2D Investigation of a Wing Consept with a NACA 4412 Airfoil in Ground Effect Operation

Abstract

Vehicles that operate at altitudes close to the sea surface by taking advantage of the ground effect enable us to overcome the hydrodynamic force exerted by the water on the vehicle, allowing us to reach general aviation speeds, while also making it possible to carry more cargo than an aircraft by taking advantage of the ground effect. In this article, the NACA 4412 profile, which has a wide usage area, high lift/drag ratio and a flat bottom surface, has been chosen as a wing concept for a hoverwing vehicle that operates by making use of ground effect. Turbulence modeling was carried out at flight altitudes where it would be exposed to ground effect with a speed of 22.22 m/s and Re=4,068x106. While the height to the ground was decreased by 0.1 starting from the height of 1 chord, the angle of attack was increased up to 10 degrees in increments of 2 degree, starting from 0 degrees, and computational fluid dynamics analyzes were performed in 2D in the Realizable K-Epsilon experimental model with the help of ANSYS Fluent. As a result of the analyzes made, the highest lift/drag value was obtained as 50 at an angle of attack of 4 degrees and at a height corresponding to 0.1 chord value.

Keywords

• Hoverwing
• Fluent
• Airfoil
• Turbulance Modellig
• Chord

NACA 4412 KANAT PROFİLİNE SAHİP BİR KANAT KONSEPTİNİN YER ETKİSİNDE 2 BOYUTLU İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Yer etkisinden faydalanarak deniz yüzeyine yakın irtifada operasyon yürüten taşıtlar, suyun taşıta uygulamış olduğu hidrodinamik kuvveti yenmemizi sağlayarak genel havacılık hızlarına ulaşılmasına olanak tanırken yer etkisinden faydalanarak bir uçaktan daha fazla yük taşımamızı da mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu makalede yer etkisinden faydalanarak operasyon yürüten bir hoverwing taşıtı için kanat konsepti olarak geniş bir kullanım alanına sahip, kaldırma/sürükleme oranı yüksek ve düz bir alt yüzeye sahip olan NACA 4412 profili seçilmiştir. Hız olarak 22.22 m/s ve Re=4,068x106 değerlerinde yer etkisine maruz kalacağı uçuş irtifalarında türbülans modellemesi yapılmıştır. Zemine olan yükseklik 1 veter yüksekliğinden başlayarak 0.1’lik oranda azaltılırken, hücum açısı 0 dereceden başlayarak 2 şer derecelik artımlarla 10 dereceye kadar artırılarak ANSYS Fluent yardımı ile hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği analizleri Realizable K-Epsilon deney modelinde 2D olarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda 4 derece hücum açısında ve 0.1 veter değerine denk gelen yükseklikte en yüksek kaldırma/sürükleme değeri 50 olarak elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hoverwing
• Fluent
• Kanat Profili
• Türbülans Modelleme
• Veter

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