Using Moss Extract on Cementitious Mixture with Enhanced Workability and Mechanical Properties

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 999 - 1012, 31.12.2025

Seda Turan , Nazlı İpek Kul Gül , Selcan Karakuş , Serhat Ursavaş , Gamze Gürsu , Nevin Taşaltın , Niyazi Uğur Koçkal

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1777268

Abstract

The negative environmental effects of cement and concrete additives, as well as the carbon emissions generated during the fabrication of cement and other required concrete components, have come into increasing focus in recent years. Cement-based construction materials, which often originate from plant extracts and agricultural residue, have gained a lot of interest lately due to their low energy requirements, affordability, and environmentally friendly characteristics. Within this context, the present study explores the application of synthesized moss extract (ME)-based nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the mechanical performance of cement, mitigate environmental impacts, and reduce carbon emissions. Surface characterization of the NPs was carried out using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which revealed moss extract-based nanoparticles (ME-NPs) with particle sizes below 100 nm and irregular needle-like shapes. The effects of ME-NPs on the physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar were investigated by testing water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, and microstructure. The experimental results showed that extracts of Homalothecium sericeum and Dicranum scoparium specifically enhanced compressive strength. Overall, the findings reveal that MEs can be utilized to develop eco-friendly, workable cementitious composites with improved mechanical properties.

Keywords

Moss Extract-Based Nanoparticles , Cement Mortar , Mechanical Properties , Environmentally Friendly

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