Research Article
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Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology

Year 2021, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 335 - 353, 01.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.808326

Abstract

Wheat bran is one of the most used agricultural residues for enzyme synthesis. It has a high organic content; thus, it causes environmental pollution. In this study, wheat bran was selected as a carbon source and it was supplemented with yeast extract and ammonium sulphate. Endopectinase and pectin lyase production by Bacillus pumilus was performed in a batch system. RSM was applied to examine the effects of the wheat bran, yeast extract and ammonium sulphate concentrations on the synthesis of enzymes and the dosages of these nutrients were optimized. According to the model design, the optimum conditions were 4.74% w/v wheat bran, 0.12% ammonium sulphate and 0.12% yeast extract. The high values of R2 and R2 adj indicated that the fitted model showed good agreement with the predicted and actual values. In conclusion, these studies revealed that wheat bran can be used for the production of endo-pectinase and pectin lyase enzymes based on high enzyme activities.

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Projects Management Unit of Firat University

Project Number

FÜBAP 1674

Thanks

This study was funded by Scientific Research Projects Management Unit of Firat University (FUBAP) (Grant no. FÜBAP 1674). This paper includes a part of Ph.D thesis data of Ozlem TEPE.

References

  • [1] Pedrolli, D.B., Monteiro, A.C., Gomes, E., Carmona, E.C., “Pectin and pectinases: production, characterization and industrial application of microbial pectinolytic enzymes”. Open Biotechnol. J., 3: 9–18, (2009).
  • [2] Jayani, R.S., Saxena, S., Gupta, R., “Microbial pectinolytic enzymes: A review”, Process Biochem., 40: 2931–2944, (2005).
  • [3] Alkorta, I., Garbisu, C., Llama, M.J., Serra, J.L., “Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: a review”, Process Biochem., 33: 21–28, (1998).
  • [4] Kashyap, D.R., Vohra, P.K., Chopra, S., Tewari, R., “Applications of pectinases in the commercial sector: a review”, Bioresource Technol., 77(3): 215-227, (2001).
  • [5] Kertesz, Z., “A new method for enzymic clarification of unfermented apple juice. US patent no. 1.932.833”, New York State Agricultural Experimentation Station (Geneva) Bull. No. 689, (1930).
  • [6] El-Sheekh, M.M., Ismail, A.-m.S., El-Abd, M.A., Hegazy, E.M., El-Diwany, A.I., “Effective technological pectinases by Aspergillus carneus NRC1 utilizing the Egyptian orange juice industry scraps”, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 63: 12–18, (2009).
  • [7] Baracat‐Pereira, M.C., Coelho, J.L.C., Silva, D.O., “Production of pectin lyase by Penicillium griseoroseum cultured on sucrose and yeast extract for degumming of natural fibres”, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 18(3): 127-129, (1994).
  • [8] Prathyusha, K., Suneetha, V., “Bacterial pectinases and their potent biotechnological application in fruit processing/juice production industry: a review”. J. Phytol., 3(6): 16-19, (2011).
  • [9] Mojsov, K., “The effects of different carbon sources on biosynthesis of pectinolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger”, ATI –Appl. Technol. Inno., 3(3): 23-29, (2010).
  • [10] Naidu, G.S.N., Panda, T., “Production of pectolytic enzymes -a review”, Bioprocess Eng., 19: 355-361, (1998).
  • [11] Oumer, O.J., Abate, D., “Comparative studies of pectinase production by Bacillus subtilis strain Btk 27 in submerged and solid-state fermentations”, Biomed Res. Int., 2018: 1514795, (2018).
  • [12] Demir, H., Tarı, C., “Valorization of wheat bran for the production of polygalacturonase in SSF of Aspergillus sojae”, Ind. Crop Prod., 54: 302–309, (2014).
  • [13] Fang, T.J., Liao, B.-C., Lee, S.-C., “Enhanced production of xylanase by Aspergillus carneus M34 in solid-state fermentation with agricultural waste using statistical approach”, New Biotechnol., 27(1): 25-32, (2010).
  • [14] Castilho, L.R., Medronho, R.A., Alves, T.L.M., “Production and extraction of pectinases obtained by solid-state fermentation of agroindustrial residues with Aspergillus niger”, Bioresource Technol., 71(1): 45-50, (2000).
  • [15] Pandey, A., Soccol, C.R., Mitchell, D., “New developments in solid state fermentation: I-bioprocesses and products”, Process Biochem., 35: 1153–1169, (2000).
  • [16] Pandey, A., “Solid-state fermentation”, Biochem. Eng. J., 13: 81-84, (2003).
  • [17] Díaz, A.B., de Ory, I., Caro, I., Blandino, A., “Enhance hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus awamori on supplemented grape pomace”, Food Bioprod. Process, 90: 72–78, (2012).
  • [18] Kumar, R.S., Ananthan, G., Prabhu, A.S., “Optimization of medium composition for alkaline protease production by Marinobacter sp. GA CAS9 using response surface methodology–A statistical approach”, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 3: 191–197, (2014).
  • [19] Goncalves, D.B., Teixeira, J.A., Bazzolli, D.M.S., Queiroz, M.V., Araujo, E. F., “Use of response surface methodology to optimize production of pectinases by recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum T20”, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 1: 140–146, (2012).
  • [20] Tepe, O., Dursun, A.Y., “Exo-pectinase production by Bacillus pumilus using different agricultural wastes and optimizing of medium components using response surface methodology”, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 21: 9911–9920, (2014).
  • [21] Nedjma, M., Hoffmann, N., Belarbi, A., “Selective and sensitive detection of pectin lyase activity using a colorimetric test: application to the screening of microorganisms possessing pectin lyase activity”, Anal. Biochem., 291: 290–296, (2001).
  • [22] Tepe, O., Dursun, A.Y., “Bioprocess parameters and oxygen transfer characteristics in pectin lyase production by Bacillus pumilus”, Fresen. Environ. Bull., 26(8): 5082-5091, (2017).
  • [23] Tuttobello, R., Mill, P.J., “The pectic enzymes of Aspergillus niger 1. The production of active mixtures of pectic enzymes”, Biochem. J., 79: 51-57, (1961).
  • [24] Elibol, M., “Response surface methodological approach for inclusion of perfluorocarbon in actinorhodin fermentation medium”, Process Biochem., 38: 667-673, (2002).
  • [25] Manan, T.S.B.A., Khan, T., Sivapalan, S., Jusoh, H., Sapari, N., Sarwono, A., Ramli, R.M., Harimurti, S., Beddu, S., Sadon, S.N., Kamal, N.L.M., Malakahmad, A., “Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation from potable water using photo-Fenton oxidation process”, Sci. Total Environ., 665: 196–212, (2019).
  • [26] Li, H., van den Driesche, S., Bunge, F., Yang, B., Vellekoop, M.J., “Optimization of on-chip bacterial culture conditions using the Box-Behnken design response surface methodology for faster drug susceptibility screening”, Talanta, 194: 627–633, (2019).
  • [27] Gönen, F., Aksu, Z., “Single and binary dye and heavy metal bioaccumulation properties of Candida tropicalis: Use of response surface methodology (RSM) for the estimation of removal yields”, J. Hazard. Mater., 172: 1512–1519, (2009).
  • [28] Tanyildizi, M.Ş., “Modeling of adsorption isotherms and kinetics of reactive dye from aqueous solution by peanut hull”, Chem. Eng. J., 168: 1234–1240, (2011).
  • [29] Abdel Wahab, W.A., Ahmed, S.A., “Response surface methodology for production, characterization and application of solvent, salt and alkali-tolerant alkaline protease from isolated fungal strain Aspergillus niger WA 2017”, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 115: 447–458, (2018).
  • [30] Gönen, F., Aksu, Z., “Use of response surface methodology (RSM) in the evaluation of growth and copper (II) bioaccumulation properties of Candida utilis in molasses medium”, J. Hazard. Mater., 154: 731–738, (2008).
  • [31] Unuofin, J.O., Okoh, A.I., Nwodo, U.U., “Utilization of agroindustrial wastes for the production of laccase by Achromobacter xylosoxidans HWN16 and Bordetella bronchiseptica HSO16”, J. Environ. Manage., 231: 222–231, (2019).
  • [32] Ulhiza, T.A., Puad, N.I.M., Azmi, A.S., “Optimization of culture conditions for biohydrogen production from sago wastewater by Enterobacter aerogenes using response surface methodology”, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 43: 22148-22158, (2018).
  • [33] Panesar, P.S., Chavan, Y., Chopra, H.K., Kennedy, J.F., “Production of microbial cellulose: Response surface methodology approach”, Carbohyd. Polym., 87: 930–934, (2012).
  • [34] Xiao, R., Li, X., Zheng, Y., “Enzyme production by a fungoid marine protist Thraustochytrium striatum”, Eur. J. Protistol., 66: 136–148, (2018).
  • [35] Anvari, M., Khayati, G., “The effect of citrus pulp type on pectinase production in solid-state fermentation: Process evaluation and optimization by Taguchi design of experimental (DOE) methodology”, J. BioSci. Biotech., 3(3): 227-233, (2014).
  • [36] Nair, S.R., Panda, T., “Statistical optimization of medium components for improved synthesis of pectinase by Aspergillus niger”, Bioprocess Eng., 16: 169-173, (1997).
Year 2021, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 335 - 353, 01.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.808326

Abstract

Project Number

FÜBAP 1674

References

  • [1] Pedrolli, D.B., Monteiro, A.C., Gomes, E., Carmona, E.C., “Pectin and pectinases: production, characterization and industrial application of microbial pectinolytic enzymes”. Open Biotechnol. J., 3: 9–18, (2009).
  • [2] Jayani, R.S., Saxena, S., Gupta, R., “Microbial pectinolytic enzymes: A review”, Process Biochem., 40: 2931–2944, (2005).
  • [3] Alkorta, I., Garbisu, C., Llama, M.J., Serra, J.L., “Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: a review”, Process Biochem., 33: 21–28, (1998).
  • [4] Kashyap, D.R., Vohra, P.K., Chopra, S., Tewari, R., “Applications of pectinases in the commercial sector: a review”, Bioresource Technol., 77(3): 215-227, (2001).
  • [5] Kertesz, Z., “A new method for enzymic clarification of unfermented apple juice. US patent no. 1.932.833”, New York State Agricultural Experimentation Station (Geneva) Bull. No. 689, (1930).
  • [6] El-Sheekh, M.M., Ismail, A.-m.S., El-Abd, M.A., Hegazy, E.M., El-Diwany, A.I., “Effective technological pectinases by Aspergillus carneus NRC1 utilizing the Egyptian orange juice industry scraps”, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 63: 12–18, (2009).
  • [7] Baracat‐Pereira, M.C., Coelho, J.L.C., Silva, D.O., “Production of pectin lyase by Penicillium griseoroseum cultured on sucrose and yeast extract for degumming of natural fibres”, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 18(3): 127-129, (1994).
  • [8] Prathyusha, K., Suneetha, V., “Bacterial pectinases and their potent biotechnological application in fruit processing/juice production industry: a review”. J. Phytol., 3(6): 16-19, (2011).
  • [9] Mojsov, K., “The effects of different carbon sources on biosynthesis of pectinolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger”, ATI –Appl. Technol. Inno., 3(3): 23-29, (2010).
  • [10] Naidu, G.S.N., Panda, T., “Production of pectolytic enzymes -a review”, Bioprocess Eng., 19: 355-361, (1998).
  • [11] Oumer, O.J., Abate, D., “Comparative studies of pectinase production by Bacillus subtilis strain Btk 27 in submerged and solid-state fermentations”, Biomed Res. Int., 2018: 1514795, (2018).
  • [12] Demir, H., Tarı, C., “Valorization of wheat bran for the production of polygalacturonase in SSF of Aspergillus sojae”, Ind. Crop Prod., 54: 302–309, (2014).
  • [13] Fang, T.J., Liao, B.-C., Lee, S.-C., “Enhanced production of xylanase by Aspergillus carneus M34 in solid-state fermentation with agricultural waste using statistical approach”, New Biotechnol., 27(1): 25-32, (2010).
  • [14] Castilho, L.R., Medronho, R.A., Alves, T.L.M., “Production and extraction of pectinases obtained by solid-state fermentation of agroindustrial residues with Aspergillus niger”, Bioresource Technol., 71(1): 45-50, (2000).
  • [15] Pandey, A., Soccol, C.R., Mitchell, D., “New developments in solid state fermentation: I-bioprocesses and products”, Process Biochem., 35: 1153–1169, (2000).
  • [16] Pandey, A., “Solid-state fermentation”, Biochem. Eng. J., 13: 81-84, (2003).
  • [17] Díaz, A.B., de Ory, I., Caro, I., Blandino, A., “Enhance hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus awamori on supplemented grape pomace”, Food Bioprod. Process, 90: 72–78, (2012).
  • [18] Kumar, R.S., Ananthan, G., Prabhu, A.S., “Optimization of medium composition for alkaline protease production by Marinobacter sp. GA CAS9 using response surface methodology–A statistical approach”, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 3: 191–197, (2014).
  • [19] Goncalves, D.B., Teixeira, J.A., Bazzolli, D.M.S., Queiroz, M.V., Araujo, E. F., “Use of response surface methodology to optimize production of pectinases by recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum T20”, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 1: 140–146, (2012).
  • [20] Tepe, O., Dursun, A.Y., “Exo-pectinase production by Bacillus pumilus using different agricultural wastes and optimizing of medium components using response surface methodology”, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 21: 9911–9920, (2014).
  • [21] Nedjma, M., Hoffmann, N., Belarbi, A., “Selective and sensitive detection of pectin lyase activity using a colorimetric test: application to the screening of microorganisms possessing pectin lyase activity”, Anal. Biochem., 291: 290–296, (2001).
  • [22] Tepe, O., Dursun, A.Y., “Bioprocess parameters and oxygen transfer characteristics in pectin lyase production by Bacillus pumilus”, Fresen. Environ. Bull., 26(8): 5082-5091, (2017).
  • [23] Tuttobello, R., Mill, P.J., “The pectic enzymes of Aspergillus niger 1. The production of active mixtures of pectic enzymes”, Biochem. J., 79: 51-57, (1961).
  • [24] Elibol, M., “Response surface methodological approach for inclusion of perfluorocarbon in actinorhodin fermentation medium”, Process Biochem., 38: 667-673, (2002).
  • [25] Manan, T.S.B.A., Khan, T., Sivapalan, S., Jusoh, H., Sapari, N., Sarwono, A., Ramli, R.M., Harimurti, S., Beddu, S., Sadon, S.N., Kamal, N.L.M., Malakahmad, A., “Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation from potable water using photo-Fenton oxidation process”, Sci. Total Environ., 665: 196–212, (2019).
  • [26] Li, H., van den Driesche, S., Bunge, F., Yang, B., Vellekoop, M.J., “Optimization of on-chip bacterial culture conditions using the Box-Behnken design response surface methodology for faster drug susceptibility screening”, Talanta, 194: 627–633, (2019).
  • [27] Gönen, F., Aksu, Z., “Single and binary dye and heavy metal bioaccumulation properties of Candida tropicalis: Use of response surface methodology (RSM) for the estimation of removal yields”, J. Hazard. Mater., 172: 1512–1519, (2009).
  • [28] Tanyildizi, M.Ş., “Modeling of adsorption isotherms and kinetics of reactive dye from aqueous solution by peanut hull”, Chem. Eng. J., 168: 1234–1240, (2011).
  • [29] Abdel Wahab, W.A., Ahmed, S.A., “Response surface methodology for production, characterization and application of solvent, salt and alkali-tolerant alkaline protease from isolated fungal strain Aspergillus niger WA 2017”, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 115: 447–458, (2018).
  • [30] Gönen, F., Aksu, Z., “Use of response surface methodology (RSM) in the evaluation of growth and copper (II) bioaccumulation properties of Candida utilis in molasses medium”, J. Hazard. Mater., 154: 731–738, (2008).
  • [31] Unuofin, J.O., Okoh, A.I., Nwodo, U.U., “Utilization of agroindustrial wastes for the production of laccase by Achromobacter xylosoxidans HWN16 and Bordetella bronchiseptica HSO16”, J. Environ. Manage., 231: 222–231, (2019).
  • [32] Ulhiza, T.A., Puad, N.I.M., Azmi, A.S., “Optimization of culture conditions for biohydrogen production from sago wastewater by Enterobacter aerogenes using response surface methodology”, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 43: 22148-22158, (2018).
  • [33] Panesar, P.S., Chavan, Y., Chopra, H.K., Kennedy, J.F., “Production of microbial cellulose: Response surface methodology approach”, Carbohyd. Polym., 87: 930–934, (2012).
  • [34] Xiao, R., Li, X., Zheng, Y., “Enzyme production by a fungoid marine protist Thraustochytrium striatum”, Eur. J. Protistol., 66: 136–148, (2018).
  • [35] Anvari, M., Khayati, G., “The effect of citrus pulp type on pectinase production in solid-state fermentation: Process evaluation and optimization by Taguchi design of experimental (DOE) methodology”, J. BioSci. Biotech., 3(3): 227-233, (2014).
  • [36] Nair, S.R., Panda, T., “Statistical optimization of medium components for improved synthesis of pectinase by Aspergillus niger”, Bioprocess Eng., 16: 169-173, (1997).
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Chemical Engineering
Authors

Özlem Tepe 0000-0001-8336-3699

Arzu Yadigar Dursun 0000-0001-9412-5522

Project Number FÜBAP 1674
Publication Date June 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 34 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tepe, Ö., & Dursun, A. Y. (2021). Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology. Gazi University Journal of Science, 34(2), 335-353. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.808326
AMA Tepe Ö, Dursun AY. Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology. Gazi University Journal of Science. June 2021;34(2):335-353. doi:10.35378/gujs.808326
Chicago Tepe, Özlem, and Arzu Yadigar Dursun. “Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus Pumilus Using Response Surface Methodology”. Gazi University Journal of Science 34, no. 2 (June 2021): 335-53. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.808326.
EndNote Tepe Ö, Dursun AY (June 1, 2021) Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology. Gazi University Journal of Science 34 2 335–353.
IEEE Ö. Tepe and A. Y. Dursun, “Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology”, Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 335–353, 2021, doi: 10.35378/gujs.808326.
ISNAD Tepe, Özlem - Dursun, Arzu Yadigar. “Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus Pumilus Using Response Surface Methodology”. Gazi University Journal of Science 34/2 (June 2021), 335-353. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.808326.
JAMA Tepe Ö, Dursun AY. Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2021;34:335–353.
MLA Tepe, Özlem and Arzu Yadigar Dursun. “Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus Pumilus Using Response Surface Methodology”. Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 34, no. 2, 2021, pp. 335-53, doi:10.35378/gujs.808326.
Vancouver Tepe Ö, Dursun AY. Optimization of Endo-Pectinase and Pectin Lyase Production from Wheat Bran by Bacillus pumilus using Response Surface Methodology. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2021;34(2):335-53.