MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY

N. Aydan Sat

EN

MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY

Abstract

The pollution haven hypothesis refers to the idea that the highly pollution-intensive industries will relocate their activities from developed economies to the developing world. It is argued that the environmental concerns of the developed economies have caused them to enact strict environmental regulations, which have increased the cost of production of the dirty industries at home. The aim of this paper is to discuss the “pollution haven hypothesis” in the light of a comprehensive analysis of MNCs in Turkey. In order to test the hypothesis, dirty and clean industries are determined in the manufacturing industry. Multinational corporations are examined with reference to their sectors and their countries. The results of this empirical study provide significant evidence for the pollution haven hypothesis in Turkey.

Keywords

Pollution haven hypothesis,multinational corporations,foreign direct investment,Turkey.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

-

Authors

N. Aydan Sat

Publication Date

June 8, 2016

Submission Date

February 10, 2016

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2016 Volume: 4 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sat, N. A. (2016). MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning, 4(2), 25-36. https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS

AMA

1.Sat NA. MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY. GUJSPB. 2016;4(2):25-36. https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS

Chicago

Sat, N. Aydan. 2016. “MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 4 (2): 25-36. https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS.

EndNote

Sat NA (June 1, 2016) MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 4 2 25–36.

IEEE

[1]N. A. Sat, “MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY”, GUJSPB, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 25–36, June 2016, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS

ISNAD

Sat, N. Aydan. “MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 4/2 (June 1, 2016): 25-36. https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS.

JAMA

1.Sat NA. MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY. GUJSPB. 2016;4:25–36.

MLA

Sat, N. Aydan. “MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning, vol. 4, no. 2, June 2016, pp. 25-36, https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS.

Vancouver

1.N. Aydan Sat. MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT: POLLUTION HAVEN HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN THE CASE OF TURKEY. GUJSPB [Internet]. 2016 Jun. 1;4(2):25-36. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA63LC43WS