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Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction

Year 2019, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 914 - 926, 01.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.402250

Abstract

The moisture content in agricultural products is very critical. The presence of moisture also affects the quality of agricultural products like rice, wheat, nuts etc. Moisture content in food grains should be reduced and made optimum value otherwise it would encourage fungi development. The development of fungus makes the grain useless. For measuring the capacitance of paddy grains, designed integrated circuit was interfaced with the PC. The arrangement used is a high precision impedance converter. It is a 12 bit frequency generator and 1 Mega samples / sec analog to digital converter. Frequency sweep can be done using the circuit. This converter is interfaced with PC to measure the capacitance of paddy. Initially ceramic capacitors of different values were used to check the designed circuit. Then using the designed circuit, capacitance of representative amount of samples was measured and calculated the moisture content from the obtained readings. The technique is fast, simple, accurate and non-destructive method. Though the method is accurate, there is a slight variation in decimal points and the error was also corrected using Matlab.

References

  • Reference1 Chari.V. K. Kandala and S. O. Nelson, “Rf impedance method for estimating moisture content in small samples of in-shell peanuts,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 56, no.3. June 2007.
  • Reference2 Chari. V. K. Kandala, C. L.Butts, and S. O. Nelson, “Capacitance sensor for non-destructive measurement of moisture content in nuts and grain,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1809–1813. October. 2007.
  • Reference3 Chari V Kandala and Jaya Sundaram,“Nondestructive measurement of moisture content using a parallel plate capacitance sensor for nuts and grain,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1282- 1287. July 2010.
  • Reference4 Nelson S O. “Dielectric properties of agriculture products -measurements and applications”. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation; vol. 26, no.5, pp.845-69. 1991.
  • Reference5 Nelson S O “Use Of Electrical Properties for Grain Moisture Measurement” Journal of Microwave Power, vol.12 no.1, pp. 67-72. 1977.
  • Reference6 Nelson S O, Kraszewski A, Trabelsi S, Lawrence K C, “Using cereal grain permittivity for sensing moisture content” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 49, no. 3, pp 470-475. 2000.
  • Reference7 G. Briggs, “An electrical resistance method for the rapid determination of the moisture content of grain,” American Association for the Advancement of Science, vol.28, no.727, pp.810-813. December 1908.
  • Reference8 Jishun Jiang and Hua Ji , “Modeling of moisture test for grain based on neural network and dielectric loss factor,” IEEE Computer Society ,Second International Symposium, on Computational Intelligence and Design. November 10 2009.
  • Reference9 Ki-Bok Kim, Jong –Heon Kim, Seung Seok Lee and Sang Ha Noh, “Measurement of grain moisture content using microwave attenuation at 10.5ghz and moisture density,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51,no.1, February 2002.
  • Reference10 Nelson S O. and G Bartley, “Measuring frequency and temperature dependent permittivity of food materials” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51, no.4, pp. 589-592. August 2002.
  • Reference11 Nelson S O., “Agriculture application of dielectric measurements”. IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51, no.4, pp. 688-702. May 2005.
  • Reference12 R K Tripathi, M Gupta and J P Shukla,”Capacitance technique for measuring moisture content using dielectric data- an immersion method”, ICDL International conference on conduction ad breakdown in dielectric liquids, Roma, Italy, pp. 440-442. July 15-19, 1996.
  • Reference13 Mizukami, Y., Sawai, Y. and Yamaguchi, Y., “Moisture content of tea leaves by electrical impedance and capacitance,” www.sciencedirect.com, Biosystems Engineering, vol.93, No.3, pp. 293-299. 2006.
  • Reference14 Tsukada, K. and Kiwa, T.,“Magnetic measurement of moisture content of grain”, IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, vol.43, No.6, June 2007.
  • Reference15 V. K. Kandala, “Moisture Determination In Single Peanut Pods By Complex RF Impedance Measurement,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1493–1496. 2004.
  • Reference16 Kandala, C.V. and Puppala. N, “Capacitance sensors for nondestructive moisture determination in grain, nuts and bio-fuel materials,” ICST., U S A. 2012.
  • Reference17 Kandala, C.V. and Puppala. N,“Parallel plate capacitance sensors for nondestructive moisture content of different types of wheat,” Sensors Application Symposium IEEE Bresua . pp 1-5. February 2012.
  • Reference18 Kandala, C.V., Avula, R., Settaluri, V., Reddy, R.S. and Puppala, N. “Sensing the moisture content of dry cherries-A rapid and non-destructive method,” Scientific Research, Food and Nutrition Sciences, vol. 4, pp. 38-42. 2013.
  • Reference19 “Moisture Measurement-Peanuts,” American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI, ASAE S410.1, ASAE Standard, 2000.
  • Reference20 V S Sellaluri, C V Kandala, N Puppala, J Sundaram, “Peanuts and their nutritional aspects- A review”, food and nutrition sciences, vol.3, 1644-1650. December 2012.
  • Reference21 Chari V Kandala, Rao C N Rachaputi and Daniel O Connor International Conference on Educational and Information Technology (ICEIT 2010) Scientific Research Journal of Sensor Technology,3,pp.42-46. September 2013.
  • Reference22 Divya. Nath, K., SudhaRamasamy,., Saranya Das, Y.M. ,PrabhuRamanathan, ‘A review on non-destructive methods for the measurement of moisture contents in food items” presented in Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT), 2015 International Conference DOI:10.1109/ICCPCT..7159367 Publisher: IEEE Digital library. 2015.
  • Reference23 SaranyaDas.Y.M, DivyaNath K, Ramaswamy, S&Ramanathan, P “A review on sensor based methods for moisture content determination of agricultural commodities” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.2pp. 1697-1703. 2015.
  • Reference24 DivyaNath K. ,Ramanathan, P"Non-destructive methods for the measurement of moisture contents – a review", Sensor Review, Vol.37, no.1, pp.71–77. 2017
Year 2019, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 914 - 926, 01.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.402250

Abstract

References

  • Reference1 Chari.V. K. Kandala and S. O. Nelson, “Rf impedance method for estimating moisture content in small samples of in-shell peanuts,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 56, no.3. June 2007.
  • Reference2 Chari. V. K. Kandala, C. L.Butts, and S. O. Nelson, “Capacitance sensor for non-destructive measurement of moisture content in nuts and grain,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1809–1813. October. 2007.
  • Reference3 Chari V Kandala and Jaya Sundaram,“Nondestructive measurement of moisture content using a parallel plate capacitance sensor for nuts and grain,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1282- 1287. July 2010.
  • Reference4 Nelson S O. “Dielectric properties of agriculture products -measurements and applications”. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation; vol. 26, no.5, pp.845-69. 1991.
  • Reference5 Nelson S O “Use Of Electrical Properties for Grain Moisture Measurement” Journal of Microwave Power, vol.12 no.1, pp. 67-72. 1977.
  • Reference6 Nelson S O, Kraszewski A, Trabelsi S, Lawrence K C, “Using cereal grain permittivity for sensing moisture content” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 49, no. 3, pp 470-475. 2000.
  • Reference7 G. Briggs, “An electrical resistance method for the rapid determination of the moisture content of grain,” American Association for the Advancement of Science, vol.28, no.727, pp.810-813. December 1908.
  • Reference8 Jishun Jiang and Hua Ji , “Modeling of moisture test for grain based on neural network and dielectric loss factor,” IEEE Computer Society ,Second International Symposium, on Computational Intelligence and Design. November 10 2009.
  • Reference9 Ki-Bok Kim, Jong –Heon Kim, Seung Seok Lee and Sang Ha Noh, “Measurement of grain moisture content using microwave attenuation at 10.5ghz and moisture density,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51,no.1, February 2002.
  • Reference10 Nelson S O. and G Bartley, “Measuring frequency and temperature dependent permittivity of food materials” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51, no.4, pp. 589-592. August 2002.
  • Reference11 Nelson S O., “Agriculture application of dielectric measurements”. IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol.51, no.4, pp. 688-702. May 2005.
  • Reference12 R K Tripathi, M Gupta and J P Shukla,”Capacitance technique for measuring moisture content using dielectric data- an immersion method”, ICDL International conference on conduction ad breakdown in dielectric liquids, Roma, Italy, pp. 440-442. July 15-19, 1996.
  • Reference13 Mizukami, Y., Sawai, Y. and Yamaguchi, Y., “Moisture content of tea leaves by electrical impedance and capacitance,” www.sciencedirect.com, Biosystems Engineering, vol.93, No.3, pp. 293-299. 2006.
  • Reference14 Tsukada, K. and Kiwa, T.,“Magnetic measurement of moisture content of grain”, IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, vol.43, No.6, June 2007.
  • Reference15 V. K. Kandala, “Moisture Determination In Single Peanut Pods By Complex RF Impedance Measurement,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1493–1496. 2004.
  • Reference16 Kandala, C.V. and Puppala. N, “Capacitance sensors for nondestructive moisture determination in grain, nuts and bio-fuel materials,” ICST., U S A. 2012.
  • Reference17 Kandala, C.V. and Puppala. N,“Parallel plate capacitance sensors for nondestructive moisture content of different types of wheat,” Sensors Application Symposium IEEE Bresua . pp 1-5. February 2012.
  • Reference18 Kandala, C.V., Avula, R., Settaluri, V., Reddy, R.S. and Puppala, N. “Sensing the moisture content of dry cherries-A rapid and non-destructive method,” Scientific Research, Food and Nutrition Sciences, vol. 4, pp. 38-42. 2013.
  • Reference19 “Moisture Measurement-Peanuts,” American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI, ASAE S410.1, ASAE Standard, 2000.
  • Reference20 V S Sellaluri, C V Kandala, N Puppala, J Sundaram, “Peanuts and their nutritional aspects- A review”, food and nutrition sciences, vol.3, 1644-1650. December 2012.
  • Reference21 Chari V Kandala, Rao C N Rachaputi and Daniel O Connor International Conference on Educational and Information Technology (ICEIT 2010) Scientific Research Journal of Sensor Technology,3,pp.42-46. September 2013.
  • Reference22 Divya. Nath, K., SudhaRamasamy,., Saranya Das, Y.M. ,PrabhuRamanathan, ‘A review on non-destructive methods for the measurement of moisture contents in food items” presented in Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT), 2015 International Conference DOI:10.1109/ICCPCT..7159367 Publisher: IEEE Digital library. 2015.
  • Reference23 SaranyaDas.Y.M, DivyaNath K, Ramaswamy, S&Ramanathan, P “A review on sensor based methods for moisture content determination of agricultural commodities” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.2pp. 1697-1703. 2015.
  • Reference24 DivyaNath K. ,Ramanathan, P"Non-destructive methods for the measurement of moisture contents – a review", Sensor Review, Vol.37, no.1, pp.71–77. 2017
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Authors

Divya Nathk

Prabhu Ramanathan

Publication Date September 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 32 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Nathk, D., & Ramanathan, P. (2019). Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction. Gazi University Journal of Science, 32(3), 914-926. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.402250
AMA Nathk D, Ramanathan P. Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction. Gazi University Journal of Science. September 2019;32(3):914-926. doi:10.35378/gujs.402250
Chicago Nathk, Divya, and Prabhu Ramanathan. “Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction”. Gazi University Journal of Science 32, no. 3 (September 2019): 914-26. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.402250.
EndNote Nathk D, Ramanathan P (September 1, 2019) Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction. Gazi University Journal of Science 32 3 914–926.
IEEE D. Nathk and P. Ramanathan, “Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction”, Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 914–926, 2019, doi: 10.35378/gujs.402250.
ISNAD Nathk, Divya - Ramanathan, Prabhu. “Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction”. Gazi University Journal of Science 32/3 (September 2019), 914-926. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.402250.
JAMA Nathk D, Ramanathan P. Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2019;32:914–926.
MLA Nathk, Divya and Prabhu Ramanathan. “Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction”. Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 32, no. 3, 2019, pp. 914-26, doi:10.35378/gujs.402250.
Vancouver Nathk D, Ramanathan P. Novel Technique to Measure Moisture Content of Paddy and the Error Correction. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2019;32(3):914-26.