Architectural Evaluation Of People’s House Building As A Modernization Project In The Early Republic Period And The Example Of Elazığ People’s House

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 415 - 430, 30.09.2024

Ayşe Betül Köksal , Nur Urfalıoğlu

Abstract

The Republic, declared on October 29, 1923, brought many innovations in the fields of architecture and urbanization. Atatürk's vision played a crucial role in the development and implementation of these innovations. In the Early Republic Period, buildings in the style known in many sources as Late Ottoman Early Republic Architecture or First National Architecture, along with buildings in the international style that Atatürk especially wanted to be implemented with the arrival of foreign architects and artists to our country, were constructed together. Especially in the capital Ankara, buildings constructed in both the First National and international styles were located side by side or very close to each other. The modernization movements in cities that started with Ankara in the early Republic also manifested themselves in other Anatolian provinces. With the establishment of the Republic, the idea of establishing People's Houses as an educational institution emerged to disseminate the ideology of Turkish revolutions to the public. The establishment of People's Houses in 1932 and the gradual opening of People's Houses in every province are evidence of the role of People's Houses in the modernization of cities and the education of the people. The Elâzığ People's House, which is discussed in the article, was opened on February 19, 1934, for these purposes. The building, which served as a People's House from 1934 to 1952, was used as a Girls' Primary School from 1952 to 1972, and as a High School and Education Institute from 1972 to 1982. Since 1983, it has continued to be used as a teachers' house. The Elâzığ People's House Building, built in the international style in the Early Republic Period, will be examined in terms of its plan, construction technique, and facade features, and will be compared with People's House buildings in other cities in terms of these features.

Keywords

international style, people's house, early republican period architecture, Elazığ people's house

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