Determination freeze-drying characteristics of ottoman strawberries

Abstract

This study was performed to define the kinetic drying model and to define the effective diffusivity coefficient of the fruit, which is called ottoman strawberries in the literature. In the study, strawberries by the weight of 100 g and with a thickness of 5 mm were placed in the drying device, and the data were processed by observing the weight loss every two hours after being subjected to the drying process for 14 hours. 8 different kinetic drying models were applied to the acquired data using the MATLAB program. As a result of the application, the estimated standard errors (RMSE), chi-square (X2), regression coefficients (R2) were calculated, error analysis was performed, R2, X2, and RMSE values were found, as 9,998×10-1, 6,993×10-5 and 0.7242×10-2. According to these results, the model of strawberry was determined that the most suitable model is the Page model. Also, the effective diffusivity coefficients for ottoman strawberries were calculated as 2.73286 × 10-10 m2/s. It was confirmed that the calculated effective diffusivity value was within the reference range mentioned in the literature (10-12 m2/s – 10-8 m2/s) for food products.

Keywords

• Drying kinetics
• Drying of Strawberry
• Kinetic drying model
• Page model
• Effective diffusivity

References

1. [1] Prosapio, V., Norton, I., De Marco, I., “Optimization of freeze-drying using a Life Cycle Assessment approach: Strawberries’ case study”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 168: 1171-1179, (2017).
2. [2] Pellicer, J. A., Fortea, M. I., Trabal, J., Isabel, M. R. L., Diaz, C. C., Gabaldon, J. A., Delicado, E. N., “Optimization of the microencapsulation of synthetic strawberry flavour with different blends of encapsulating agents using spray drying”, Powder Technology, 338: 591-598, (2018).
3. [3] Szadzınska, J., Kowalski, S. J., Stasiak, M., “Microwave and ultrasound enhancement of convective drying of strawberries: Experimental and modeling efficiency”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 103: 1065-1074, (2016).
4. [4] Camacho, C. A. M., Torres, J. R. M., Jaegler, A., Gondran, N., “Sustainability metrics for real case applications of the supply chain network design problem: A systematic literature review”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 231: 600-618, (2019).
5. [5] Zhang, L., Liao, L., Qiao, Y., Wang, C., Shi, D., An, K., Hu, J., “Effects of ultrahigh pressure and ultrasound pretreatments on properties of strawberry chips prepared by vacuum-freeze drying. Food chemistry”, Food Chemistry, 303: 125386, (2020).
6. [6] Huang, L. L., Zhang, M., Yan, W. Q., Mujumdar, A. S., Sun, D. F., “Effect of coating on post-drying of freeze-dried strawberry pieces” Journal of Food Engineering, 92: 107-111, (2009).
7. [7] Xu, B., Chen, J., Tiliwa, E. S., Yan, W., Azam, S. R., Yuan, J., Ma, H., “Effect of multi-mode dual-frequency ultrasound pretreatment on the vacuum freeze-drying process and quality attributes of the strawberry slices”, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 78: 105714, (2021).
8. [8] Doymaz, I.,“ Convective drying kinetics of strawberry”, Drying Technology, 16: 399-431, (2007).

9. [9] Acar, B., Sadıkoglu, H., Ozkaymak, M.,“ Freeze Drying of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)”, Drying Technology, 29: 1622-1627, (2011).
10. [10] Acar, B., Sadıkoglu, H., Doymaz, I.,“ Freeze-Drying Kinetics and Diffusion Modeling of Saffron (C rocus sativus L .)”, Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 39(2): 142-149, (2015).
11. [11] Bicciato, S., Pandin, M., Didone, G., Bello, C. D.,“Pattern identification and classification in gene expression data using an autoassociative neural network model”, Biotechology and Bioengineering, 81: 594-606, (2002).
12. [12] Shukla, A., K., Singh, P., Vardhan, M., “A two-stage gene selection method for biomarker discovery from microarray data for cancer classification”, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 183: 47-58, (2018).
13. [13] Menges, H. O., Ertekin C., “Mathematical modeling of thin layer drying of Golden apples”, Journal of Food Engineering, 77: 119-125, (2006).
14. [14] Acar, B., Dağdeviren, A., Özkaymak, M.,“ Design of Hazelnut Drying System Supported By Solar Energy, Investigation of Drying Performance and Determination of Proper Drying Model”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 10: 570-577, (2020).
15. [15] Dağdeviren, A., Acar, B., Aydın, M.,“Alternative heat insulation method for rigid construction walls”, International Journal of Energy Studies, 6(3): 19, (2021).
16. [16] Lammerskitten, A., Wiktor, A., Mykhailyk, V., Samborska, K., Gondek, E., Witrowa-Rajchert, D., Parniakov, O., “Pulsed electric field pre-treatment improCase of strawberry”, LWT, 134(3): 110266, (2020).
17. [17] Doymaz, I., “Drying, Colour And Rehydration Characteristics Of Orange Slices Under Infrared Radiation Heating”, Journal Of Food Processing And Preservation, (2022).
18. [18] Yılmaz, S. H., Taskesen, E., Roshanaeı, K., Ozkaymak, M., “Energy Management with Intelligent Plug and Socket”, Gazi University Journal of Science, 35(3): 969-978, (2022).
19. [19] Yelten, A., Yılmaz, O., Akguner, Z. P., Ozturk, A., Yılmaz, S., “In-Vitro Bioactivity Investigation of Sol-Gel Derived Alumina-Bovine Hydroxyapatite (BHA) Composite Powders”, Gazi University Journal of Science, 33(4): 690-700, (2020).
20. [20] Dağlı, M., Çelen, S., “Investigation of Microwave Drying of a Firefighting Hose”, Gazi University Journal of Science, 35(2): 701-714, (2022).