Thin-Film Biosensors in Public Health: Review for E. coli Detection

Year 2025, Early View, 1 - 1

Özkur Kuran , Duygu Takanoğlu Bulut , Ahmet Koluman

Abstract

In response to escalating concerns regarding food hygiene, there is an urgent demand for expedited and dependable methods for bacterial detection. Escherichia coli (E. coli) stands as a pivotal indicator organism, delineating potential fecal contamination and associated health hazards. This scholarly inquiry investigates the viability of employing thin-film biosensors for swift and discerning E. coli detection, thereby making substantial strides in safeguarding public health. This investigation highlights the underlying principles governing these biosensors, accentuating the pivotal role of functionalization in facilitating precise capture and detection. Diverse materials and deposition techniques employed in thin film fabrication are scrutinized, elucidating their respective merits and demerits. Moreover, this study showcases two specific instances elucidating the multifarious applications of thin-film biosensors in bacterial detection. The first case delineates a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based nano biosensor chip adept at single-cell E. coli detection, capitalizing on signal amplification through targeted capture facilitated by bacteriophages. The second instance delineates a cost-efficient strategy leveraging a zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film functionalized with immobilized antibodies for E. coli detection. The exposition of both highly sensitive and economical options underscores the adaptability of thin-film biosensors in combating bacterial perils. Subsequent research endeavors should pivot towards augmenting sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexing capabilities to ensure comprehensive bacterial detection across diverse environments.

Keywords

Thin-film biosensors, Escherichia coli detection, Functionalization, Bacterial threats, Public health

Thanks

This review is a part of Pamukkale DOSAP project which were held for Post-Doc studies of Duygu Takanoğlu Bulut (PhD) and Özkur Kuran (PhD).

İnce Film Sensörlerin Hijyenik Kalite İçin Kullanımı

Abstract

Gıda hijyeniyle ilgili artan endişelere yanıt olarak, bakteriyel tespit için hızlı ve güvenilir yöntemlere acil bir talep vardır. Escherichia coli (E. coli), potansiyel fekal kontaminasyonu ve ilgili sağlık tehlikelerini tanımlayan önemli bir gösterge organizma olarak durmaktadır. Bu bilimsel araştırma, hızlı ve ayırt edici E. coli tespiti için ince film biyosensörlerin kullanılmasının uygulanabilirliğini araştırmakta ve böylece halk sağlığının korunmasında önemli adımlar atmaktadır. Bu araştırma, bu biyosensörleri yöneten temel ilkeleri vurgulamakta ve işlevselleştirmenin hassas yakalama ve tespiti kolaylaştırmadaki çok önemli rolünü vurgulamaktadır. İnce film imalatında kullanılan çeşitli malzemeler ve biriktirme teknikleri incelenerek, bunların kendi yararları ve zararları ortaya konmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma, ince film biyosensörlerin bakteri tespitindeki çok yönlü uygulamalarını aydınlatan iki özel örneği sergilemektedir. İlk örnek, bakteriyofajlar tarafından kolaylaştırılan hedefli yakalama yoluyla sinyal amplifikasyonundan yararlanarak tek hücreli E. coli tespitinde ustalaşan yüzeyde geliştirilmiş Raman saçılımı (SERS) tabanlı bir nanobiyosensör çipini tanımlamaktadır. İkinci örnek, E. coli tespiti için immobilize antikorlarla işlevselleştirilmiş bir çinko oksit tabanlı (ZnO) ince filmden yararlanan uygun maliyetli bir stratejiyi tanımlamaktadır. Hem son derece hassas hem de ekonomik seçeneklerin ortaya konması, bakteriyel tehlikelerle mücadelede ince film biyosensörlerin uyarlanabilirliğinin altını çizmektedir. Sonraki araştırma çabaları, çeşitli ortamlarda kapsamlı bakteri tespiti sağlamak için hassasiyet, özgüllük ve çoğullama yeteneklerini artırmaya yönelik olmalıdır.

Keywords

İnce Film Biyosensörler, Escherichia Coli Tespiti, İşlevselleştirme, Bakteriyel Davranışlar, Halk Sağlığı

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