Research Article
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Re-reading the Relation between Architectural Research Methods and Creativity through Doctoral Theses

Year 2024, , 517 - 544, 30.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1297998

Abstract

In this study, the degree to which architectural research methods relate to practice is discussed through the concepts of practice-led and practice-based, and how close they are to the creative process that forms the basis of design-based thinking is analysed. In this way, the study questions the place of creativity in architectural research, which is a fundamental activity of knowledge production for design practice. Architectural research methods, which are analysed with permeable relationships through a systematised form according to the relationships of the seven methods defined by Groat and Wang (2013) in their book Architectural Research Methods, have been analytically examined through doctoral theses completed on a national and international scale. As a result of the study, the relationships of the research methods with the practice were evaluated with a new scale proposed with the inferences made from the theses examined, and a new categorisation was presented in the context of creativity with the data obtained from all these analyses. This proposed framework can provide researchers using design-based research methods with a new awareness of how they can relate to their research/projects and suggest appropriate combinations for their work. Focusing on the interplay between research methods, practice and creativity, this study aims to contribute to knowledge in the field of architectural research.

References

  • Abdullan, Z. B. (2014). Exploring the evolution of design-build courses in architectural schools: A qualitative study (Order No. 3629987). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1562698133). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/exploring-evolution-design-build-courses/docview/1562698133/se-2.
  • Ağırbaş, A. (2016). Avangard tasarım süreci için kent morfolojisi kısıtlayıcıları ile bir simülasyon model (Tez No. 456221) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Aslan, E. (2011). Historical references in architectural design with special emphasis on Anatolian vernacular architecture: A study in Turkish tourism architecture (Publication No. 10045444) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Salford]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Atakan, G. (2019). Mekân tasarımında konsept geliştirilmesi aşaması için yaratıcı düşünme eğitim modeli (Tez No. 545743) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Bayırlı, Ü. (2020). Fictionation idea generation tool for product design education utilizing what-if scenarios of design fiction: A mixed method study (Tez No. 644130) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Biggs, M. (2002). The role of the artefact in art and design research. International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology. 10(2), 19-22.
  • Candy, L. (2006). Practice based research: A guide. CCS report, University of Technology, Sydney.
  • Candy L. & Edmonds, E. A. (2018). Practice-based research in the creative arts: Foundations and futures from the front line. Leonardo, 51 (1): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1162/LEON_a_01471.
  • Cross, N. (2001). Design cognition: results from protocol and other empirical studies of design activity. In Eastman C., Newstatter W. and McCracken M. (Ed.), Design knowing and learning: cognition in design education (p. 79–103), Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
  • Dourado, P. & Davel, E. (2022). Creativity as practice: perspectives and challenges for research on management. Revista De Administração De Empresas, 62(3). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020220310x.
  • Eswar, C. D. (2022). Using a Design Thinking Approach in Human Resource Practices in North America (Order No. 29212889). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2685451963). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/using-design-thinking-approach-human-resource/docview/2685451963/se-2.
  • Frayling, C. (1997). Practice-based doctorates in the creative and performing arts and design. Coventry: UK Council for Graduate Education.
  • Gabr, M. M. (2021). Student Experience and the Design of Campus Outdoor Spaces: An Optimized Assessment and Comparative Cross-Case Analysis at Universities from Two Leading Nations – England, UK & California, US (Order No. 29171238). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2689289447). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/i-student-experience-design-campus-outdoor-spaces/docview/2689289447/se-2.
  • Gaffney, A. L. H. (2010). Communicating about, in, and through design: A study exploring communication instruction and design students’ critique performance (Publication No. 3429720) [Doctoral dissertation, North Carolina State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Groat, L. N. & Wang, D. (2013). Architectural research methods. New York: Wiley&Sons. Hokanson, B. (2007). By measure: creativity in design. Industry and Higher Education, 21(5), 353-359. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000007782311830.
  • Kara, H. (2020). Creative research methods in the social sciences: A practical guide. Great Britain: Bristol University Press.
  • Kerrigan, S. (2010). Creative practice research: Interrogating creativity theories through documentary practice. Text, 14(Special 8). https://doi.org/10.52086/001c.31510.
  • Keslacy, E. M. (2016). The Architecture of Design: The Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Museum of Design (1896-1976) (Order No. 10391636). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1875193859). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/architecture-design-cooper-hewitt-smithsonian/docview/1875193859/se-2.
  • Kızılcan, E. B. (2023). Custom senses of order in architectural design: Formal and intuitive modes of visual reasoning (Tez No. 795741) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • London, K. & Ostwald, M. (2004). Architectural research methods. Nexus Network Journal, 6(1), 51-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-004-0006-7.
  • Nimkulrat, N. (2007). The role of documentation in practice-led research. Journal of Research Practice, 3(1). Nimkulrat, N. (2013). Situating creative artifacts in art and design research. Formakademisk - Forskningstidsskrift for Design Og Designdidaktikk, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.657. North-Bates, S. (2007). The influence of complimentary practices and spirituality on British design 1930-2005 (Order No. 10700944). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1964672886). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/influence-complimentary-practices-spirituality-on/docview/1964672886/se-2.
  • Özaltun, G. (2023). Artırılmış gerçekliğin temel tasarım eğitiminde kullanımının yaratıcılık sürecine etkisi (Tez No. 842747). [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Özden, P. (2023). Citizen Design Science in the Context of Crowd-Creative Design Practices: Case of Izmir (Order No. 31063859). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2918134915). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/citizen-design-science-context-crowd-creative/docview/2918134915/se-2.
  • Rendell, J. (2004). Architectural research and disciplinarity. Arq: Architectural Research Quarterly, 8(2), 141-147. Erişim adresi: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/arq-architectural- research- quarterly/article/architectural-research-and- disciplinarity/540E6BB77F0F1BBC0065A6C18592287B.
  • Schön, D. A. (1988). Toward a marriage of artistry & applied science in the architectural design studio. Journal of Architectural Education, 41(4), 4-10.
  • Shuman, L. (2021). Design-based learning in higher education: A qualitative interview study of students’ experiences of learning through design (Publication No. 29274354) [Doctoral dissertation, McGill University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Smith, H. (2009). Practice-led research, research-led practice in the creative arts. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Sweet, T. (2018). Artefacts with agency: fostering resilience through practice-led research. Research in Arts and Education, 2018(3), 73-91. https://doi.org/10.54916/rae.118860.
  • Throne, R. (2021). Practice-based and practice-led research for dissertation development. Hersey: IGI Global. Varsami, C. (2023). Human-Building Collaboration: A Case Study on Lighting Enabled Collaborative System Design (Order No. 30570022). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2869447272). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/human-building-collaboration-case-study-on/docview/2869447272/se-2.
  • Waller, J. C. (2023). Resilient Infrastructure: An Integrated Design Approach for the Equitable Distribution of Stormwater Capital Improvements Projects for Pluvial Flood Mitigation (Order No. 30563875). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2866083637). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/resilient-infrastructure-integrated-design/docview/2866083637/se-2.
  • Wilkie, A., Gaver, W., Hemment, D., & Giannachi, G. (2010). Creative assemblages: Organisation and outputs of practice-led research. Leonardo, 43(1), 98-99. https://doi.org/10.1162/leon.2010.43.1.98.
  • Zimmerman, E. (2009). Reconceptualizing the role of creativity in art education theory and practice. Studies in Art Education, 50(4), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/00393541.2009.11518783.

Mimari Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Yaratıcılık İlişkisini Doktora Tezleri Üzerinden Yeniden Okumak

Year 2024, , 517 - 544, 30.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1297998

Abstract

Bu çalışmada mimari araştırma yöntemlerinin uygulama ile kurdukları ilişki dereceleri uygulama odaklı ve uygulamaya dayalı kavramları üzerinden tartışılmış ve tasarım temelli düşüncenin tabanını oluşturan yaratıcı sürece ne derece yakın oldukları incelenmiştir. Bu sayede çalışma, mimari araştırmalarda, tasarım uygulamasına yönelik bilgi üretiminin temel bir faaliyeti olan yaratıcılığın yerini sorgulamaktadır. Groat ve Wang’in (2013) Architectural Research Methods isimli kitabında tanımladığı yedi yöntemin ilişkilerine göre sistematize edilen şekil üzerinden, geçirgen ilişkilerle analiz edilen mimari araştırma yöntemleri, ulusal ve uluslararası ölçekte tamamlanmış doktora tezleri üzerinden analitik olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, incelenen tezlerden yapılan çıkarımlarla araştırma yöntemlerinin uygulama ile olan ilişkileri önerilen yeni bir ölçekle değerlendirilmiş ve tüm bu analizlerden elde edilen verilerle yaratıcılık bağlamında yeni bir kategorizasyon sunulmuştur. Önerilen bu çerçeve, tasarım temelli araştırma yöntemlerini kullanan araştırmacılara araştırmaları/projeleri ile nasıl ilişki kurabileceklerine dair yeni bir farkındalık ve çalışmaları için uygun kombinasyonlara dair öneri sağlayabilmektedir. Araştırma yöntemleri, uygulama ve yaratıcılık arasındaki etkileşime odaklanan bu çalışma mimari araştırma alanındaki bilgiye katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

References

  • Abdullan, Z. B. (2014). Exploring the evolution of design-build courses in architectural schools: A qualitative study (Order No. 3629987). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1562698133). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/exploring-evolution-design-build-courses/docview/1562698133/se-2.
  • Ağırbaş, A. (2016). Avangard tasarım süreci için kent morfolojisi kısıtlayıcıları ile bir simülasyon model (Tez No. 456221) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Aslan, E. (2011). Historical references in architectural design with special emphasis on Anatolian vernacular architecture: A study in Turkish tourism architecture (Publication No. 10045444) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Salford]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Atakan, G. (2019). Mekân tasarımında konsept geliştirilmesi aşaması için yaratıcı düşünme eğitim modeli (Tez No. 545743) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Bayırlı, Ü. (2020). Fictionation idea generation tool for product design education utilizing what-if scenarios of design fiction: A mixed method study (Tez No. 644130) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Biggs, M. (2002). The role of the artefact in art and design research. International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology. 10(2), 19-22.
  • Candy, L. (2006). Practice based research: A guide. CCS report, University of Technology, Sydney.
  • Candy L. & Edmonds, E. A. (2018). Practice-based research in the creative arts: Foundations and futures from the front line. Leonardo, 51 (1): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1162/LEON_a_01471.
  • Cross, N. (2001). Design cognition: results from protocol and other empirical studies of design activity. In Eastman C., Newstatter W. and McCracken M. (Ed.), Design knowing and learning: cognition in design education (p. 79–103), Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
  • Dourado, P. & Davel, E. (2022). Creativity as practice: perspectives and challenges for research on management. Revista De Administração De Empresas, 62(3). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020220310x.
  • Eswar, C. D. (2022). Using a Design Thinking Approach in Human Resource Practices in North America (Order No. 29212889). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2685451963). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/using-design-thinking-approach-human-resource/docview/2685451963/se-2.
  • Frayling, C. (1997). Practice-based doctorates in the creative and performing arts and design. Coventry: UK Council for Graduate Education.
  • Gabr, M. M. (2021). Student Experience and the Design of Campus Outdoor Spaces: An Optimized Assessment and Comparative Cross-Case Analysis at Universities from Two Leading Nations – England, UK & California, US (Order No. 29171238). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2689289447). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/i-student-experience-design-campus-outdoor-spaces/docview/2689289447/se-2.
  • Gaffney, A. L. H. (2010). Communicating about, in, and through design: A study exploring communication instruction and design students’ critique performance (Publication No. 3429720) [Doctoral dissertation, North Carolina State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Groat, L. N. & Wang, D. (2013). Architectural research methods. New York: Wiley&Sons. Hokanson, B. (2007). By measure: creativity in design. Industry and Higher Education, 21(5), 353-359. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000007782311830.
  • Kara, H. (2020). Creative research methods in the social sciences: A practical guide. Great Britain: Bristol University Press.
  • Kerrigan, S. (2010). Creative practice research: Interrogating creativity theories through documentary practice. Text, 14(Special 8). https://doi.org/10.52086/001c.31510.
  • Keslacy, E. M. (2016). The Architecture of Design: The Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Museum of Design (1896-1976) (Order No. 10391636). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1875193859). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/architecture-design-cooper-hewitt-smithsonian/docview/1875193859/se-2.
  • Kızılcan, E. B. (2023). Custom senses of order in architectural design: Formal and intuitive modes of visual reasoning (Tez No. 795741) [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • London, K. & Ostwald, M. (2004). Architectural research methods. Nexus Network Journal, 6(1), 51-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-004-0006-7.
  • Nimkulrat, N. (2007). The role of documentation in practice-led research. Journal of Research Practice, 3(1). Nimkulrat, N. (2013). Situating creative artifacts in art and design research. Formakademisk - Forskningstidsskrift for Design Og Designdidaktikk, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.657. North-Bates, S. (2007). The influence of complimentary practices and spirituality on British design 1930-2005 (Order No. 10700944). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1964672886). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/influence-complimentary-practices-spirituality-on/docview/1964672886/se-2.
  • Özaltun, G. (2023). Artırılmış gerçekliğin temel tasarım eğitiminde kullanımının yaratıcılık sürecine etkisi (Tez No. 842747). [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi. Ulusal Tez Merkezi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi.
  • Özden, P. (2023). Citizen Design Science in the Context of Crowd-Creative Design Practices: Case of Izmir (Order No. 31063859). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2918134915). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/citizen-design-science-context-crowd-creative/docview/2918134915/se-2.
  • Rendell, J. (2004). Architectural research and disciplinarity. Arq: Architectural Research Quarterly, 8(2), 141-147. Erişim adresi: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/arq-architectural- research- quarterly/article/architectural-research-and- disciplinarity/540E6BB77F0F1BBC0065A6C18592287B.
  • Schön, D. A. (1988). Toward a marriage of artistry & applied science in the architectural design studio. Journal of Architectural Education, 41(4), 4-10.
  • Shuman, L. (2021). Design-based learning in higher education: A qualitative interview study of students’ experiences of learning through design (Publication No. 29274354) [Doctoral dissertation, McGill University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Smith, H. (2009). Practice-led research, research-led practice in the creative arts. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Sweet, T. (2018). Artefacts with agency: fostering resilience through practice-led research. Research in Arts and Education, 2018(3), 73-91. https://doi.org/10.54916/rae.118860.
  • Throne, R. (2021). Practice-based and practice-led research for dissertation development. Hersey: IGI Global. Varsami, C. (2023). Human-Building Collaboration: A Case Study on Lighting Enabled Collaborative System Design (Order No. 30570022). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2869447272). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/human-building-collaboration-case-study-on/docview/2869447272/se-2.
  • Waller, J. C. (2023). Resilient Infrastructure: An Integrated Design Approach for the Equitable Distribution of Stormwater Capital Improvements Projects for Pluvial Flood Mitigation (Order No. 30563875). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2866083637). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/resilient-infrastructure-integrated-design/docview/2866083637/se-2.
  • Wilkie, A., Gaver, W., Hemment, D., & Giannachi, G. (2010). Creative assemblages: Organisation and outputs of practice-led research. Leonardo, 43(1), 98-99. https://doi.org/10.1162/leon.2010.43.1.98.
  • Zimmerman, E. (2009). Reconceptualizing the role of creativity in art education theory and practice. Studies in Art Education, 50(4), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/00393541.2009.11518783.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ebrar Kuruçay Gök 0000-0002-2911-1658

Duygu Koca 0000-0003-4176-8115

Publication Date October 30, 2024
Submission Date May 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Kuruçay Gök, E., & Koca, D. (2024). Mimari Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Yaratıcılık İlişkisini Doktora Tezleri Üzerinden Yeniden Okumak. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal, 7(2), 517-544. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1297998