Arzu Altunkaya This is me

Bünyamin Yıldırım This is me

Kamil Ekici This is me

Ömer Terzioğlu This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 39 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Altunkaya, A. ., Yıldırım, B. ., Ekici, K. ., Terzioğlu, Ö. . (2014). Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce). Gıda, 39(1), 17-24.
AMA Altunkaya A, Yıldırım B, Ekici K, Terzioğlu Ö. Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce). The Journal of Food. February 2014;39(1):17-24.
Chicago Altunkaya, Arzu, Bünyamin Yıldırım, Kamil Ekici, and Ömer Terzioğlu. “Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel Ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce)”. Gıda 39, no. 1 (February 2014): 17-24.
EndNote Altunkaya A, Yıldırım B, Ekici K, Terzioğlu Ö (February 1, 2014) Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce). Gıda 39 1 17–24.
IEEE A. . Altunkaya, B. . Yıldırım, K. . Ekici, and Ö. . Terzioğlu, “Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce)”, The Journal of Food, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 17–24, 2014.
ISNAD Altunkaya, Arzu et al. “Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel Ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce)”. Gıda 39/1 (February 2014), 17-24.
JAMA Altunkaya A, Yıldırım B, Ekici K, Terzioğlu Ö. Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce). The Journal of Food. 2014;39:17–24.
MLA Altunkaya, Arzu et al. “Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel Ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce)”. Gıda, vol. 39, no. 1, 2014, pp. 17-24.
Vancouver Altunkaya A, Yıldırım B, Ekici K, Terzioğlu Ö. Pelin Otu Ekstraktlarının Temel Uçucu Yağ Kompozisyonunun, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi (İngilizce). The Journal of Food. 2014;39(1):17-24.

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