Characterization of Water and Oil Absorption Properties of Organic Additive Brake Pad Samples

Abstract

Along with the development of automotive technology in recent years, the search for alternative compositions for brake pads has also increased. Composition is expected to be produced from alternative dusts as well as performance of the many brake pads that contain dust. In alternative dusts, being environmentally friendly and having low cost are the most important factors. In this study borax tobacco and wollastonite were used in our country with high reserves. Water and oil absorption behavior of brake fluid samples produced with alternative dusts has been tested. The results obtained are compared with commercial brake linings used as references. The hardness values of the samples immersed in water decreased more than the samples immersed in the oil. Less hardness change was observed in the samples using wollastonite as additive. The density values of the borax-added brake pads are closer to the reference brake pad. The weight change observed in the wollastonite-added brake pads was obtained at values close to the commercial brake pads sample.

Keywords

• Brake pads,wollastonite,borax,water and oil absorption

Organik Katkılı Fren Balatası Numunelerinin Su ve Yağ Emme Özelliklerinin Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Son yıllarda otomotiv teknolojisinin gelişmesiyle birlikte, fren balatası için alternatif kompozisyon arayışı da artmıştır. Kompozisyonunda birçok tozu barındıran fren balatalarının, performansının yanında, alternatif tozlardan üretilmesi de beklenmektedir. Alternatif tozlarda, çevre dostu olması ve maliyetinin düşük olması istenen en önemli faktörlerdendir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde yüksek rezerve sahip boraks ve wollastonite kullanılmıştır. Alternatif tozlarla üretilen fren balatası numunelerinin su ve yağ emme davranışları test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar referans olarak kullanılan ticari fren balataları ile kıyaslanmıştır. Suda bekletilen numunelerin sertlik değerleri, yağda bekletilen numunelere göre daha fazla düşmüştür. Katkı maddesi olarak wollastonite kullanılan  numunelerde daha az sertlik değişimi gözlenmiştir. Boraks katkılı fren balatalarının yoğunluk değerleri referans fren balatasına daha yakın değerlerdedir. Wollastonite katkılı fren balatalarında gözlemlenen ağırlık değişimi ise ticari fren balatası numunesine  yakın değerlerde elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Fren balatası,wollastonite,boraks,su ve yağ emme

References

1. [1] Friction and wear of automotive brakes, vol 65, pp 320-328, 1992.
2. [2] M. Jacko and S. Rhee, "Brake linings and clutch facings," Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology, pp. 55-65, 4 DEC 2000 1992.
3. [3] I. Mutlu, O. Eldogan, and F. Findik, "Production of ceramic additive automotive brake lining and investigation of its braking characterisation," Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 84-92, 2005.
4. [4] M. H. Cho, J. Ju, S. J. Kim, and H. Jang, "Tribological properties of solid lubricants (graphite, Sb2S3, MoS2) for automotive brake friction materials," Wear, vol. 260, no. 7-8, pp. 855-860, 2006.
5. [5] M. G. Jacko and S. K. Rhee, "Brake Linings and Clutch Facings," in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000.
6. [6] B. Rashid, Z. Leman, M. Jawaid, M. R. Ishak, and F. M. Al-Oqla, "Eco-Friendly Composites for Brake Pads From Agro Waste: A Review," in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering: Elsevier, 2017.
7. [7] K. W. Hee, Filip, P., "Performance of ceramic enhanced phenolic matrix brake lining materials for automotive brake linings," Wear, vol. 259, no. 7-12, pp. 1088-1096, 2005.
8. [8] W. Ye, T. Cheng, Q. Ye, X. Guo, Z. Zhang, and H. Dang, "Preparation and tribological properties of tetrafluorobenzoic acid-modified TiO 2 nanoparticles as lubricant additives," Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 359, no. 1, pp. 82-85, 2003.

9. [9] Y. Li, Q. Fang, Z. Yi, and K. Zheng, "A study of internal friction in polypropylene (PP) filled with nanometer-scale CaCO 3 particles," Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 370, no. 1, pp. 268-272, 2004.
10. [10] S. Watanabe, J. Noshiro, and S. Miyake, "Friction properties of WS 2/MoS 2 multilayer films under vacuum environment," Surface and Coatings Technology, vol. 188, pp. 644-648, 2004.
11. [11] J. Jia, H. Zhou, S. Gao, and J. Chen, "A comparative investigation of the friction and wear behavior of polyimide composites under dry sliding and water-lubricated condition," Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 356, no. 1, pp. 48-53, 2003.
12. [12] Y. Fan, V. Matějka, G. Kratošová, and Y. Lu, "Role of Al2O3 in semi-metallic friction materials and its effects on friction and wear performance," Tribology Transactions, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 771-778, 2008.
13. [13] R. Ertan and N. Yavuz, "Balata malzemelerinde kullanılan yapısalların balatanın tribolojik ve fiziksel özelliklerine etkisi," Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 169-177, 2010.
14. [14] Y. Ma, G. S. Martynková, M. Valášková, V. Matějka, and Y. Lu, "Effects of ZrSiO 4 in non-metallic brake friction materials on friction performance," Tribology International, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 166-174, 2008.
15. [15] W. Wannik, A. Ayob, S. Syahrullail, H. Masjuki, and M. Ahmad, "The effect of boron friction modifier on the performance of brake pads," International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 31-35, 2012.
16. [16] G. Yi and F. Yan, "Effect of hexagonal boron nitride and calcined petroleum coke on friction and wear behavior of phenolic resin-based friction composites," Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 425, no. 1, pp. 330-338, 2006.
17. [17] I. Mutlu, C. Oner, and F. Findik, "Boric acid effect in phenolic composites on tribological properties in brake linings," Materials & design, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 480-487, 2007.
18. [18] H. Öktem, İ. Uygur, G. Akincioğlu, D. Kir, and H. Karakaş, "Evaluation of Non-Asbestos High Performance Brake Pads Produced With Organic Dusts," presented at the Metal 2015, Brno, Czech Republic, EU, 3-5 June, 2015.
19. [19] D. Yawas, S. Aku, and S. Amaren, "Morphology and properties of periwinkle shell asbestos-free brake pad," Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 103-109, 2016.
20. [20] V. Aigbodion, U. Akadike, S. Hassan, F. Asuke, and J. Agunsoye, "Development of asbestos-free brake pad using bagasse," Tribology in industry, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 12-17, 2010.