Research Article

Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Volume: 12 Number: 1 March 26, 2025
EN

Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Abstract

The eye is a vital sensory organ that enables us to fulfill all our life’s needs. Diseases affecting such a vital organ can have a detrimental impact on our lives. Although certain eye conditions are easily managed, others may result in lasting damage or loss of sight if not identified promptly. Problems within the retina or improper image focus on the retina may result in loss of eyesight. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) can identify diseases using retinal images taken from a side-angle view. Medical images are analyzed using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to automatically diagnose diseases. Doctors may reach varying conclusions when diagnosing diseases based on medical images. These conclusions may even contain human error. These challenges can be overcome with the use of CNNs. When creating a CNN architecture, many hyperparameter values need to be determined at the beginning before the training phase. A well-structured design is crucial for the successful performance of CNNs. The lengthy training time of CNNs makes testing every hyperparameter combination a very time-intensive process. This research determined the best hyperparameters for CNNs by means of Bayesian optimization. The study employed a dataset comprising four categories: DME, CNV, DRUSEN, and NORMAL. With Bayesian optimization, this proposed model reached an accuracy and F1 score of 99.69%, outperforming existing research findings. The proposed model will also help doctors to make decisions and speed up the decision-making process.

Keywords

References

  1. Alqudah, A. M. (2020). AOCT-NET: a convolutional network automated classification of multiclass retinal diseases using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 58, 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-019-02066-y
  2. Asif, S., Amjad, K., & Qurrat‑ul‑Ain (2022). Deep residual network for diagnosis of retinal diseases using optical coherence tomography images. Interdisciplinary Sciences: Computational Life Sciences, 14(4), 906-916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12539-022-00533-z
  3. Berrimi, M., & Moussaoui, A. (2020). Deep learning for identifying and classifying retinal diseases. In 2020 2nd International Conference on computer and information sciences (ICCIS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCIS49240.2020.9257674
  4. Brochu, E., Cora, V. M., & De Freitas, N. (2010). A tutorial on Bayesian optimization of expensive cost functions, with application to active user modeling and hierarchical reinforcement learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1012.2599. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1012.2599
  5. Cheyi, J., & Çetin-Kaya, Y. (2024). Advanced CNN-Based Classification and Segmentation for Enhanced Breast Cancer Ultrasound Imaging. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 11(4), 647-667. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1529857
  6. Çetin-Kaya, Y. (2024). Equilibrium Optimization-Based Ensemble CNN Framework for Breast Cancer Multiclass Classification Using Histopathological Image. Diagnostics, 14(19), 2253. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192253
  7. Çetin-Kaya, Y., & Kaya, M. (2024). A Novel Ensemble Framework for Multi-Classification of Brain Tumors Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Diagnostics, 14(4), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14040383
  8. Çevik, İ., Çakmak, H., Çelik, Ö., & Okyay, P. (2021). Yaşam Boyu Göz Sağlığı: “2020 Vizyonu: Görme Hakkı”. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi, 6(3), 310-321. https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.891156

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pattern Recognition

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 26, 2025

Submission Date

November 28, 2024

Acceptance Date

March 3, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: 1

APA
Kaya, M. (2025). Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 12(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1592915
AMA
1.Kaya M. Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks. GU J Sci, Part A. 2025;12(1):15-35. doi:10.54287/gujsa.1592915
Chicago
Kaya, Mahir. 2025. “Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation 12 (1): 15-35. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1592915.
EndNote
Kaya M (March 1, 2025) Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation 12 1 15–35.
IEEE
[1]M. Kaya, “Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks”, GU J Sci, Part A, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 15–35, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.54287/gujsa.1592915.
ISNAD
Kaya, Mahir. “Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation 12/1 (March 1, 2025): 15-35. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1592915.
JAMA
1.Kaya M. Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks. GU J Sci, Part A. 2025;12:15–35.
MLA
Kaya, Mahir. “Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, vol. 12, no. 1, Mar. 2025, pp. 15-35, doi:10.54287/gujsa.1592915.
Vancouver
1.Mahir Kaya. Efficient Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Networks. GU J Sci, Part A. 2025 Mar. 1;12(1):15-3. doi:10.54287/gujsa.1592915

Cited By