Research Article
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Year 2008, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 21 - 31, 24.03.2010

Abstract

References

  • Bergaya, F., Theng, B.K.G, Lagaly, G.,“Handbook of clay science”, Elsevier, New York, 393-423 (2006).
  • Figueras, F., “Pillared Clays as Catalyst”, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 30: 457-499 (1988).
  • Kloprogge, J.T., “Synthesis of smectites and porous pillared clay catalysts”: A review, J.Porous Mater., 5: 5-41 (1998).
  • Gil, A., Gandia, L.M., Vicente, M.A., “Synthesis and catalytic application of pillared clays”, Catal. Rev., Sci. Eng., 42: 145-212 (2000).
  • Grim, E.R., Clay mineralogy, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, (1968).
  • Clearfield, A., “Preparation of pillared clays and their catalytic properties, advanced catalysts and nanostructured materials”, Academic Press, Ed. by Moser, W., New York, 345-394 (1996).
  • Ladavos, A.K., Trikalitis, P.N., Pomonis, P.J., “Surface characteristics and catalytic activity of Al-pillared (AZA) and Fe-pillared (FAZA) clays for isopropanol decomposition”, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 106: 241-254 (1996).
  • Pires, J., Carvalho, M.B., Carvalho, A.P., “Aluminium-pillared clays: decomposition of intercalating species and textural properties”, Zeolites, 19: 107-113 (1997).
  • Moreno, S., Sun Kou, R., Molina, R., Poncelet G., “Al-, Al,Zr, and Zr-pillared montmorillonites and saponites: Preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity in heptane hydroconversion”, Journal of Catalysis, 182: 174-185 (1999).
  • Yang, R.T., Chen, J.P., Kikkinides, E.S., Cheng, L.S., “Pillared clays as Superior Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31: 1440-1445 (1992).
  • Chae, H.J., Nam, I.S., Ham, S.W., Hong, S.B., “Physicochemical characteristics of pillared interlayered clays”, Catal. Today, 68: 31-40 (2001).
  • Salerno, P., Mendioroz, S., “Preparation of Al- pillared montmorillonite from concentrated dispersions”, Appl.Clay Sci., 22: 115-123 (2002).
  • Kloprogge, J.T., Evans, R., Hickey, L., Frost, R.L., “Characterisation and Al-pillaring of Smectites from Miles, Queensland (Australia)”, Appl.Clay Sci., 20: 157-163 (2002).
  • Gil, A., Gandia, L.M., “Microstructure and
  • quantitative estimation of micropore-size distribution of an alumina-pillared clay from nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and carbon dioxide adsorption at 273 K”, Chem.Eng.Sci., 58: 3059- 3075 (2003).
  • Salerno, P., Mendioroz, S., Lopez A.A., “Al
  • pillared montmorillonite-based Mo catalyst: effect of impregnation conditions on their structure and hydrotreating activity”, App. Clay Sci, 23: 287-297 (2003).
  • Gongshin, Q., Yang, R.T., Thompson, L.T.,
  • “Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of excess oxygen by Pd supported on pillared clays”, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 259: 261-267 (2004).
  • Akıncı Tomul, F., “Alüminyum, kromalüminyum tabakalı kil üretimi ve karakterizasyonu”, Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 54-145 (2000).
  • Malla, P.B., Komarneni, S., “Properties and characterization of Al2O3 and SiO2-TiO2 pillared saponite”, Clays and Clay Minerals, 4: 472-483 (1993).
  • Balci, S., Gökçay, E., “Effects of drying methods and calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of iron intercalated clays”, Mater. Chem. Phys., 76: 46-51 (2002).
  • Cañizares, P., Valverde, J.L., Sun Kou, M.R., Molina, C.B., “Synthesis and characterization of PILCs with single and mixed oxide pillars prepared from two different bentonites. A comparative study”, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 29: 267-281 (1999).
  • Salerno, P., Asenjo, M.B., Mendioroz, S., “Influence of preparation method on thermal stability and acidity of Al-PILCs”, Thermochimica Acta, 379: 101-109 (2001).
  • Manohar, D.M., Noeline, B.F., Anirudhan, T.S. “Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous phase”, Applied Clay Science, 31: 194-206 (2006).
  • Guerra, D.L., Lemos, V.P., Airoldi, C., es
  • Angélica, R.S., “Influence of the acid activation of pillared smectites from Amazon (Brazil) in adsorption process with butylamine”, Polyhedron, 25: 2880–2890 (2006).
  • Gregg, S.J., Sing, K.S.W., “Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity”. Academic Press, London, p. 209 (1982).
  • Tomul, F., Balcı, S., “Surface Properties of Al- Pillared Clays Synthesized at Different Base/Metal Ratio”,
  • Nanostructures and Nanocomposites: Topical
  • Meeting of the European Ceramic Society), Saint
  • Petersburg, Russia, p.148 (2004).

Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites

Year 2008, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 21 - 31, 24.03.2010

Abstract

The effects of OH-/Al3+ ratio within the range of 1.0-2.5, on physico-chemical properties of Al-pillared clays obtained from Hancili (Turkey) bentonites and the change of these properties with the calcination temperature were examined. Characterization studies were performed by use of XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM and N2-adsorption/desorption analysis. Basal spacing and multi point BET surface area values of Al-pillared clays obtained from Hancili White Bentonite (HWB) increased from 1.69 nm and 149 m2g-1 to 1.83 nm and 198 m2g-1 by the increase of OH-/Al3+ ratio from 1.0 to 2.0 similar to the ones obtained from Hancili Green Bentonite (HGB). Decreases in these values were observed with temperature; however, even after calcination at 700ºC, they were higher than those of natural bentonite clays. HWB host resulted in samples with higher surface area values with the gained thermal stability. Calcium content of the products (determined by XRF) decreased to zero level with increasing OH-/Al3+ ratio and a corresponding decrease of Si/Al ratio. Presence of peaks at 1550 cm-1 corresponding to Brønsted acid site and at 1450 cm-1 corresponding to Lewis acid sites confirmed the existence of both physical and chemical acid sites in the synthesized samples.

References

  • Bergaya, F., Theng, B.K.G, Lagaly, G.,“Handbook of clay science”, Elsevier, New York, 393-423 (2006).
  • Figueras, F., “Pillared Clays as Catalyst”, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 30: 457-499 (1988).
  • Kloprogge, J.T., “Synthesis of smectites and porous pillared clay catalysts”: A review, J.Porous Mater., 5: 5-41 (1998).
  • Gil, A., Gandia, L.M., Vicente, M.A., “Synthesis and catalytic application of pillared clays”, Catal. Rev., Sci. Eng., 42: 145-212 (2000).
  • Grim, E.R., Clay mineralogy, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, (1968).
  • Clearfield, A., “Preparation of pillared clays and their catalytic properties, advanced catalysts and nanostructured materials”, Academic Press, Ed. by Moser, W., New York, 345-394 (1996).
  • Ladavos, A.K., Trikalitis, P.N., Pomonis, P.J., “Surface characteristics and catalytic activity of Al-pillared (AZA) and Fe-pillared (FAZA) clays for isopropanol decomposition”, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 106: 241-254 (1996).
  • Pires, J., Carvalho, M.B., Carvalho, A.P., “Aluminium-pillared clays: decomposition of intercalating species and textural properties”, Zeolites, 19: 107-113 (1997).
  • Moreno, S., Sun Kou, R., Molina, R., Poncelet G., “Al-, Al,Zr, and Zr-pillared montmorillonites and saponites: Preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity in heptane hydroconversion”, Journal of Catalysis, 182: 174-185 (1999).
  • Yang, R.T., Chen, J.P., Kikkinides, E.S., Cheng, L.S., “Pillared clays as Superior Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31: 1440-1445 (1992).
  • Chae, H.J., Nam, I.S., Ham, S.W., Hong, S.B., “Physicochemical characteristics of pillared interlayered clays”, Catal. Today, 68: 31-40 (2001).
  • Salerno, P., Mendioroz, S., “Preparation of Al- pillared montmorillonite from concentrated dispersions”, Appl.Clay Sci., 22: 115-123 (2002).
  • Kloprogge, J.T., Evans, R., Hickey, L., Frost, R.L., “Characterisation and Al-pillaring of Smectites from Miles, Queensland (Australia)”, Appl.Clay Sci., 20: 157-163 (2002).
  • Gil, A., Gandia, L.M., “Microstructure and
  • quantitative estimation of micropore-size distribution of an alumina-pillared clay from nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and carbon dioxide adsorption at 273 K”, Chem.Eng.Sci., 58: 3059- 3075 (2003).
  • Salerno, P., Mendioroz, S., Lopez A.A., “Al
  • pillared montmorillonite-based Mo catalyst: effect of impregnation conditions on their structure and hydrotreating activity”, App. Clay Sci, 23: 287-297 (2003).
  • Gongshin, Q., Yang, R.T., Thompson, L.T.,
  • “Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of excess oxygen by Pd supported on pillared clays”, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 259: 261-267 (2004).
  • Akıncı Tomul, F., “Alüminyum, kromalüminyum tabakalı kil üretimi ve karakterizasyonu”, Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 54-145 (2000).
  • Malla, P.B., Komarneni, S., “Properties and characterization of Al2O3 and SiO2-TiO2 pillared saponite”, Clays and Clay Minerals, 4: 472-483 (1993).
  • Balci, S., Gökçay, E., “Effects of drying methods and calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of iron intercalated clays”, Mater. Chem. Phys., 76: 46-51 (2002).
  • Cañizares, P., Valverde, J.L., Sun Kou, M.R., Molina, C.B., “Synthesis and characterization of PILCs with single and mixed oxide pillars prepared from two different bentonites. A comparative study”, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 29: 267-281 (1999).
  • Salerno, P., Asenjo, M.B., Mendioroz, S., “Influence of preparation method on thermal stability and acidity of Al-PILCs”, Thermochimica Acta, 379: 101-109 (2001).
  • Manohar, D.M., Noeline, B.F., Anirudhan, T.S. “Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous phase”, Applied Clay Science, 31: 194-206 (2006).
  • Guerra, D.L., Lemos, V.P., Airoldi, C., es
  • Angélica, R.S., “Influence of the acid activation of pillared smectites from Amazon (Brazil) in adsorption process with butylamine”, Polyhedron, 25: 2880–2890 (2006).
  • Gregg, S.J., Sing, K.S.W., “Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity”. Academic Press, London, p. 209 (1982).
  • Tomul, F., Balcı, S., “Surface Properties of Al- Pillared Clays Synthesized at Different Base/Metal Ratio”,
  • Nanostructures and Nanocomposites: Topical
  • Meeting of the European Ceramic Society), Saint
  • Petersburg, Russia, p.148 (2004).
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Chemical Engineering
Authors

Fatma Tomul

Suna Balcı This is me

Publication Date March 24, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 21 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tomul, F., & Balcı, S. (2010). Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites. Gazi University Journal of Science, 21(1), 21-31.
AMA Tomul F, Balcı S. Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites. Gazi University Journal of Science. March 2010;21(1):21-31.
Chicago Tomul, Fatma, and Suna Balcı. “Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites”. Gazi University Journal of Science 21, no. 1 (March 2010): 21-31.
EndNote Tomul F, Balcı S (March 1, 2010) Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites. Gazi University Journal of Science 21 1 21–31.
IEEE F. Tomul and S. Balcı, “Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites”, Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 21–31, 2010.
ISNAD Tomul, Fatma - Balcı, Suna. “Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites”. Gazi University Journal of Science 21/1 (March 2010), 21-31.
JAMA Tomul F, Balcı S. Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2010;21:21–31.
MLA Tomul, Fatma and Suna Balcı. “Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites”. Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 21, no. 1, 2010, pp. 21-31.
Vancouver Tomul F, Balcı S. Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Interlayered Bentonites. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2010;21(1):21-3.