Uluslararası ticarette kültürel zekâ: Sistematik literatür analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, kültürel zekâ (CQ) literatürünün uluslararası ticaret bağlamındaki entelektüel yapısını ve tematik gelişimini sistematik bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, PRISMA 2020 rehberi doğrultusunda yürütülmüş olup Scopus ve Web of Science veri tabanlarından elde edilen ve 2006-2025 dönemini kapsayan 315 akademik makale analiz kapsamına alınmıştır. Sistematik literatür analizi kapsamında, bibliyometrik analiz sürecinde performans göstergeleri Biblioshiny yazılımı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş, kümeleme yapısı ise VOSviewer aracılığıyla bibliyografik eşleştirme yöntemiyle ortaya konmuştur. Analiz sonuçları, kültürel zekâ literatürünün zaman içerisinde bireysel yetkinlik odaklı yaklaşımlardan örgütsel ve stratejik düzeyde ele alınan çok düzeyli bir yapıya evrildiğini göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, kültürel zekâ çalışmalarının altı ana tematik küme etrafında yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu kümeler kültürel zekâ araştırmalarının bireysel, örgütsel ve stratejik düzeylerdeki kurumsal çeşitliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, kültürel zekânın yalnızca kültürlerarası uyum ve iletişimi kolaylaştıran bireysel bir yetkinlik olmadığını, aynı zamanda uluslararası ticarette değer yaratan stratejik bir örgütsel kapasite olarak konumlandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yönüyle araştırma, dağınık durumdaki literatürü bütüncül bir çerçevede sentezleyerek hem kuramsal tartışmalara katkı sunmakta hem de gelecekteki araştırmalar için yol gösterici bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

• Kültürel Zekâ
• Uluslararası İşletmecilik
• Uluslararası Ticaret
• Sınır Ötesi Ticaret.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiği kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanmıştır.

Cultural intelligence in international trade: A systematic literature review

Abstract

This study aims to examine the intellectual structure and thematic development of the cultural intelligence (CQ) literature in the context of international trade from a systematic perspective. The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and 315 academic articles obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science databases covering the period 2006-2025 were included in the analysis. Within the scope of the systematic literature analysis, the bibliometric analysis process was performed using Biblioshiny software to evaluate performance indicators, while the clustering structure was revealed through bibliographic matching using VOSviewer. The analysis results show that the cultural intelligence literature has evolved over time from an approach focused on individual competence to a multi-level structure addressed at the organisational and strategic levels. Based on the findings, it was determined that cultural intelligence studies are concentrated around six main thematic clusters. These clusters reveal the institutional diversity of cultural intelligence research at the individual, organisational, and strategic levels. The study reveals that cultural intelligence is not merely an individual competency that facilitates cross-cultural adaptation and communication but can also be positioned as a strategic organisational capacity that creates value in international trade. In this respect, the research synthesises the fragmented literature within a holistic framework, contributing to theoretical discussions while also establishing a guiding foundation for future research.

Keywords

• Cultural Intelligence
• Cultural Quotient
• International Business
• International Trade
• Cross Border Trade

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