A New Integrated Approach for Determination of Turkey’s Solar Energy Production Strategies: The Fuzzy Expanded SWOT

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 621 - 644, 29.12.2021

Buket Karatop , Buşra Taşkan

https://doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.975107

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Because of Turkey's high solar energy potential due to its geographical location and certain advantages of the solar energy, the solar energy is one of the most important among renewable energy types which are invested in the country. Therefore, it aimed to determine of the strategies related to Turkey's solar energy production in this study. For this, a new integrated method called the Fuzzy Expanded SWOT, consisting of the Fuzzy AHP and the Expanded SWOT methods, has been proposed. The proposed method eliminates many disadvantages of the traditional SWOT analysis. First of all, factors and sub-factors related to the solar energy were determined by the Expanded SWOT analysis. Subsequently, the local weights of the factors and sub-factors were determined by the Fuzzy AHP method. The sub-factors which are insignificant according to the weights found, were eliminated and the global weights of the remaining sub-factors were found. Finally, sub-factors were prioritized according to their global weights and strategies were determined based on the Expanded SWOT matrix, taking these priorities into consideration. As a result of the analyzes, it was observed that the strategies which should be dwelled on related to solar energy production in the Turkey, are ones which concentrate on R&D studies in public institutions, private sector and universities.

Keywords

Solar energy, strategy, SWOT, Expanded SWOT, fuzzy AHP, renewable energy

References

• Abdel-Basset, M., Mohamed, M., & Smarandache, F. (2018). An extension of neutrosophic AHP–SWOT analysis for strategic planning and decision-making. Symmetry, 10(4), 116-133.
• Adar, E., Karatop, B., İnce, M., & Bilgili, M. S. (2016). Comparison of methods for sustainable energy management with sewage sludge in Turkey based on SWOT-FAHP analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 62, 429-440.
• Arslan, O., & Turan, O. (2009). Analytical investigation of marine casualties at the Strait of Istanbul with SWOT–AHP method. Maritime Policy & Management, 36(2), 145-131.
• Azimi, R., Yazdani-Chamzini, A., Fouladgar, M. M., Zavadskas, & E. K., Basiri, M. H. (2011). Ranking the strategies of mining sector through anp and topsis in a swot framework. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 12(4), 689-670.
• Catron, J., Stainback, G. A., Dwivedi, P., Lhotka, J. M. (2013). Bioenergy development in Kentucky: A SWOT-ANP analysis. Forest Policy and Economics, 28, 38-43.
• Chang, D.Y. (1996). Applications of the extent analysis method on fuzzy AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 95(3), 649–655.
• David, F. R. (2007). Strategic management concepts and cases. New York: Prentice Hall.
• Dönmez, F. 7. Anadolu güneşi elektrik üretiyor Kayseri buluşması. (2020). https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/politika/enerji-ve-tabii-kaynaklar-bakani-donmez-turkiye-bugun-yenilenebilir-enerji-kurulu-gucunde-avrupada-altinci/1741509/ Accessed 13 March 2020.
• Ervural, B. C., Zaim, S., Demirel, O. F., Aydin, Z., & Delen, D. (2018). An ANP and fuzzy TOPSIS-based SWOT analysis for Turkey’s energy planning. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 1538-1550.
• Eslamipoor, R., Sepehriar, A. (2014). Firm relocation as a potential solution for environment improvement using a SWOT-AHP hybrid method. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 92(3), 276-269.
• Gao, C.Y., Peng, D.H. (2011). Consolidating SWOT analysis with nonhomogeneous uncertain preference information. Knowledge-Based Systems, 24(6), 808-796.
• Ghazinoory, S., Esmail Zadeh, A., & Memariani, A. (2007). Fuzzy SWOT analysis. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 18(1), 99-108.
• Görener, A., Toker, K., & Ulucay, K. (2012). Application of combined SWOT and AHP : A case study for a manufacturing firm. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1525-1534.
• Hill, T., & Westbrook, R. (1997). SWOT analysis: It's time for a product recall. Long Range Planning, 30(1), 46-52.
• Hosseini-Nasab, H., Hosseini-Nasab, A., & Milani, A.S. (2011). Coping with imprecision in strategic planning: A case study using fuzzy SWOT analysis. IBusiness, 3, 23-29.
• International Energy Agency (IEA). Total primary energy supply for the World. (2017). https://www.iea.org/world/ Accessed 12 January 2020.
• International Energy Agency (IEA). Total primary energy supply for the Europe. (2017). https://www.iea.org/regions/europe/ Accessed 12 January 2020.
• International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Solar energy. (2020). https://www.irena.org/solar/ Accessed 30 March 2020.
• Kabak, M., & Dağdeviren, M. (2014). Prioritization of renewable energy sources for Turkey by using a hybrid MCDM methodology. Energy Conversion and Management, 79, 25-33.
• Kabak, M., Dağdeviren, M., & Burmaoğlu, S. (2016). A hybrid SWOT-FANP model for energy policy making in Turkey. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 11(6), 487-495.
• Kahraman, C., Cebeci, U., & Ulukan, Z. (2003). Multi-criteria supplier selection using fuzzy AHP. Logistics Information Management, 16(6), 382-394.
• Kahraman, C., Demirel, N.C., & Demirel, T. (2007). Prioritization of e-government strategies using a SWOT-AHP analysis: The case of Turkey. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(3), 284-298.
• Kajanus, M., Kurttila, M., & Pesonen, M. (1996, June-July). Applying SWOT and AHP analysis when changing to ecolabelled forestry, Integrating Environmental Values into Forest Planning-Baltic and Nordic Perspectives. Paper presented at the Nordic-Baltic Research Course, Räpinä, Estonia.
• Kajanus, M., Leskinen, P., Kurttila, M., & Kangas, J. (2012). Making use of MCDS methods in SWOT analysis - Lessons learnt in strategic natural resources management. Forest Policy and Economics, 20, 1-9.
• Kangas, J., Pesonen, M., Kurttila, M., & Kajanus, M. (2001, August). A'WOT: Integrating the AHP with SWOT Analysis. Paper presented at the 6th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP), Berne, Switzerland.
• Karatop, B., Kubat, C., & Uygun, Ö. (2018). Determining the strategies on Turkish automotive sector using fuzzy AHP based on the SWOT analysis. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(5), 1314-1325.
• Khan, M. I. (2018). Evaluating the strategies of compressed natural gas industry using an integrated SWOT and MCDM approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 1035-1052.
• Kheirkhah, A.S., Esmailzadeh, A., & Ghazinoory, S. (2009). Developing strategies to reduce the risk of hazardous materials transportation in Iran using the method of fuzzy SWOT analysis. Transport, 24(4), 325-332.
• Kumar, A., Sah, B., Singh, A. R., Deng, Y., He, X., Kumar, P., & Bansal, R. C. (2017). A review of multi criteria decision making (MCDM) towards sustainable renewable energy development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 596-609.
• Kuo-liang, L., & Shu-chen, L. (2008). A fuzzy quantified SWOT procedure for environmental evaluation of an international distribution center. Information Sciences, 178(2), 531-549.
• Kurttila, M., Pesonen, M., Kangas, J., & Kajanus, M. (2000). Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in SWOT analysis - A hybrid method and its application to a forest-certification case. Forest Policy and Economics, 1(1), 41-52.
• Learned, E.P., Christensen, C.R., Andrews, K.E., & Guth, W.D. (1965). Business policy: Text and cases. Irwin: Homewood.
• Lund, H. (2010). Renewable energy systems: The choice and modeling of 100% renewable solutions. USA: Academic Press.
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. Solar Energy. (2020). https://www.enerji.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Gunes/ Accessed 30 March 2020.
• Sevkli, M., Oztekin, A., Uysal, O., Torlak, G., Turkyilmaz, A., & Delen, D. (2012). Development of a fuzzy ANP based SWOT analysis for the airline industry in Turkey. Expert systems with Applications, 39(1), 14-24.
• Shrestha, R.K., Alavalapati, J.R., & Kalmbacher, R.S. (2004). Exploring the potential for silvopasture adoption in south-central Florida: An application of SWOT–AHP method. Agricultural Systems, 81(3), 185-199.
• Sindhu, S., Nehra, V., & Luthra, S. (2017). Solar energy deployment for sustainable future of India: Hybrid SWOC-AHP analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 72, 1138-1151.
• Solangi, Y.A., Tan, Q., Mirjat, N. H., & Ali, S. (2019). Evaluating the strategies for sustainable energy planning in Pakistan: An integrated SWOT-AHP and Fuzzy-TOPSIS approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 236, 117655.
• Stainback, G.A., Masozera, M., Mukuralinda, A., & Dwivedi, P. (2012). Smallholder agroforestry in Rwanda: A SWOT-AHP analysis. Small-Scale Forestry, 11(3), 285-300.
• Şeker, Ş., & Özgürler, M. (2012). Analysis of the Turkish consumer electronics firm using SWOT-AHP method. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1544-1554.
• Taleai, M., Mansourian, A., & Sharifi, A. (2009). Surveying general prospects and challenges of GIS implementation in developing countries: A SWOT–AHP approach. Journal of Geographical Systems, 11(3), 291-310.
• Terrados, J., Almonacid, G., & Hontoria, L. (2007). Regional energy planning through SWOT analysis and strategic planning tools: Impact on renewables development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 11(6), 1275-1287.
• Toksarı, M., & Toksarı, M.D. (2011). Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yaklaşımı kullanılarak hedef pazarın belirlenmesi. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, 38(1), 51-70.
• Wickramasinghe, V., & Takano, S.E. (2010). Application of combined SWOT and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for tourism revival strategic marketing planning. Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 8, 954-969.
• Yapici Pehlivan, N., Şahin, A., Zavadskas, E., & Turskis, Z. (2018). A comparative study of integrated FMCDM methods for evaluation of organizational strategy development. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 19(2), 360-381.
• Yüksel, İ., & Dağdeviren, M. (2007). Using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) in a SWOT analysis – A case study for a textile firm. Information Sciences, 177(16), 3364-3382.
• Zavadskas, E.K., Turskis, Z., & Tamosaitiene, J. (2011). Selection of construction enterprises management strategy based on the SWOT and multi-criteria analysis. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 11(4), 1063-1082.