Traditional Houses in Materials Analysis; Konuralp, Düzce Example

Özlem Sallı Bideci; Büşra Sabuncu

Research Article

Malzeme Analizinde Geleneksel Evler; Düzce Konuralp Örneği

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 368 - 377, 31.08.2024

Özlem Sallı Bideci , Büşra Sabuncu

Abstract

In this study, mortar and plaster samples taken from a traditional house (1799 parcel) located in the neighborhood Konuralp, Düzce Province, were subjected to acid loss, and ignition loss, loss of aggregates sieve analysis after acid, protein and fat tests, tests of salt, as well as Petrographic and SEM-EDX analyses. Brick samples underwent physical examinations and microscopic analyses and mechanical in addition to SEM-EDX analyses. For wood samples, macroscopic and microscopic analyses were conducted to determine their types. Based on these analyses, recommendations have been made to contribute to the repair and reuse of the material properties of the selection processes of traditional structures.

Keywords

Traditional Building, Prusias ad Hypium, Konuralp Houses, Material Analysis

Ethical Statement

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Thanks

This study was produced from the thesis titled "The importance of material analysis in the reuse and repair of traditional houses: The case of Düzce-Konuralp", written at Düzce University, Institute of Science, Department of Architecture.

References

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[3] E. Besli, “Examination of traditional Turkish house architecture: Case of Düzce-Konuralp,” Master's Thesis, Düzce University Institute of Science and Technology, Düzce, Türkiye, 2019.
[4] H. Arslan, D. Gökçen, A. Tanrıverdi Kaya, Konuralp anti̇k ti̇yatro 1. derece arkeolojı̇k sı̇t alaninin mekânsal analı̇zı̇. Düzce’de Tarih, Kültür ve Sanat, Gaye Kitabevi, Bursa, Türkiye, 2015, pp.246-253.
[5] Düzce municipality reports, 2022.
[6] TS EN 1936 “Natural stones - Test methods - Determination of true density, apparent density, total and open porosity,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2010.
[7] TS EN 13755 “Natural stones - Test methods - Water absorption pattern at atmospheric pressure,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2009.
[8] TS EN 772-1+A1 “Masonry units - test methods - Part 1: Determination of compressive strength,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2018.
[9] TS EN 12407 “Natural Stones- Test methods-petrographic examination”. Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2019.
[10] TS EN 12440 “Natural stones naming criteria” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2010.
[11] İ.B.B. KUDEB, Restoration and conservation laboratories book, Şan Matbaası, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2009.
[12] A. Çağlar. “Experimental research on improvement with boron waste additive of properties of blend brick used in traditional Kastamonu houses,” Ph.D. thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Science and Technology, Konya, Türkiye, 2018.
[13] K. Koç, “Documentation and investigation of constructional characteristics belong to Bursa Gölyazı region,” Master's Thesis, Istanbul Technical University Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2019.
[14] S. Kurugöl, Ç. Tekin. “Evaluation of physical, chemical and mechanical characteristic of bricks used in castle structures of byzantine period”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ, vol. 25, no. 4, pp.767-777, March 2010.
[15] Ö. Özgen. “Horasan harcı üzerine deneysel çalışmalar,” Specialization Thesis, T.R. Ministry of Culture and Tourism Istanbul Surveying and Monuments Directorate, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2012.
[16] G. Özışık. Yapı Mühendisliğinde Tuğla Elemanlar ve Yapı Sistemleri. Birsen Yayınevi, Ankara, Türkiye, 2000.
[17] Ö. Akıncı. “Seramik killeri ve jeolojisi,” Journal of Mineral Research and Exploration, dergi.mta.gov.tr, Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 1968. [Online]. 1968. Available: https://dergi.mta.gov.tr/dosyalar/images/mtadergi/makaleler/tr/20151013144716_804_22796a01.pdf. [Accessed: July, 15, 2022] [1] M. Can. “Work report-Kültürel Miras ve Müzecilik Çalışma Raporu,” teftis.ktb.gov.tr, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, September, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://teftis.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/1279,muserrefcanpdf.pdf. [Accessed: July, 15, 2022].
[2] T. N. Olğun. “An Investigation on the conservation of traditional buildings in Elazığ/Hüseynik neighborhood: The case of house No 23,” International Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, vol. 9, no. 68, pp. 3467-3485, September 2023. doi:10.29228/JOSH AS.72142
[3] E. Besli, “Examination of traditional Turkish house architecture: Case of Düzce-Konuralp,” Master's Thesis, Düzce University Institute of Science and Technology, Düzce, Türkiye, 2019.
[4] H. Arslan, D. Gökçen, A. Tanrıverdi Kaya, Konuralp anti̇k ti̇yatro 1. derece arkeolojı̇k sı̇t alaninin mekânsal analı̇zı̇. Düzce’de Tarih, Kültür ve Sanat, Gaye Kitabevi, Bursa, Türkiye, 2015, pp.246-253.
[5] Düzce municipality reports, 2022.
[6] TS EN 1936 “Natural stones - Test methods - Determination of true density, apparent density, total and open porosity,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2010.
[7] TS EN 13755 “Natural stones - Test methods - Water absorption pattern at atmospheric pressure,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2009.
[8] TS EN 772-1+A1 “Masonry units - test methods - Part 1: Determination of compressive strength,” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2018.
[9] TS EN 12407 “Natural Stones- Test methods-petrographic examination”. Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2019.
[10] TS EN 12440 “Natural stones naming criteria” Turkish Standardization Institute, Ankara, 2010.
[11] İ.B.B. KUDEB, Restoration and conservation laboratories book, Şan Matbaası, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2009.
[12] A. Çağlar. “Experimental research on improvement with boron waste additive of properties of blend brick used in traditional Kastamonu houses,” Ph.D. thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Science and Technology, Konya, Türkiye, 2018.
[13] K. Koç, “Documentation and investigation of constructional characteristics belong to Bursa Gölyazı region,” Master's Thesis, Istanbul Technical University Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2019.
[14] S. Kurugöl, Ç. Tekin. “Evaluation of physical, chemical and mechanical characteristic of bricks used in castle structures of byzantine period”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ, vol. 25, no. 4, pp.767-777, March 2010.
[15] Ö. Özgen. “Horasan harcı üzerine deneysel çalışmalar,” Specialization Thesis, T.R. Ministry of Culture and Tourism Istanbul Surveying and Monuments Directorate, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2012.
[16] G. Özışık. Yapı Mühendisliğinde Tuğla Elemanlar ve Yapı Sistemleri. Birsen Yayınevi, Ankara, Türkiye, 2000.
[17] Ö. Akıncı. “Seramik killeri ve jeolojisi,” Journal of Mineral Research and Exploration, dergi.mta.gov.tr, Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 1968. [Online]. 1968. Available: https://dergi.mta.gov.tr/dosyalar/images/mtadergi/makaleler/tr/20151013144716_804_22796a01.pdf. [Accessed: July, 15, 2022]