GSU Managerial and Social Sciences Letters (GSUMASS Letters) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published electronically and periodically twice a year, in March and September. The publication languages of the journal are English and French. GSUMASS Letters publishes original theoretical, conceptual, and empirical studies with high scientific contribution in the fields of economics and administrative sciences, especially in economics, business administration, international relations, and political science. Moreover, in each issue, under the title of the GSUMASS Agenda, brief information, comments, and/or criticism notes prepared by experts on current issues to be determined by the editor and/or field editors are also included.