The effect of loading speed and axes on the mechanical properties of safflower seeds with different moisture contents

Abstract

In this study, the mechanical properties of seeds belonging to ‘Shifa’ and ‘Remzibey-05’ safflower varieties were determined based on different moisture contents, loading axes, and loading speeds. Three different moisture levels, three loading axes (x-, y-, z-), and three loading speeds (30, 60, 90 mm min-1) were tested in the experiments. Generally, it was observed that safflower seeds are affected by the loading axis and speed at different moisture contents. Rupture force, deformation, rupture energy, and power required for rupture were significantly (p<0.01) affected by loading axis. Moisture content had a significant (p<0.01) effect on the deformation of ‘Shifa’ variety seeds, while it was non-significant (p>0.05) for ‘Remzibey-05’ variety. The highest rupture force was noted for the ‘Shifa’ variety at 54.10 N with a moisture content of 6.36% on the y-axis and a loading speed of 30 mm min-1, while the lowest rupture force was recorded for the ‘Remzibey-05’ variety at 24.83 N with a moisture content of 6.08% on the x-axis at a loading speed of 30 mm min-1. The results obtained for mechanical properties are important engineering data that can be used in the design, production, development, and operation of machines and systems to be used in post-harvest processing technologies of the safflower plant, especially for crushing and grinding.

Keywords

• Rupture force
• Deformation
• Rupture energy
• Force required for rupture

Farklı Nem İçeriklerindeki Aspir Tohumlarının Mekanik Özelliklerine Yükleme Hızı ve Eksenlerinin Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Shifa ve Remzibey-05 aspir çeşitlerine ait tohumların mekanik özellikleri, farklı nem içerikleri, yükleme eksenleri ve yükleme hızları temel alınarak belirlenmiştir. Deneylerde üç farklı nem seviyesi, üç yükleme ekseni (x-, y-, z-) ve üç yükleme hızı (30, 60, 90 mm min-1) kullanılmıştır. Mekanik testlerin sonuçları genel olarak incelendiğinde, yük ekseni ve yükleme hızının farklı nem içeriklerinde tohumları etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir. Shifa ve Remzibey-05 çeşitlerinde, yük ekseni ortalamalarının kopma kuvveti, deformasyon, kopma enerjisi ve kopma için gereken güç üzerindeki etkisinin p<0,01 düzeyinde anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Nem içeriği ortalamalarının Shifa aspir tohumlarının deformasyonu üzerindeki etkisinin p<0,01 düzeyinde anlamlı olduğu bulunurken, Remzibey-05 çeşidinde anlamlı olmadığı (p>0,05) bulunmuştur. Çeşitlere göre en yüksek kopma kuvveti, y ekseninde nem içeriği %6,36 olan ve yükleme hızı 30 mm min-1 olan Shifa çeşidinde 54, 10 N, y ekseninde %6,36 nem içeriği ve 30 mm min-1 yükleme hızında elde edilirken, en düşük kopma kuvveti Remzibey-05 çeşidinde 24,83 N, x ekseninde %6,08 nem içeriği ve 30 mm min-1 yükleme hızında elde edilmiştir. Mekanik özellikler için elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle kırma ve öğütme işlemleri için, aspir bitkisinin hasat sonrası işleme teknolojilerinde kullanılacak makinelerin ve sistemlerin tasarımı, üretimi, geliştirilmesi ve işletilmesinde kullanılabilecek önemli mühendislik verileridir.

Keywords

• Kırılma kuvveti
• Deformasyon
• Kırılma enerjisi
• Kırılma için gerekli güç

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