15. ve 19. yüzyıllar arası tarihi kartografik malzemelerde Bodrum Halikarnas tasviri

Öz

Tarihsel kartografik materyaller bize sadece bir şehir ve bölgedeki mekansal ortamın evrimi hakkında değil, aynı zamanda farklı dünya görüşlerinin şehir ve bölge anlayışı hakkında da önemli kanıtlar sağlar. Bu bağlamda, Doğu Akdeniz'deki antik Halikarnas'ın konumlandığı Bodrum, farklı dönemlere ve geleneklere ait çok sayıda tarihi haritanın mevcudiyeti nedeniyle bu evrim ve anlayışların gözlemlenmesi için mükemmel bir laboratuvar olarak düşünülebilir. Çalışma, Bodrum için mevcut olan tarihi kartografik malzemelerin irdelenebilmesi için dört haritalama geleneğini ortaya çıkararak, bir yandan, şehirdeki eski ve dikkat çekici binaların mekansal biçimlenişinin evrimine ve diğer yandan, farklı dünya görüşlerinin ve anlayışlarının tezahürüne atıfta bulunmak suretiyle, Bodrum şehrinin tarihini yeniden okumaktadır. Bu, tarihi, haritacılık olarak yeniden formüle ederken, haritacılığı da tarih olarak bağlamlaştıran iki katlı bir mercek kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Coğrafi-sabitleme de yardımcı bir çözümleme yöntemi olarak mekansal unsurların sabitlenmesinde kullanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kent tarihi
• Tarihi haritalar
• Eleştirel harita tarihi
• Doğu Akdeniz
• Bodrum

Depiction of Bodrum Halicarnassus in the historical cartographic materials between 15th and 19th Centuries

Abstract

Historical cartographic materials provide us with significant evidence not only about the evolution of spatial setting in a city and region, but also conception of it from different worldviews. In this context, Bodrum, the site of ancient Halicarnassus in the Eastern Mediterranean, can be considered as a perfect laboratory for the observation of this evolution and conceptions owing to the availability of a number of historical maps belonging to the different eras and traditions. By revealing four mapping traditions for elaboration of the historical cartographic materials available for Bodrum, the study re-read the history of Bodrum city with reference to, on the one hand, the evolution of spatial configuration of the old and remarkable buildings in the city, and on the other hand, the manifestation of the different world views and conceptions, which is realized by employing a two-folded lens that reformulates history as cartography while contextualizing cartography as history. Georeferencing is also used as an auxiliary method of analysis for the fixation of spatial elements.

Keywords

• Urban history
• Historical maps
• Critical map history
• Eastern Mediterranean
• Bodrum

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